Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

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Jakobsen, LMA , Sundekilde, UK, Andersen, HJ, S. Nielsen, D & Bertram, HCS 2019, 'Lactose and Bovine Milk Oligosaccharides Synergistically Stimulate B. longum subsp. longum Growth in a Simplified Model of the Infant Gut Microbiome', Journal of Proteome Research, vol. 18, no. 8, pp. 3086-3098. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00211

Gregersen, AB 2019, 'Lad det ækle trænge sig på: Brian Benjamin Hansen & David Mayntz (red.) - Det ækle', Filosofiske Anmeldelser, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 98-105.

Langan, SM, Schmidt, SAJ, Wing, K, Ehrenstein, V, Nicholls, SG, Filion, KB, Klungel, O, Petersen, I , Sørensen, HT, Dixon, WG, Guttmann, A, Harron, K, Hemkens, LG, Moher, D, Schneeweiss, S, Smeeth, L, Sturkenboom, M, von Elm, E, Wang, SV & Benchimol, EI 2019, 'La déclaration RECORD-PE (Reporting of Studies Conducted Using Observational Routinely Collected Health Data Statement for Pharmacoepdemiology): directives pour la communication des études realisées à partir de données de santé observationelles collectées en routine en pharmacoépidémiologie', CMAJ, vol. 191, no. 25, pp. E689-E708. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.190347

Sorensen, HT & Com Travail RECORD 2019, 'La declaration RECORD (Reporting of Studies Conducted Using Observational Routinely Collected Health Data): directives pour la communication des etudes realisees a partir de donnees de sante collectees en routine', CMAJ, vol. 191, no. 8, pp. E216-E230. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.181309

Nygaard, B 2019, Læder-Elvis i 1968. Ikke kun Elvis. <https://ikkekunelvis.wordpress.com/2018/12/03/laeder-elvis-i-1968/>

Holm, R, Pedersen, K & Vossen Rasmussen, M 2019, 'Lægehenvisning til psykolog for unge fungerer ikke', Altinget.

Simonsen, U 2019, Lægemidler med virkning på adrenceptorer. in K Brøsen, U Simonsen & K Dalhoff (eds), Basal og klinisk farmakologi. 6. edn, FADL's Forlag, Roskilde, pp. 163-183.

Barfod, KW, Rasmussen, R , Blaabjerg, B , Hölmich, P & Lind, M 2019, 'Lægens rolle i forbindelse med tilbagevenden til sport efter korsbåndsrekonstruktion', Ugeskrift for Læger, vol. 180, no. 4, pp. 2-6.

Rasmussen, AIR, Damsgaard, L, Loumann Krogh, C, Prag, C, Schønemann-Lund, M, Tophøj, SR, Jespersen, B & Ørskov, L 2019, 'Lægernes vigtigste kamp er kampen for klimaet', Ugeskrift for Læger, no. 23. <https://ugeskriftet.dk/debat/laegernes-vigtigste-kamp-er-kampen-klimaet>

Haas, C 2019, 'Lægpersoners historiebrug i hverdagslivets populær- og historiekultur: En historiedidaktisk udfordring', Nordidactica - Journal of Humanities and Social Science Education, no. 1, pp. 36-55. <http://kau.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1305852&dswid=8089>

Hasselbalch, O & Munkholm, NV 2019, Lærebog i ansættelsesret og personalejura. 6. edn, Djøf Forlag, København.

von Eyben, B & Isager, H 2019, Lærebog i erstatningsret. 9 edn, Djøf Forlag, København.

Benn, J 2019, Læremidler til husgerning, hjemkundskab, madkundskab – recepten på det gode liv?. <http://www.madkundskab.nu/laeremidler-til-husgerning-hjemkundskab-madkundskab-recepten-paa-det-gode-liv-da/>

Svendsen, LI & Klitmøller, J 2019, 'Lærerekspertise: Kontrol, autonomi eller ’autonomi forudsat evner’? En forening af divergerende forståelser af lærerekspertise', Studier i læreruddannelse og -profession, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 163-181. <https://tidsskrift.dk/SLP/article/download/117991/166016/>

Lund, L 2019, Lærerens didaktiske vokabular: at skabe sammenhæng mellem undervisningens intention og udførelse. in A Qvortrup (ed.), Formålsdrevet undervisning. Dafolo, Frederikshavn, Undervisning og læring, pp. 163-184.

Hammershøj, LG 2019, Lærerens rolle i elevens dannelse. EMU - Danmarks Læringsportal. <https://www.emu.dk/grundskole/paedagogik-og-didaktik/dannelse-i-skolen/lars-geer-hammershoj-laererens-rolle-i-elevens>

Larsen, SN 2019, 'Lærergerningens kunst', Information, pp. 15.

Bjerre, J & Dorf, H 2019, 'Læreruddannelsens vidensgrundlag efter reformen', Studier i læreruddannelse og -profession, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 182-206. <https://tidsskrift.dk/SLP/article/view/117987>

Langager, S , Torre, A , Christrup Kjeldsen, C & Frørup, AK 2019, Lær for livet: de deltagende børn og deres trivselsmæssige udvikling. Aarhus Universitetsforlag, Aarhus. <https://unipress.dk/media/16889/9788772190662_ncs6-laer-for-livet.pdf>

Keiding, TB & Thingholm, HB 2019, Læring gennem konstruktioner. in P Brodersen (ed.), Det lærende menneske: seks tilgange til pædagogisk praksis. Hans Reitzels Forlag, København, pp. 49-72.

Jørgensen, SB 2019, Læser. Tænkepauser - viden til hverdagen, Aarhus Universitetsforlag.

Bremholm, J & Bundsgaard, J 2019, Læsning i PISA 2018. in VT Christensen (ed.), PISA 2018: danske unge i en international sammenligning. VIVE - Viden til velfærd, København, pp. 18-71.

Miller, CB, Parsons, MB, Jamieson, HE, Swindles, GT, Nasser, NA & Galloway, JM 2019, 'Lake-specific controls on the long-term stability of mining-related, legacy arsenic contamination and geochemical baselines in a changing northern environment, Tundra Mine, Northwest Territories, Canada', Applied Geochemistry, vol. 109, 104403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2019.104403

Kristiansen, M & Jensen, M 2019, 'Laktulose kan medføre den sjældne tilstand pnematosis coli', Ugeskrift for Læger.

Santamaria Colmenero, S 2019, La lucha por el significado de la democracia española: análisis crítico del concepto "CT" o Cultura de la Transición. in A-L Bonvallot, A-L Rebreyend & P Roussin (eds), Escribir la democracia: literatura y transiciones democráticas (siglos XX-XXI). Casa de Velázquez, Écoles Francaises a l'étranger, Madrid, pp. 51-65. <https://www.casadevelazquez.org/publications/librairie-en-ligne/livre/escribir-la-democracia/>

Christensen, N 2019, 'La metamorfosis del género en la literatura infantil y juvenil nórdica', La Pieza Secreta. Boletín de literatura infantil y juvenil, vol. 1, pp. 26-27.

Elvekjær Hansen, J, Ronco, T, Stegger, M, Sieber, R, Fertner, ME, Martin, HL, Farre, M, Toft, N, Rhod Larsen, A & Pedersen, K 2019, 'LA-MRSA CC398 in Dairy Cattle and Veal Calf Farms Indicates Spillover From Pig Production', Frontiers in Microbiology, vol. 10. <https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02733>

Stephan, M 2019, 'Lancaster Liminalities: Cli-Fi, Gothecology and The Loney', Paper presented at Nordic Association of English Studies (NAES) - Aarhus, Denmark, 08/05/2019 - 10/05/2019.

Lystbæk, CT 2019, Landkort over læring i ledelse. in P Helth (ed.), Ledelse og læring i praksis. 2 edn, Samfundslitteratur, København, pp. 181-197.

Blicher-Mathiesen, G , Holm, H , Houlborg, T , Rolighed, J , Andersen, HE , Carstensen, MV , Grewy, P , Wienke, J, Hansen, B & Thorling, L 2019, Landovervågningsoplande 2017: NOVANA. Videnskabelig rapport fra DCE - Nationalt Center for Miljø og Energi, no. 305, Aarhus University, DCE - Danish Centre for Environment and Energy. <https://dce2.au.dk/pub/SR305.pdf>

Blicher-Mathiesen, G , Holm, H , Houlborg, T , Rolighed, J , Andersen, HE , Carstensen, MV , Grewy, P , Wienke, J, Hansen, B & Thorling, L 2019, Landovervågningsoplande 2018: NOVANA. Videnskabelig rapport fra DCE - Nationalt Center for Miljø og Energi, no. 352.

Intagliata, EE 2019, 'Landscape Dynamics and Settlement Patterns in Northern Anatolia During the Roman and Byzantine Period', American Journal of Archaeology, vol. 123, no. 2. https://doi.org/10.3764/ajaonline1232.intagliata

Topping, C , Dalby, L & Valdez, J 2019, 'Landscape-scale simulations as a tool in multi-criteria decision making to support agri-environment schemes', Agricultural Systems, vol. 176, 102671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2019.102671

Grand, KL , Kjærboe, R , Krogh, S & Schlosser Schmidt, S 2019, Landskab, folk, flag og grænser: da Danmark blev Danmark i 1800-tallets kunst. in Herfra hvor vi står: 7 udstillinger om national identitet. Glasmuseet Ebeltoft, Ebeltoft , pp. 4-11.

Antwi-Agyei, P, Kpenekuu, F, Hogarh, JN, Obiri-Danso, K, Abaidoo, RC, Jeppesen, E & Andersen, MN 2019, 'Land use and land cover changes in the owabi reservoir catchment, Ghana: Implications for livelihoods and management', Geosciences (Switzerland), vol. 9, no. 7, 286. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9070286

Sørensen, P , Christensen, BT & Børgesen, CD 2019, 'Langtidseffekter på nitratudvaskning af mineralsk kvælstof i tilført gødning (10-års perspektiv)', No. 2019-0015938, 9 p., Dec 02, 2019..

Bakker, P 2019, 'Language contact in the early colonial Pacific. Maritime Polynesian Pidgin before Pidgin English. By Emanuel J. Drechsel', Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 395-399. https://doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.00045.bak

Bohn, O-S 2019, Language in the genes. in The sign of the V: papers in honour of Sten Vikner. AU Library Scholarly Publishing Services, Aarhus, pp. 77-93.

Andersen, EM, Dakwar, J, Nguyen, M , Sørensen, S & Thøgersen, J 2019, 'Language Works 4(1)', Journal of Language Works - Sprogvidenskabeligt Studentertidsskrift, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1-2. <https://tidsskrift.dk/lwo/article/view/115707>

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Andersen, EM, Dakwar, JR, Dalberg, L, Nguyen, M , Sørensen, SS & Thøgersen, J 2019, 'Language Works 4(2)', Journal of Language Works - Sprogvidenskabeligt Studentertidsskrift, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 1-2. <https://tidsskrift.dk/lwo/article/view/117794>

Di Salvo, R, Schimmenti, V & Mannino, M 2019, La paleobiologia degli infanti della Tomba 2 di Polizzello. in R Panvini & L Sole (eds), Nel mondo di Ade: Ideologie, spazi e rituali funerari per l’eterno banchetto (secoli VIII-IV a.C.). 2 edn, Salvatore Sciascia Editore, pp. 337-344, Convegno internazionale, Ragusa-Gela, Italy, 06/06/2010.

Zogovic, S, Anders, B, Andos, S & Mortensen, FV 2019, 'Laparoscopic repair of perforated peptic ulcer is not prognostic factor for 30-day mortality. A nationwide prospective cohort study.', International Journal of Surgery, vol. 72, pp. 47-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2019.10.017

Saxkjær, SG 2019, La pisside globulare bag-shaped. in G Mittica (ed.), Francavilla Marittima: un patrimonio ricontestualizzato. vol. 3., Adhoc Edizioni, Vibo Valentia, pp. 121-124.

Robbe, JR 2019, La place du latin et du vernaculaire dans le movement de la Devotio moderna. in Le discours mystique, entre Moyen Âge et première modernité: tome 1 : la question du langage. Honoré Champion, Paris, pp. 169-183.

Brown, P, RELISH Consortium & Zhou, Y 2019, 'Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search', Database, vol. 2019, 085, pp. 1-67. https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baz085

Møller, AP & Laursen, K 2019, 'Large feet are beneficial for eiders Somateria mollissima', Ecology and Evolution, vol. 9, no. 15, pp. 8580-8586. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5384

Schierhorn, F, Kastner, T, Kuemmerle, T, Meyfroidt, P, Kurganova, I, Prishchepov, AV, Erb, KH, Houghton, RA & Müller, D 2019, 'Large greenhouse gas savings due to changes in the post-Soviet food systems', Environmental Research Letters, vol. 14, no. 6. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab1cf1

Peters, W, Hebblewhite, M, Mysterud, A, Eacker, D, Hewison, AJM, Linnell, JDC, Focardi, S, Urbano, F, De Groeve, J, Gehr, B, Heurich, M, Jarnemo, A, Kjellander, P, Kröschel, M, Morellet, N, Pedrotti, L, Reinecke, H, Sandfort, R, Sönnichsen, L, Sunde, P & Cagnacci, F 2019, 'Large herbivore migration plasticity along environmental gradients in Europe: life-history traits modulate forage effects', Oikos, vol. 128, no. 3, pp. 416-429. https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.05588

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