Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

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Jørgensen, ACS, Weiss, A, Angelou, G & Aguirre, VS 2019, 'Mending the structural surface effect of 1D stellar structure models with non-solar metallicities based on interpolated 3D envelopes', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 484, no. 4, pp. 5551-5567. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz337

Pedersen, VK 2019, 'Men hvor gammelt er det?', Weekendavisen.

Storgaard, M 2019, 'Mening og magt i skoleledelse: konstruktioner af styring i højtpræsterende skoler i et internationalt komparativt perspektiv'.

Hansen, BB 2019, 'Menneske fra sted', Dagbladet Information.

Nielsen, TK , Andersen, C , Kratschmer, AR & Clasen, M (eds) 2019, Menneske, kultur, evolution: Et biokulturelt perspektiv. Aarhus Universitetsforlag, Aarhus.

Kristiansen, SM , Ljungberg, T , Christiansen, TT , Dalsgaard, K , Haue, N, Kroon, A & Nielsen, BH 2019, 'Mennesker, bosættelser og græsning: 3000 års kystudvikling i det centrale Limfjordsområde', Organisationen af Danske Museer (ODM), Vejle, Denmark, 06/11/2019 - 07/11/2019. <https://www.dkmuseer.dk/sites/default/files/dokumenter/arrangementer/FagligtOrientering/2019/OVERSIGTSPROGRAM%202019_1.pdf>

Schanz, H-J 2019, Menneskerettigheder. 2 edn, Lindhardt & Ringhof, København.

Kristensen, MB 2019, Mennesker med hoved-halskræft har store problemer med at spise. De mister glæden ved mad og savner livskvalitet. in A Rasmussen, KS Ustrup, AF Haastrup & A-D Zwisler (eds), MAD, MÅLTIDER & LIVSKVALITET: Ernæringsrehabilitering til mennesker med livstruende sygdom. REHPA, Videncenter for Rehabilitering og Pallation, pp. 6-9. <https://www.rehpa.dk/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Rehpa_foodlab_screen_021019.pdf>

Andersen, C , Kratschmer, AR , Clasen, M & Nielsen, TK 2019, Mennesket i biokulturelt perspektiv. in T Kellberg Nielsen, C Andersen, AR Kratschmer & M Clasen (eds), Menneske, kultur, evolution: et biokulturelt perspektiv. Aarhus Universitetsforlag, Aarhus , pp. 11-32.

Gregersen, AB 2019, 'Menneskets kamp om sig selv: David Budtz Pedersen, Finn Collin & Frederik Stjernfelt (red.) - Kampen om mennesket', Filosofiske Anmeldelser, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 42-46.

Hejná, M 2019, Menstrual cycle effects on phonatory aspects of sustained vowels: it’s also about the offset (but not the onset). in O Niebuhr, J Neitsch, S Berger, K Fischer, J Michalsky, S Eisenberger & M Jelínek (eds), Proceedings of the 1st International Seminar on the Foundation of Speech - Pausing, Breathing and Voice. 1 edn, Sciendo, pp. 36-37. <https://medialib.cmcdn.dk/medialibrary/80234312-1C55-406C-86A7-410099EB2739/28401F6C-3147-EC11-84AB-00155D0B0901.pdf>

Momen, N , Ernst, A , Arendt, LH , Olsen, J , Li, J, Gissler, M & Ramlau-Hansen, C 2019, 'Mental and behavioural disorders in the children of mothers diagnosed with cancer: a Danish population-based register study', Psycho-Oncology, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 408-414. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.4958

Lerbæk, B, Jørgensen, R , Aagaard, J, Nordgaard, J & Buus, N 2019, 'Mental health care professionals' accounts of actions and responsibilities related to managing physical health among people with severe mental illness', Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 174-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2018.11.006

Niclasen, J , Lund, L , Obel, C & Larsen, L 2019, 'Mental health interventions among older adults: a systematic review', Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 240-250. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494818773530

Parnas, J, Sandsten, KE, Vestergaard, CH & Nordgaard, J 2019, 'Mental illness among relatives of successful academics: implications for psychopathology-creativity research', World Psychiatry, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 362-363. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20682

Nielsen, S, Larsen, LB, Stec, K & Simon, A 2019, Mental Models of Loudspeaker Directivity. in Proceedings of the 14th International Audio Mostly Conference: A Journey in Sound, AM 2019. Association for Computing Machinery, Nottingham, United Kingdom, pp. 260-263, Audio Mostly, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 18/09/2019. https://doi.org/10.1145/3356590.3356633

Nørøxe, KB , Vedsted, P , Bro, F , Carlsen, AH & Pedersen, AF 2019, 'Mental well-being and job satisfaction in general practitioners in Denmark and their patients' change of general practitioner: A cohort study combining survey data and register data', BMJ Open, vol. 9, no. 11, e030142. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030142

Nørøxe, KB , Pedersen, AF , Carlsen, AH , Bro, F & Vedsted, P 2019, 'Mental well-being, job satisfaction and self-rated workability in general practitioners and hospitalisations for ambulatory care sensitive conditions among listed patients: A cohort study combining survey data on GPs and register data on patients', BMJ Quality and Safety, vol. 28, no. 12, pp. 997-1006. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2018-009039

Jones, MT, Percival, LME, Stokke, EW, Frieling, J, Mather, TA, Riber, L, Schubert, BA, Schultz, B, Tegner, C, Planke, S & Svensen, HH 2019, 'Mercury anomalies across the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum', Climate of the Past, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 217-236. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-217-2019

Schjødt, JP 2019, Mercury-Wotan-Ódhinn: one or many? in K Wikström af Edholm , P Jackson Rova, A Nordberg, O Sundqvist & T Zachrisson (eds), Myth, Materiality, and Lived Religion : in Merovingian and Viking Scandinavia. Stockholm University Press, Stockholm, Stockholm studies in comparative religion, no. 40, pp. 59-81. https://doi.org/10.16993/bay

Nissen, M, Raffnsøe, S & Staunæs, D 2019, Mere end en motiverende samtale: eksperimenter med motiverende æstetik. in K Kousholt, JB Krejsler & M Nissen (eds), At skulle ville – Om motivationsarbejde og motivationens tilblivelse og effekter. Samfundslitteratur, Frederiksberg, pp. 201-227.

Tonnesen, M 2019, Mere liv i gamles hverdag - velfærdsteknologi til hverdagsbrug - en afprøvning at livsorienteret teknologivurdering (LTV). 1 edn, Defactum. <https://www.defactum.dk/medarbejdere/showPublication?publicationId=750&pageId=309982>

Tyagi, K 2019, 'Merger control in the telecom industry: a landscape transformed', Journal of Business Strategy, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 3-9. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBS-10-2018-0173

Christensen, TS, Bülow, MW, Vejlstrup, K (ed.), Faber Timm, C, Brunvold, M, Reinholt Lerche, N & Finjord Højberg, T 2019, Merkantil fagdidaktik. Systime, Aarhus. <https://merkantilfagdidaktik.systime.dk/>

Hansen, BB 2019, 'Merværdi og overvågning', Dagbladet Information.

Sierra-Parraga, JM , Munk, A , Schmidt Andersen, C , Lohmann, S, Moers, C, Baan, CC, Ploeg, R, Pool, M, Krarup Keller, A , Møller, B, Leuvenink, H, Hoogduijn, MJ, Jespersen, B & Eijken, M 2019, 'Mesenchymal stromal cells are retained in the porcine renal cortex independently of their metabolic state after renal intra-arterial infusion', Stem Cells and Development, vol. 28, no. 18, pp. 1224-1235. https://doi.org/10.1089/scd.2019.0105

Gounani, Z, Asadollahi, MA, Pedersen, JN , Lyngsø, J , Pedersen, JS, Arpanaei, A & Meyer, RL 2019, 'Mesoporous silica nanoparticles carrying multiple antibiotics provide enhanced synergistic effect and improved biocompatibility', Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, vol. 175, pp. 498-508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.12.035

Temdee, P, Prasad, NR, Dlodlo, M, Lindgren, P & Chandra, A 2019, 'Message from Technical Program Committee', International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications, WPMC, vol. 2018-November, 8712873, pp. xviii. https://doi.org/10.1109/WPMC.2018.8712873

Gabbard, JL, Grubert, J, Hu, S & Zollmann, S 2019, 'Message from the ISMAR 2018 science and technology program chairs', Proceedings - 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality, ISMAR 2019, pp. XVI-XVII. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISMAR.2019.00007

Gabbard, JL, Grubert, J, Hu, S & Zollmann, S 2019, 'Message from the ISMAR 2019 science and technology program chairs and TVCG guest editors', Proceedings - 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality, ISMAR 2019, pp. XIV-XV. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISMAR.2019.00006

Gabbard, JL, Grubert, J, Hu, S & Zollmann, S 2019, 'Message from the ISMAR 2019 Science and Technology Program Chairs and TVCG Guest Editors', IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, vol. 25, no. 11, 8855105, pp. 3050-3051. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2019.2934813

Skyggebjerg, AK 2019, 'Messe for børnebogen: Det internationale marked for børnelitteratur rummer i sin kommercielle idealisme alt fra Disney-prinsesser til flamsk poesi', Weekendavisen, vol. Bøger, pp. 14-15.

Lønstrup, A 2019, 'Mesteren og den benovede lærling: Birgit: Från Västra Karup till Metropolitan.', PubliMus. <http://www.publimus.dk/anmeldelse-af-birgit/>

Marshall, IPG , Burdorf, L & Schramm, A 2019, 'Meta-analysis of cable bacteria and their associates in existing next-generation sequencing datasets: cables are everywhere', Electromicrobiology 2019, Aarhus, Denmark, 21/03/2019 - 22/03/2019.

Lona-Durazo, F, Hernandez-Pacheco, N, Fan, S, Zhang, T, Choi, J, Kovacs, MA, Loftus, SK, Le, P, Edwards, M, Fortes-Lima, CA, Eng, C, Huntsman, S, Hu, D, Gómez-Cabezas, EJ, Marín-Padrón, LC, Grauholm, J, Mors, O, Burchard, EG, Norton, HL, Pavan, WJ, Brown, KM, Tishkoff, S, Pino-Yanes, M, Beleza, S, Marcheco-Teruel, B & Parra, EJ 2019, 'Meta-analysis of GWA studies provides new insights on the genetic architecture of skin pigmentation in recently admixed populations', BMC Genetics, vol. 20, no. 1, 59, pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12863-019-0765-5

Albieri, V, Olesen, TB, Sand, FL, Rasmussen, CL, Toft, BG, Norrild, B, Munk, C & Kjaer, SK 2019, 'Meta-analysis of penile cancer: conceptual interpretations - Authors' reply', The Lancet Oncology, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. e126. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30108-1

Bundgård, AM, James, AM, Gruszczyk, AV, Martin, J, Murphy, MP & Fago, A 2019, 'Metabolic adaptations during extreme anoxia in the turtle heart and their implications for ischemia-reperfusion injury', Scientific Reports, vol. 9, no. 1, 2850. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-39836-5

ElKhoury, M, Chenon, G, Griffiths, AD, Baudry, J & Eyer, K 2019, Metabolic characterization of individual IGG-secreting cells. in 23rd International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2019. Chemical and Biological Microsystems Society, pp. 22-23, 23rd International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2019, Basel, Switzerland, 27/10/2019.

Wang, Z , Nielsen, PM , Laustsen, C & Bertelsen, LB 2019, 'Metabolic consequences of lactate dehydrogenase inhibition by oxamate in hyperglycemic proximal tubular cells', Experimental Cell Research, vol. 378, no. 1, pp. 51-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.03.001

Laursen, TL, Siggard, CB, Kazankov, K , Sandahl, TD , Moller, HJ , Kristensen, LH , Tarp, B , Laursen, A & Gronbaek, H 2019, 'Metabolic liver function improves 12 weeks after successful sofosbuvir-based direct-acting antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C and advanced liver disease', International Liver Congress / 54th Annual Meeting of the European-Association-for-the-Study-of-the-Liver (EASL), Vienna, Austria, 10/04/2019 - 14/04/2019 pp. E738-E738.

Glock, N, Roy, AS, Romero, D, Wein, T, Weissenbach, J, Revsbech, NP , Høgslund, S, Clemens, D, Sommer, S & Dagan, T 2019, 'Metabolic preference of nitrate over oxygen as an electron acceptor in Foraminifera from the Peruvian oxygen minimum zone', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), vol. 116, no. 8, pp. 2860-2865. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1813887116

Rinschen, MM, Palygin, O, Guijas, C, Palermo, A, Palacio-Escat, N, Domingo-Almenara, X, Montenegro-Burke, R, Saez-Rodriguez, J, Staruschenko, A & Siuzdak, G 2019, 'Metabolic rewiring of the hypertensive kidney', Science Signaling, vol. 12, no. 611, eaax9760. https://doi.org/10.1126/scisignal.aax9760

Nascimento, GG , Leite, FRM, Peres, KG, Demarco, FF, Corrêa, MB & Peres, MA 2019, 'Metabolic syndrome and periodontitis: A structural equation modeling approach', Journal of Periodontology, vol. 90, no. 6, pp. 655-662. https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.18-0483

Hu, L, Che, L, Wu, C, Curtasu, MV, Wu, F, Fang, Z, Lin, Y, Xu, S, Feng, B, Li, J, Zhuo, Y, Theil, PK & Wu, D 2019, 'Metabolomic profiling reveals the difference on reproductive performance between high and low lactational weight loss sows', Metabolites, vol. 9, no. 12, 295. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo9120295

Wang, X & Kadarmideen, HN 2019, 'Metabolomics Analyses in High-Low Feed Efficient Dairy Cows Reveal Novel Biochemical Mechanisms and Predictive Biomarkers', Metabolites, vol. 9, no. 7, 151. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo9070151

Jääskeläinen, E, Jakobsen, LMA, Hultman, J, Eggers, N , Bertram, HCS & Björkroth, J 2019, 'Metabolomics and bacterial diversity of packaged yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) and salmon (Salmo salar) show fish species-specific spoilage development during chilled storage', International Journal of Food Microbiology, vol. 293, pp. 44-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.12.021

Hooshmand, K , Kudjordjie, EN , Sapkota, R, Shen, T, Fiehn, O, Nicolaisen, M & Fomsgaard, IS 2019, 'Metabolomics studies of rhizosphere metabolites from 26 accession of Arabidopsis thaliana involved in plant interaction with rhizosphere microorganisms', 15th Annual Conference of the Metabolomics Society, The Hague, Netherlands, 23/06/2019 - 27/06/2019.

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Nørgaard, HW & Vestergaard, C 2019, Metallurgiens oprindelse og udvikling. in O Høiris & PKA Jensen (eds), Evolutionens menneske og menneskets evolution. Aarhus Universitetsforlag, Aarhus, pp. 391-413.

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