Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

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Nielsen, HS 2003, 'Opgørelse af kønsforskelle i ledigheden hos nyuddannede: Debat og kommentarer', Nationaløkonomisk Tidsskrift, vol. 141, no. 4, pp. 243-259.

Bentzen, JB , Smith, V & Dilling-Hansen, M 2003, Opgørelse af omfanget af EU-midler til Århus-regionen. Århus Kommunes Bruxelles-kontor, Bruxelles.

Bentzen, JB , Smith, V & Dilling-Hansen, M 2003, Opgørelse af omfanget af EU-midler til Århus-regionen. Århus Kommune, Århus.

Hansen, JLS, Josefson, AB & Carstensen, J 2003, Opgørelse af skadevirkninger på bundfaunaen efter iltsvindet i 2002 i de indre danske farvande. Faglig rapport fra DMU, vol. 456, Danmarks Miljøundersøgelser, Aarhus Universitet. <http://www.dmu.dk/1_viden/2_Publikationer/3_fagrapporter/rapporter/FR456.pdf>

Dilling-Hansen, M, Bentzen, J & Smith, V 2003, Opgørelse over omfanget af EU-midler til Århus-regionen. Århus Kommunes Bruxelles-kontor.

Hasselbalch, O 2003, Opgøret med indvandringspolitikken - en personlig beretning. Holkenfeldt 3, Kbh.

Ringgaard, D , Iversen, S & Nielsen, HS 2003, Ophold: Giorgio Agambens litteraturfilosofi. Akademisk Forlag, København.

Nielsen, JI 2003, 'Ophuls og kærlighedskarussellen', 16:9.

Andersson, HC, Bartsch, D, Buhk, H-J, Davies, H, Loose, MD, Gasson, M, Hendriksen, NB, Hill, C, Kärenlampi, S, Kryspin-Sørensen, I, Kuiper, H, Nuti, M, O'Gara, F, Puigdomenech, P, Sakellaris, G, Schiemann, J, Seinen, W, Sessitsch, A, Sweet, J, van Elsas, JD & Wal, J-M 2003, 'Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms on a question from the Commission related to the Austrian notification of national legislation governing GMOs under article 95(5) of the Treaty', EFSA Journal, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 1-5. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2004.1

Andersson, HC, Bartsch, D, Buhk, H-J, Davies, H, De Loose, M, Gasson, M, Hendriksen, NB, Hill, C, Kärenlampi, S, Kryspin-Sørensen, I, Kuiper, H, Nuti, M, O'Gara, F, Puigdomenech, P, Sakellaris, G, Schiemann, J, Seinen, W, Sessitsch, A, Sweet, J, van Elsas, JD & Wal, J-M 2003, 'Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms on a request from the Commission related to guidance notes supplementing Part B of Annex II to Council Directive 90/219/EEC, as amended by Directive 98/81/EC, on the contained use of genetically modified micro-organisms: Opinion adopted on 11 December 2003', EFSA Journal, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2004.18

Andersson, HC, Bartsch, D, Buhk, H-J, Davies, H, Loose, MD, Gasson, M, Hendriksen, NB, Hill, C, Kärenlampi, S, Kryspin-Sørensen, I, Kuiper, H, Nuti, M, O'Gara, F, Puigdomenech, P, Sakellaris, G, Schiemann, J, Seinen, W, Sessitsch, A, Sweet, J, van Elsas, JD & Wal, J-M 2003, 'Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms on a request from the Commission related to the Notification (Reference CE/ES/00/01) for the placing on the market of herbicide-tolerant genetically modified maize NK603, for import and processing, under Part C of Directive 2001/18/EC from Monsanto: Opinion adopted on 25 November 2003', EFSA Journal, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2007.10

Andersson, HC, Bartsch, D, Buhk, H-J, Davies, H, Loose, MD, Gasson, M, Hendriksen, NB, Hill, C, Kärenlampi, S, Kryspin-Sørensen, I, Kuiper, H, Nuti, M, O'Gara, F, Puigdomenech, P, Sakellaris, G, Schiemann, J, Seinen, W, Sessitsch, A, Sweet, J, van Elsas, J-D & Wal, J-M 2003, 'Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms on a request from the Commission related to the safety of foods and food ingredients derived from herbicide-tolerant genetically modified maize NK603, for which a request for placing on the market was submitted under Article 4 of the Novel Food Regulation (EC) No 258/97 by Monsanto: Opinion adopted on 25 November 2003', EFSA Journal, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2004.9

Wernberg, M 2003, Opioider. in Lægemiddelkataloget. pp. 396-399.

Møller, L 2003, 'Opium: Den romantiske opiumsmyte hos S. T. Coleridge og Thomas De Quincey', Passage, no. 46, pp. 34-43.

Brænder, M 2003, 'Opium for hvem? Hellig krig som forestillet realitet', TOTEM, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 107-127.

Haugsted, M 2003, 'Oplevelse af indlevelse?', Ikke-valideret tidsskrift.

Flensborg, I 2003, Oplevelse, følelse og form: -flow som angrebsvinkel. Heine Sand Kristensen, Odense, skolemedia.

Brinkmann, S & Eriksen, C 2003, Oplevelsernes tid. in B Christensen & A Schnedler (eds), Årsskrift. Ribe Statsseminarium. Ribe Statsseminarium, Ribe, pp. 10-25.

Garsdal, J 2003, 'Oplysning og frelse, kærlighed og sampassion, negativitet og død: - et sammenlignende studie i dele af Hegel's, Tanabe's og Takeuchis's religionsfilosofi med enkelte sideblik på Kierkegaard's tænkning', Aalborg : Center for Filosofi og Videnskabsteori, Aalborg Universitet.

Nielsen, PE & Cepoi, C (ed.) 2003, Opportunities and difficulties in Assessing the Impact of Training Programs. in Impact Indicators: Making a Difference. Independent Journalism Centre, Chisinau, Chisinau, Moldova, pp. 7-7.

Lindenskov, L & Hermeler, B 2003, Opportunities and Risks in Exchange across Borders. in Policies and Practices for Adults Learning Mathematics: Opportunities and Risks, The 8th International Conference on Adults Learning Mathematics. Kings College with Adults Learning Mathematics - a Research Forum, London: Uxbridge University, pp. 214-220.

Pedersen, JC 2003, 'Oprydning efter produktion af nervegas i Rusland', DMU Nyt, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 3. <http://www.dmu.dk/1_viden/2_Publikationer/3_dmunyt/2003-4/Oprydning%20Rusland.asp>

Bek, T 2003, 'Opsporing af diabetisk retinopati ved type 2 diabetes', Tidsskrift for Diabetesbehandling, no. 17, pp. 36-38.

Andersen, PE, Thrane, L, Bjerring, P, Hougaard, JL & Hansen, PR 2003, 'Optical coherence tomography', Ugeskrift for Læger, vol. 165, no. 15, pp. 1546-1550.

Gunnlaugsson, HP, Jensen, J, Kinch, K, Merrison, J, Madsen, MB, Nørnberg, P , Rasmussen, KR, Walgren, H & Weyer, G 2003 'Optical detection of Magnetic and Electrically charged dust particles on Mars' Abstract #3044 edn, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, pp. 0-0.

Jakobsson, M, Backman, J, Murray, A & Løville, R 2003, 'Optically stimulated luminescence dating supports central Arctic Ocean cm-scale sedimentation rates', Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, vol. 4, pp. 1016-1027.

Holland, ST, Weidinger, M, Fynbo, JPU, Gorosabel, J, Hjorth, J, Pedersen, K, Méndez Alvarez, J, Augusteijn, T, Castro Cerón, JM, Castro-Tirado, A, Dahle, H, Egholm, MP, Jakobsson, P, Jensen, BL, Levan, A, Moeller, P, Pedersen, H, Pursimo, T, Ruiz-Lapuente, P & Thomsen, B 2003, 'Optical photometry of GRB 021004: The first month', The Astronomical Journal, vol. 125, pp. 2291-2298.

Pedersen, K, Kristensen, PK, Rafaelsen, J, Skivesen, N, Pedersen, TG, Morgen, P, Li, Z & Hoffmann, SV 2003, 'Optical second-harmonic generation and photoemission from Al quantum wells on Si(111) 7 X 7', Thin Solid Films, vol. 443, pp. 78.

Arge, LA & Vitter, JS 2003, 'Optimal External Memory Interval Management', S I A M Journal on Computing, vol. 32, Issue 6, pp. 1488-1508. https://doi.org/10.1137/S009753970240481X

Brodal, GS, Lagogiannis, G, Makris, C, Tsakalidis, A & Tsichlas, K 2003, 'Optimal Finger Search Trees in the Pointer Machine', Journal of Computer and System Sciences, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 381-418. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0000(03)00013-8

Laursen, M , Christensen, FB , Bünger, C & Lind, M 2003, 'Optimal handling of fresh cancellous bone graf: Different peroperative storing techniques evaluated by in-vitro osteoblast-like cell metabolism', Acta Orthopaedica (Print Edition), vol. 74, pp. 490-496.

Laursen, M , Christensen, FB , Bünger, C & Lind, M 2003, 'Optimal handling of fresh cancellous bone graft: different peroperative storing techniques evaluated by in vitro osteoblast-like cell metabolism', Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica, vol. 74, no. 4, pp. 490-6. https://doi.org/10.1080/00016470310017848

Gislum, R & Kristensen, K 2003, 'Optimal kvælstofmængde er afhængig af sort', Agrologisk, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 13.

Rasmussen, MD 2003, 'Optimal malkning af den højtydende ko', Bovilogisk, vol. 2003, no. juni, pp. 12-14.

Juul, N , Cold, G , Tankisi, A & Rasmussen, M 2003, 'Optimal reverse Trendelenburg position during craniotomy for cerebral tumours in patients anaesthetized with propofol/fentanyl or propofol/remifentanil', Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, vol. 47.

Eldblom, C, Maddox-Hyttel, C & Enemark, HL 2003, Optimisation and validation of a method for detection of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in drinking water. Danish Environmental Protection Agency.

Palmfeldt, J, Rådström, P & Hahn-Hägerdal, B 2003, 'Optimisation of initial cell concentration enhances freeze-drying tolerance of Pseudomonas chlororaphis.', Cryobiology, vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 21-9.

Børgesen, CD & Heidmann, T 2003, Optimisation of nitrogen application rates based on daisy simulated nitrate leaching. in Proceedings of the Seminar on Implementation of Precision Farming in Practical Agriculture. pp. 170-176, Optimisation of nitrogen application rates based on daisy simulated nitrate leaching, Skara, Sweden, 18/12/2010.

Hansen, J , Jurik, AG , Fiirgaard, B & Egund, N 2003, 'Optimisation of scoliosis examinations in children', Pediatr Radiol, vol. 33, no. 11, pp. 752-765.

Hansen, J, Jurik, AG, Fiirgaard, B & Egund, N 2003, 'Optimisation of Scoliosis Examinations in Children', Pediatr Radiol, vol. 33, pp. 752-765.

Thorup-Kristensen, K 2003, Optimising nutrition in organic tomato production. in HDC/HRIA/BTGA Tomato Conference 2003. pp. 14-15, Optimising nutrition in organic tomato production, 02/10/2003.

Eskildsen, JK & Kristensen, K 2003, Optimizing Job Satisfaction - Does Performance Influence Importance. in Ikke angivet. University of Minho, pp. s. 43-48, First International Conference on Business Excellence, Performance Measures, Benchmarking and Best Practice in New Economy, Portugal, 10/06/2003.

Nicolato, E & Venardos, E 2003, 'Option Pricing in Stochastic Volatility Models of the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type', Mathematical Finance, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 445-466.

Jørgensen, PL & Bechmann, KL 2003, 'Optionsaflønning breder sig uoverskueligt', Aktionæren, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 20-21.

Bechmann, KL & Jørgensen, PL 2003, 'Optionsaflønning breder sig uoverskueligt', Aktionæren, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 20-21.

Jørgensen, PL & Bechmann, KL 2003, 'Optionsaflønning i danske børsnoterede selskaber', Nationaløkonomisk Tidsskrift, vol. 141, no. 1, pp. 68-88.

Bechmann, KL & Jørgensen, PL 2003, 'Optionsaflønning i danske børsnoterede selskaber', Nationaløkonomisk Tidsskrift, vol. 141, no. 1, pp. 68-88.

Maindal, HT & Nielsen, C 2003, ' Oraklet har talt. Debat.', Sygeplejersken, vol. 103, no. 5, pp. 16-17.

Kollberg, H, Carlander, D, Olesen, HV, Wejåker, P-E, Johannesson, M & Larsson, A 2003, 'Oral administration of specific yolk antibodies (IgY) may prevent Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in patients with cystic fibrosis: a phase I feasibility study', Pediatric Pulmonology, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 433-40. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.10290

Svensson, J, Monson, JP, Vetter, T, Hansen, TK, Savine, R, Kann, P, Bex, M, Reincke, M, Hagen, C, Beckers, A, Ilondo, MM, Zdravkovic, M, Bengtsson, BA, Korbonits, M & nullClinicalResearchGroup, NN 2003, 'Oral administration of the growth hormone secretagogue NN703 in adult patients with growth hormone deficiency', Clinical Endocrinology, vol. 58, no. 5, pp. 572-580.

Displaying results 328701 to 328750 out of 389671

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Revised 08.12.2025

Lise Refstrup Linnebjerg Pedersen