Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

Sort by: Date | Author | Title

Liu, L, Helbling, DE, Kohler, H-PE & Smets, BF 2019, 'Modelling carbofuran biotransformation by: Novosphingobium sp. KN65.2 in the presence of coincidental carbon and indigenous microbes', Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 798-807. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ew00929e

Schwemmer, P, Volmer, H, Enners, L, Reimers, HC, Binder, K, Horn, S, Adler, S, Fox, AD & Garthe, S 2019, 'Modelling distribution of common scoter (Melanitta nigra) by its predominant prey, the American razor clam (Ensis leei) and hydrodynamic parameters', Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, vol. 225, 106260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2019.106260

Liu, W 2019, 'Modelling interactions between groundwater and surface water at catchment-scale influenced by groundwater abstractions and climate change'. https://doi.org/10.7146/aul.387

Kamp, A, Ambye-Jensen, M & Østergård, H 2019, 'Modelling matter and energy flows of local, refined grass-clover protein feed as alternative to imported soy meal', Ecological Modelling, vol. 410, 108738, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2019.108738

Hernandez, VM , Wahid, R , Ward, AJ & Møller, HB 2019, 'Modelling methane emission mitigation by anaerobic digestion: effect of storage conditions and co-digestion', Environmental Technology, vol. 40, no. 20, pp. 2633-2642. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2018.1447999

Pastor Rollan, A , Maar, M , Larsen, J, Saurel, C & Petersen, JK 2019, 'Modelling mussel larval distribution for optimal site selections of mussel farming', 20. Danske Havforskermøde, Odense, Denmark, 23/01/2019 - 25/01/2019. <https://www.dhm2019.dk/>

Pastor Rollan, A , Maar, M, Saurel, C, Larsen, J & Petersen, JK 2019, Modelling mussel larval distribution for optimal site selections of mussel farming. in Aquaculture Europe 2019, Berlin: Our Future Growing from Water. Berlin, pp. 1122, Aquaculture Europe 2019, Berlin, Germany, 07/10/2019. <https://www.aquaeas.eu/images/stories/Meetings/AE2019/AE19_Abstracts_FINAL_Nov_29_web.pdf>

Pastor Rollan, A 2019, 'Modelling mussel larval distribution for optimal site selections of mussel farming', 5th International Marine Connectivity Conference, Aveiro, Portugal, 23/09/2019 - 25/09/2019.

Pastor Rollan, A , Maar, M , Larsen, J, Saurel, C & Petersen, JK 2019, 'MODELLING MUSSEL LARVAL DISTRIBUTION FOR OPTIMAL SITE SELECTIONS OF MUSSEL FARMING', Aquaculture Europe 2019, Berlin, Germany, 07/10/2019 - 10/10/2019.

Ketzel, M , Im, U , Christensen, JH , Frohn, LM , Nielsen, O-K , Plejdrup, MS , Jensen, SS , Massling, A , Hertel, O , Brandt, J, van der Gon, HD, Manders-Groot, A & Raaschou-Nielsen, O 2019, 'Modelling of particle number concentrations for exposure estimates at regional and street levels in Denmark', 19th International Conference on Harmonisation within Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling for Regulatory Purposes , Bruges, Belgium, 03/06/2019 - 06/06/2019.

Rasmussen, AB 2019, 'Modelling of reinforced concrete in the serviceability limit state: A study of cracking, stiffness and deflection in flexural members'. https://doi.org/10.7146/aul.329.223

Sanchez, EML, Pedersen, TH & Rosendahl, L 2019, 'Modelling of the integration of HTL with CCS for the production of drop-in biofuels', 27th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition (EUBCE 2019), Lisbon, Portugal, 27/05/2019 - 30/05/2019.

Cairns, AJG, Kallestrup-Lamb, M , Rosenskjold, C, Blake, D & Dowd, K 2019, 'Modelling socio-economic differences in mortality using a new affluence index', ASTIN Bulletin, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 555-590. https://doi.org/10.1017/asb.2019.14

Grombacher, D 2019, 'Modelling surface NMR spin-echo experiments in a heterogeneous B₁ field', Geophysical Journal International, vol. 219, no. 2, pp. 1395-1404. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz388

Sauermann, CW, Nielsen, MK, Luo, D & Leathwick, DM 2019, 'Modelling the development of anthelmintic resistance in cyathostomin parasites: The importance of genetic and fitness parameters', Veterinary Parasitology, vol. 269, pp. 28-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2019.04.007

Liu, W, An, W, Jeppesen, E, Ma, J, Yang, M & Trolle, D 2019, 'Modelling the fate and transport of Cryptosporidium, a zoonotic and waterborne pathogen, in the Daning River watershed of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, China', Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 232, pp. 462-474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.10.064

Beatini, V, Royer-Carfagni, G & Tasora, A 2019, 'Modelling the shear failure of segmental arches.', International Journal of Solids and Structures, vol. 158, pp. 21-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2018.08.023

Wejse, C, Ragonnet, R, McBryde, ES & Trauer, JM 2019, 'Modelling tuberculosis control priorities: more of the same will not do', The Lancet Global Health, vol. 7, no. 10, pp. e1319. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30286-4

Frohn, LM , Ketzel, M , Christensen, JH , Im, U , Jensen, SS , Brandt, J, Denier van der Gon, H, Manders-Groot, A & Raaschou-Nielsen, O 2019, 'Modelling ultrafine particle concentrations: implementation of the M7 aerosol module in the Danish Eulerian Hemispheric Model (DEHM)', 27th GLOREAM Workshop, Norrköping, Sweden, 01/04/2019 - 03/04/2019.

Valencia Alvear, VH 2019, 'Modelling urban background air pollution in Quito, Ecuador', 19th International Conference on Harmonisation within Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling for Regulatory Purposes , Bruges, Belgium, 03/06/2019 - 06/06/2019.

Vafamand, N, Boudjadar, J & Khooban, MH 2019, 'Model Predictive Control for Energy Management in Hybrid Ferry Grids', Paper presented at The 6th International Conference on Power and Energy Systems Engineering, Okinawa, Japan, 20/09/2019 - 23/09/2019.

Berenguer-Rico, V, Johansen, S & Nielsen, B 2019 'Models where the Least Trimmed Squares and Least Median of Squares estimators are maximum likelihood' CREATES Research Paper, no. 2019/15, Institut for Økonomi, Aarhus Universitet, Aarhus.

Heidaritabar, M, Bijma, P, Janss, L, Bortoluzzi, C, Nielsen, HM , Madsen, P, Ask, B & Christensen, OF 2019, 'Models with indirect genetic effects depending on group sizes: a simulation study assessing the precision of the estimates of the dilution parameter', Genetics Selection Evolution, vol. 51, no. 1, 24, pp. 24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12711-019-0466-6

Amado, C, Silvennoinen, A & Terasvirta, T 2019, Models with Multiplicative Decomposition of Conditional Variances and Correlations. in J Chevallier, S Goutte, D Guerreiro, S Saglio & B Sanjahi (eds), Financial Mathematics, Volatility and Covariance Modelling. vol. 2, Routledge, pp. 217-260.

Pullens, JWM , Olesen, JE & Grøn Sørensen, C 2019, 'Model til udarbejdelse af en prognose for høstdatoer', No. 2019-760-001085, 2 p., Sept 25, 2019.. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108085

Kienzler, A, Connors, KA, Bonnell, M, Barron, MG, Beasley, A, Inglis, CG, Norberg-King, TJ, Martin, T, Sanderson, H, Vallotton, N, Wilson, P & Embry, MR 2019, 'Mode of Action Classifications in the EnviroTox Database: Development and Implementation of a Consensus MOA Classification', Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, vol. 38, no. 10, pp. 2294-2304. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.4531

Hjorth, S, Kirkegaard, H, Olsen, J, Thornton, JG & Nohr, EA 2019, 'Mode of birth and long-term sexual health: a follow-up study of mothers in the Danish National Birth Cohort', BMJ Open, vol. 9, no. 11, e029517. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029517

Pedersen, KK, Cheng, AJ, Westerblad, H, Olesen, JH & Overgaard, K 2019, 'Moderately elevated extracellular [K⁺] potentiates submaximal force and power in skeletal muscle via increased [Ca²⁺]_i during contractions', American journal of physiology. Cell physiology, vol. 317, no. 5, pp. C900-C909. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00104.2019

Jakobsen, RP, Nielsen, TH, Mølstrøm, S, Nordström, C-H, Granfeldt, A & Toft, P 2019, 'Moderately prolonged permissive hypotension results in reversible metabolic perturbation evaluated by intracerebral microdialysis - an experimental animal study', Intensive Care Medicine Experimental, vol. 7, no. 1, 67. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40635-019-0282-x

Cui, L, Fang, Z, Liu, Y, Chen, M, Yin, C, Wang, J, Wang, Z , Dong, M , Kang, S & Liu, P 2019, 'Moderate NaNO ₂ etching enables easy crystallinity optimization of g-C ₃ N ₄ with superior photoreduction performance', Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 1304-1311. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9qi00113a

Schulz-Forberg, H 2019, Modern economic thought and the 'good society'. in PE Gordon & W Breckman (eds), The Twentieth Century: volume 2, the twentieth century. vol. 2, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 361-390.

Larsen, P 2019, 'Moderne stater er nødt til at opføre sig hyklerisk', Dagbladet Information.

Olesen, MG 2019, 'Modernitetens sine qua non: Islamisk middelalderfilosofi og moderne reformisme', Slagmark: tidsskrift for idéhistorie , vol. 79, 5, pp. 63-75.

Gregersen, AB 2019, 'Modernitetens stopklods: Claus Bryld : Edmund Burke - konservatismens profet', Filosofiske Anmeldelser, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 9-14.

Bugge, D & Hermann, A (eds) 2019, Moder, søster, elskte: frelsende kvindeskikkelser i dansk litteratur. Eksistensen Akademisk, København.

Schrøder, I 2019, 'Modes of timing and spacing professional decisions: On the relationship between costing and caring in child protection work', Financial Accountability & Management, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 319-336. https://doi.org/10.1111/faam.12212

Bogisch, B & Lindhardt, E 2019, Mødet med andre verdensopfattelser. in J Hansen, M Rønø, SE Soneff & AH Yates (eds), Kristendomskundskabs potentiale i forhold til elevens etiske, kulturelle og myndiggørende dannelse. Dafolo, pp. 167-178.

Jahangiri, A 2019, 'Modification of natural colorant bixin from Annatto plant - Improved hydrophilicity and stability of bixin through structural modification'.

Koopman, SJ, Lit, R & Nguyen, TM 2019, 'Modified efficient importance sampling for partially non-Gaussian state space models', Statistica Neerlandica, vol. 73, no. 1, pp. 44-62. https://doi.org/10.1111/stan.12128

Koolivand, Y , Rezaeiyan, Y, Shoaei, O, Jafarabadi-Ashtiani, S, Moftakharzadeh, A & Ahmadvand , M 2019, 'Modified linear in dB, sub 0.2 dB gain-step CMOS programmable gain amplifier for ultrasound applications', Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, vol. 99, no. 3, pp. 497–508. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10470-019-01408-y

Yesiltas, B, Sørensen, A-D, Garcia-Moreno, PJ, Anankanbil, S , Guo, Z & Jacobsen, C 2019, 'Modified phosphatidylcholine with different alkyl chain length and covalently attached caffeic acid affects the physical and oxidative stability of omega-3 delivery 70% oil-in-water emulsions', Food Chemistry, vol. 289, no. August, pp. 490-499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.03.087

Ockelmann, KW & Cedhagen, T 2019, 'Modiolus cimbricus sp. nov. (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) endemic in the Kattegat-Skagerrak', European Journal of Taxonomy, vol. 556, no. 556, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2019.556

Juno, JA, Wragg, KM, Kristensen, AB, Lee, WS, Selva, KJ, van der Sluis, RM, Kelleher, AD, Bavinton, BR, Grulich, AE, Lewin, SR, Kent, SJ & Parsons, MS 2019, 'Modulation of the CCR5 receptor/ligand axis by seminal plasma and the utility of in vitro versus in vivo models', Journal of Virology, vol. 93, no. 11, e0024219. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00242-19

Moeller, JB, Leonardi, I, Schlosser, A, Flamar, AL, Bessman, NJ, Putzel, GG, Thomsen, T, Hammond, M, Jepsen, CS, Skjødt, K, Füchtbauer, EM, Farber, DL, Sorensen, GL, Iliev, ID, Holmskov, U & Artis, D 2019, 'Modulation of the fungal mycobiome is regulated by the chitin-binding receptor FIBCD1', The Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol. 216, no. 12, pp. 2689-2700. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20182244

Thøgersen, R 2019, 'Modulation of the gut microbial-derived and endogenous response to processed meat ingestion through food matrix and background diet effects'.

Zhang, P, Wang, Z , Liu, L , Klausen, LH , Wang, Y, Mi, J & Dong, M 2019, 'Modulation the electronic property of 2D monolayer MoS₂ by amino acid', Applied Materials Today, vol. 14, no. March, pp. 151-158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2018.12.003

Farantatos, P 2019, 'Molding the Modulor: The Inception of the Modulor in Light of Le Corbusier’s Theoretical, Creative and Professional Activity 1920–1950.'.