Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

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Hazay, C , Mikkelsen, GL, Rabin, T, Toft, T & Nicolosi, AA 2019, 'Efficient RSA Key Generation and Threshold Paillier in the Two-Party Setting', Journal of Cryptology, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 265-323. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00145-017-9275-7

Høeg, CE & Zhang, Z 2019, Efficient time-domain hydrodynamic model for floating offshore wind turbines using rational approximations. in A Zingoni (ed.), Advances in Engineering Materials, Structures and Systems: Innovations, Mechanics and Applications - Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation, 2019. CRC Press, Leiden, pp. 675-680, 7th International Conference on Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation, Cape Town, South Africa, 02/09/2019. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429426506

Boyle, E, Couteau, G, Gilboa, N, Ishai, Y, Kohl, L, Rindal, P & Scholl, P 2019, Efficient Two-Round OT Extension and Silent Non-Interactive Secure Computation. in L Cavallaro, J Kinder, X Wang & J Katz (eds), CCS 2019 - Proceedings of the 2019 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security. Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 291-308, ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security, London, United Kingdom, 11/11/2019. https://doi.org/10.1145/3319535.3354255

Cascudo, I, Damgård, I, David, B, Döttling, N, Dowsley, R & Giacomelli, I 2019, Efficient UC Commitment Extension with Homomorphism for Free (and Applications). in SD Galbraith & S Moriai (eds), Advances in Cryptology – ASIACRYPT 2019 - 25th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security, Proceedings. Springer, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 11922, pp. 606-635, 25th Annual International Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptology and Information Security, ASIACRYPT 2019, Kobe, Japan, 08/12/2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34621-8_22

Burdanova, MG, Tsapenko, AP, Satco, DA, Kashtiban, R, Mosley, CDW, Monti, M, Staniforth, M, Sloan, J, Gladush, YG, Nasibulin, AG & Lloyd-Hughes, J 2019, 'Efficient ultrafast THz modulators based on negative photoconductivity in controllably doped carbon nanotubes', International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves, IRMMW-THz. https://doi.org/10.1109/IRMMW-THz.2019.8874202

Palmén, R, Bührer, S, Kalpazidou Schmidt, E, Reidl, S, Groo, D, Striebing, C & Holzinger, F 2019, EFFORTI: Comparative Findings of 19 Case Study Interventions for a Greater Gender Equality in R&I across: 6 European Countries. in 14th ESA Conference | Europe and Beyond: Boundaries, Barriers and Belonging.

Feaster, M, Arah, OA & Krause, N 2019, 'Effort-reward imbalance and ambulatory blood pressure among female Las Vegas hotel room cleaners', American Journal of Industrial Medicine, vol. 62, no. 6, pp. 523-534. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.22980

Nouri, J, Ebner, M, Ifenthaler, D, Saqr, M, Malmberg, J, Khalil, M, Bruun, J, Viberg, O, Gonzalez, MAC, Papamitsiou, Z & Berthelsen, UD 2019, 'Efforts in Europe for Data-Driven Improvement of Education: A Review of Learning Analytics Research in Seven Countries', International Journal of Learning Analytics and Artificial Intelligence for Education (iJAI), vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 8-27. <https://www.online-journals.org/index.php/i-jai/article/view/11053>

Kerr, S 2019, 'Efforts to address climate change will change landscape forever', Trinity Long Room Hub News. <https://www.tcd.ie/trinitylongroomhub/media/news/articles/2019-07-18-Examine-Europe.php>

Langager, S 2019, Efter inklusionen: skitser. in KE Petersen & JH Hansen (eds), Inklusion og eksklusion: en grundbog. Hans Reitzels Forlag, København, pp. 179-192.

Nielsen, K 2019, Efterskrift. in I Krogsdal (ed.), Fra dybet: Nye salmer over gamle salmer. Syng Nyt, Hjortshøj, pp. 93-117.

Andersen, JE 2019, Efterskrift. in J Barnwell & A Juhl Rasmussen (eds), Ved havet. Det Danske Sprog- og Litteraturselskab, København, pp. 219-254.

Thorup, M 2019, Efterskrift. in MC Nussbaum (ed.), Frygtens monarki: et filosofisk blik på vores politiske krise. Klim, Aarhus, pp. 309-329.

Andersen, LT 2019, Efterskrift. in J Barnwell (ed.), Øvrige noveller og kortprosa . Det Danske Sprog- og Litteraturselskab, København, pp. 345-370.

Nielsen, K 2019, Efterskrift: et studie i ondskab. in N Højberg & A Lorenzen (eds), Et studie i ondskab. Kandor, Danmark, pp. 614-641.

Høiris, O & Jensen, PKA 2019, Efterskrift. in O Høiris & PKA Jensen (eds), Evolutionens menneske – menneskets evolution. Aarhus Universitetsforlag, Aarhus, pp. 415-419.

Lysemose, K 2019, Efterskrift: Om baggrunden for og ansatsen i Roberto Espositos Communitas. in Communitas: Fællesskabets oprindelse og endeligt. Forlaget THP, S.l., pp. 215-261; 293-304.

Jones, S & Jensen, P 2019, Efterværn – opfølgning og støtte efter afsluttet behandling. in SP Hansen, P Jensen & MC Madsen (eds), Alliancen - unge med dobbeltdiagnose. Grønbog om unge under 25 år med psykiske vanskeligheder og samtidigt problematisk brug af rusmidler: oplæg til høring på Christiansborg den 20. november 2019. SPUK. <https://dobbeltdiagnose.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/13_Efterv%C3%A6rn-opf%C3%B8lgning-og-st%C3%B8tte-efter-afsluttet-behandling_Alliancen2019.pdf>

Winther-Larsen, A , Fynboe Ebert, EB , Meldgaard, P & Sorensen, BS 2019, 'EGFR Gene Polymorphism Predicts Improved Outcome in Patients With EGFR Mutation-positive Non–small cell Lung Cancer Treated With Erlotinib', Clinical Lung Cancer, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 161-166.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cllc.2019.02.011

Jørgensen, TS, Jepsen, PM, Petersen, HCB, Friis, DS & Hansen, BW 2019, 'Eggs of the copepod Acartia tonsa Dana require hypoxic conditions to tolerate prolonged embryonic development arrest', BMC Ecology, vol. 19, no. 1, 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12898-018-0217-5

Bager, P 2019, e-Health. in A Sturm & L White (eds), Inflammatory Bowel Disease Nursing Manual. 1 edn, Springer, Switzerland, pp. 417-422. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75022-4

Øyeflaten, I, Johansen, T , Nielsen, CV, Johnsen, TL, Tveito, TH & Momsen, AMH 2019, 'eHealth interventions to facilitate work participation: a scoping review protocol', JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports , vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 1026-1033. https://doi.org/10.11124/JBISRIR-2017-003953

Vestbo, S , Hindberg, C , Olesen, JM & Funch, P 2019, 'Eiders as Long Distance Connectors in Arctic Networks', Cross-Cultural Research, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 252-271. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069397118806820

Myers-Smith, IH, Grabowski, MM, Thomas, HJD, Angers-Blondin, S, Daskalova, GN, Bjorkman, AD, Cunliffe, AM, Assmann, JJ, Boyle, JS, McLeod, E, McLeod, S, Joe, R, Lennie, P, Arey, D, Gordon, RR & Eckert, CD 2019, 'Eighteen years of ecological monitoring reveals multiple lines of evidence for tundra vegetation change', Ecological Monographs, vol. 89, no. 2, e01351. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1351

Philippsen, B , Ivanovaite, L, Makhotka, K, Sauer, FR , Riede, F & Olsen, J 2019, 'Eight new Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene AMS dates from the south-eastern Baltic', Radiocarbon: An International Journal of Cosmogenic Isotope Research, vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 615-627. https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2018.153, https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2018.153

Philippsen, B , Ivanovaite, L, Makhotka, K, Sauer, F , Riede, F & Olsen, J 2019, 'Eight New Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene AMS Dates from the Southeastern Baltic', Radiocarbon, vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 615-627. https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2018.153

Krøjgaard, P , Sonne, T, Lerebourg, M, Lambek, R & Kingo, OS 2019, 'Eight-year-olds, but not six-year-olds, perform just as well as adults when playing Concentration: Resolving the enigma?', Consciousness and Cognition, vol. 69, pp. 81-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2019.01.015

Oksbjerg, N , Jensen, JA, Petersen, JS & Therkildsen, M 2019, 'Einfluss der bruttemperatur auf das muskelgewicht, die knochenfestigkeit und lauffähigkeit von broilern', European Poultry Science (EPS) / Archiv für Geflügelkunde, vol. 83. https://doi.org/10.1399/eps.2019.264

Gøtzsche-Astrup, O & Lindekilde, L 2019, 'Either or? Reconciling findings on mental health and extremism using a dimensional rather than categorical paradigm', Journal of Forensic Sciences, vol. 64, no. 4, pp. 982-988. https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.14014

Langhave, I 2019, Ejendomsavancebeskatning. in HH Edlund & R Mehl (eds), Ejendomme 2: skatter og afgifter. Karnov Group, København, pp. 95-140.

Madsen, MB , Neville, M, Almlöf, H & Haag, K 2019, 'Ejerskabsdynamik i SMV’er: Et svensk/dansk projekt om problemer og løsninger ved ændringer i ejerkredsen', Nordisk Tidsskrift for Selskabsret, vol. 2019, no. 4, pp. 73-96.

Yousefizadeh, S, Bendtsen, JD, Vafamand, N, Khooban, MH, Dragicevic, T & Blaabjerg, F 2019, 'EKF-Based Predictive Stabilization of Shipboard DC Microgrids With Uncertain Time-Varying Load', IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, vol. 7, no. 2, 8590740, pp. 901-909. https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2018.2889971

Gumus, B 2019, 'Ekolojik Hareketlerin Sosyal Medya Kullanımı: Kuzey Ormanları Savunması Örneği', Istanbul Gelisim University, 4th New Media Conference, Istanbul, Turkey, 25/04/2020 - 26/04/2020.

Ravn, I, E-kroner, hvad er det? Centralbankudstedt digital valuta, 2019, Pictures, Video and sound recordings (digital). <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tv3JtZalPDE>

Hansen, BB 2019, 'Eksemplet som tænkemaskine: Med særligt henblik på Slavoj Žižek', Sakprosa , vol. 11, no. 2. https://doi.org/10.5617/sakprosa.6461

Frølund, S 2019, Eksistens i Hermann Schmitz' 'nye fænomenologi'. in M Rasmussen (ed.), Mennesket og det andet. Bidrag til den eksistentielle fænomenologi. Aalborg Universitetsforlag, Aalborg, Skriftserie om eksistentiel fænomenologi.

Høst, DL, Abild Jespersen, B , Weibull, AS & Neergaard, MA 2019, 'Eksistentiel lidelse hos patienter i palliative forløb', Månedsskrift for Almen Praksis, vol. 2019, no. Maj, pp. 339-345.

Jakobsen, M & Harrits, GS 2019, Eksperimenter. in J Glavind Grøndahl & H Helboe Pedersen (eds), Gode spørgsmål, rigtige svar: grundbog i samfundsfaglig metode. 2 edn, Gyldendal, København, pp. 119-130.

Larsen, P 2019, 'Ekspertisen er i krise – og heldigvis for det', Dagbladet Information.

Mølbeck, H, Flensborg, J & Mørup, SH 2019, Ekspropriation i praksis. 2. edn, Djøf Forlag, København.

Sørensen, J 2019, Ekstase og kedsomhed: ritualer i menneskets evolution. in TK Nielsen, C Andersen, AR Kratschmer & M Clasen (eds), Menneske, kultur, evolution: Et biokulturelt perspektiv. Aarhus Universitetsforlag, Aarhus, pp. 103-116.

Skiveren, T 2019, 'Ekstatisk nydelse i mere-end-menneskelige kroppe: Om tegn, affekt og kødets begær i Bjørn Rasmussens og Niels Henning Falk Jensbys debutromaner', Edda, vol. 106, no. 3, pp. 181-195. https://doi.org/10.18261/issn.1500-1989-2019-03-02

Franza, A, Jimenez, R & M. Marshall, A 2019, Elastic analysis of tunnelling beneath capped pile groups. in 17th European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, ECSMGE 2019 - Proceedings. The XVII European Conference on
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Badam, SK, Liu, Z & Elmqvist, N 2019, 'Elastic Documents: Coupling Text and Tables through Contextual Visualizations for Enhanced Document Reading', IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, vol. 25, no. 1, 8440810, pp. 661-671. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2018.2865119

Pedersen, MR, Sloth Osther, PJ, Nissen, HD , Vedsted, P , Møller, H & Rafaelsen, SR 2019, 'Elastography and diffusion-weighted MRI in patients with testicular microlithiasis, normal testicular tissue, and testicular cancer: an observational study', Acta Radiologica, vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 535-541. https://doi.org/10.1177/0284185118786063

Franza, A & J. DeJong, M 2019, 'Elastoplastic solutions to predict tunneling−induced load redistribution and deformation of surface structure', Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, vol. 145, no. 4, 04019007. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0002021

Welz, C 2019, Elazar Benyoëtz, Margarete Susman und das Hiobproblem. in M Bongardt (ed.), Zugrunde gegangen und hoch in die Jahre gekommen. Gabe zum 80. Geburtstag des Dichters Elazar Benyoëtz. Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg, pp. 137-154.

Johansen, I 2019, El color como forma poética. in E Espino (ed.), La otra orilla del color . 2A edn, Impreso en la CDMX 2019.

Ahlqvist, VH, Persson, M, Magnusson, C & Berglind, D 2019, 'Elective and nonelective cesarean section and obesity among young adult male offspring: A Swedish population-based cohort study', PLOS Medicine, vol. 16, no. 12, e1002996. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002996

Green-Pedersen, C & Jensen, C 2019, 'Electoral competition and the welfare state', West European Politics, vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 803-823. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2019.1565736

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