Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

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Kayacan, E, Kayacan, E, Ramon, H & Saeys, W 2015, 'Towards agrobots: Identification of the yaw dynamics and trajectory tracking of an autonomous tractor', Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, vol. 115, pp. 78-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2015.05.012

Topping, CJ, Craig, PS, de Jong, F, Klein, M, Laskowski, R, Manachini, B, Pieper, S, Smith, R, Sousa, JP, Streissl, F, Swarowsky, K, Tiktak, A & van der Linden, T 2015, 'Towards a landscape scale management of pesticides: ERA using changes in modelled occupancy and abundance to assess long-term population impacts of pesticides', Science of the Total Environment, vol. 537, pp. 159-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.152

Wei, K & Woodcock, J 2015, Towards Algebraic Semantics of Circus Time. in D Naumann (ed.), Unifying Theories of Programming: 5th International Symposium, UTP 2014, Singapore, May 13, 2014, Revised Selected Papers. Springer, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 8963, pp. 84-104, 5th International Symposium on Unifying Theories of Programming, Singapore, Singapore, 13/05/2014. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14806-9_5

Visser, J 2015, Towards a Mobile Indigeneity? The Case of Indigenous Students from the Chittagong Hill Tracts in Dhaka, Bangladesh. in Towards a Mobile Indigeneity? The Case of Indigenous Students from the Chittagong Hill Tracts in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Centre for East and South-East Asian Studies, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, Working Papers in Contemporary Asian Studies, no. 54, pp. 1-41.

Hansen, JS 2015, 'Towards a more pedagogical use of a new LMS'.

Simonsen, K-M 2015, Towards a New Europe? On Emergent and Transcultural Literary Histories. in C Domínguez & T D'haen (eds), Cosmopolitanism and the Postnational: Literature and the New Europe. Brill, Leiden, Boston, Textxet, vol. 79, pp. 131-151.

Simonÿ, C 2015, 'Towards a new Foothold in Life: A Phenomenological-Hermeneutic Study of patients’ lived experiences during the trajectory of Cardiac Rehabilitation', The Faculty of Health Sciences, Aarhus University.

Griggio, CF, Romero, M & Leiva, G 2015, Towards an interactive dance visualization for inspiring coordination between dancers. in Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems. pp. 1513-1518.

Skott, J 2015, Towards a participatory approach to ‘beliefs’ in mathematics education. in B Pepin & B Roesken-Winter (eds), From beliefs to dynamic affect systems in mathematics education: exploring a mosaic of relationships and interactions. Springer VS, Cham, Advances in Mathematics Education, pp. 3-23. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06808-4

Foldspang, A 2015, 'Towards a public health profession: the role of essential public health operations and lists of competences', European Journal of Public Health, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 361-362. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckv007>

Bischof, D 2015, 'Towards a Renewal of the Niche Party Concept: Parties, Market Shares and Condensed Offers', Party Politics, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 220-235. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068815588259

Larsen, SB, Sørensen, NS, Grøndahl Petersen, M & Friis Kjeldsen, G 2015, 'Towards a shared service centre for telemedicine: Telemedicine in Denmark, and a possible way forward', Health Informatics Journal, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 815-827. https://doi.org/10.1177/1460458215592042

Sandel, BS 2015, 'Towards a taxonomy of spatial scale-dependence', Ecography, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 358–369. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.01034

Hvejsel, MF, Kirkegaard, PH & Mortensen, SB 2015, 'Towards a tectonic approach - energy renovation in a Danish context', Nordic Journal of Architectural Research, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 35-60. <http://arkitekturforskning.net/na/issue/view/53/showToc>

Otto, T 2015, Towards a Theory of Tradition and Agency. in L Picht, K Schmidt, G Schmitz & L Wiggering (eds), The Limits of Change: Was ist der Wert der beständigen Dinge?. Neofelis Verlag GmbH, Berlin, pp. 31-54.

Bhikha, C, Andreasen, A , Christensen, EI, Letts, RFR, Pantanowitz, A, Rubin, DM, Thomsen, JS & Zhai, X-Y 2015, 'Towards Automated Three-Dimensional Tracking of Nephrons through Stacked Histological Image Sets', Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine (Print Edition), vol. 2015, pp. 545809. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/545809

Fu, Y , Young, JF & Therkildsen, M 2015, 'Towards bovine connective tissue utilization: in silico insight on the potential of collagen in production of ace inhibitory peptides', ICoMST 2015: 61st International Congress of Meat Science & Technology, Clermont-Ferrand, France, 23/08/2015 - 28/08/2015.

Radaelli, L & Jensen, CS 2015 'Towards Characterizing the Temporal Aspect of Frequent Patterns in Indoor Trajectory Data'.

Monteiro Duarte Couto, LD , Larsen, PG , Hasanagic, M , Kanakis, G , Lausdahl, KG & Tran-Jørgensen, PWV 2015, Towards Enabling Overture as a Platform for Formal Notation IDEs. in Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Formal Integrated Development Environment: F-IDE 2015. vol. 187, Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science, vol. 187.2, pp. 14-27, 2nd Workshop on Formal-IDE , Oslo, Norway, 22/06/2015. https://doi.org/10.4204/EPTCS.187.2

Nielsen, M & Grønbæk, K 2015, Towards highly affine visualizations of consumption data from buildings. in IVAPP 2015 - 6th International Conference on Information Visualization Theory and Applications; VISIGRAPP, Proceedings. SCITEPRESS Digital Library, pp. 247-255, International Conference on Information Visualization Theory and Applications, Berlin, Germany, 11/03/2015.

Zumla, A, Chakaya, J, Hoelscher, M, Ntoumi, F, Rustomjee, R, Vilaplana, C, Yeboah-Manu, D, Rasolof, V, Munderi, P, Singh, N, Aklillu, E, Padayatchi, N, Macete, E, Kapata, N, Mulenga, M, Kibiki, G, Mfinanga, S, Nyirenda, T, Maboko, L, Garcia-Basteiro, A, Rakotosamimanana, N, Bates, M, Mwaba, P, Reither, K, Gagneux, S, Edwards, S, Mfinanga, E, Abdulla, S, Cardona, P-J, Russell, JBW, Gant, V, Noursadeghi, M, Elkington, P, Bonnet, M, Menendez, C, Dieye, TN, Diarra, B, Maiga, A, Aseffa, A, Parida, S, Wejse, C , Petersen, E, Kaleebu, P, Oliver, M, Craig, G, Corrah, T, Tientcheu, L, Antonio, M, Rao, M, McHugh, TD, Sheikh, A, Ippolito, G, Ramjee, G, Kaufmann, SHE, Churchyard, G, Steyn, A, Grobusch, M, Sanne, I, Martinson, N, Madansein, R, Wilkinson, RJ, Mayosi, B, Schito, M, Wallis, RS & Maeurer, M 2015, 'Towards host-directed therapies for tuberculosis', Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery, vol. 14, no. 8, pp. 511-2. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd4696

Prentow, TS , Blunck, H , Kjærgaard, MB & Stisen, A 2015, Towards Indoor Transportation Mode Detection using Mobile Sensing. in S Sigg , P Nurmi & F Salim (eds), Mobile Computing, Applications, and Services : 7th International Conference, MobiCASE 2015, Berlin, Germany, November 12-13, 2015, Revised Selected Papers. vol. 162, Springer, Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering , vol. 162, EAI EAI International Conference on Mobile Computing, Applications and Services, Berlin, Germany, 12/11/2015. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29003-4

Lin, L , Bolund, L & Luo, Y 2015, 'Towards personalized regenerative cell therapy: Mesenchymal stem cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells', Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy.

Koch, C & Mathiasen, JB 2015, 'Towards requisite integration of business development and mechatronics', Paper presented at 23rd Nordic Academy of Manangement Conference NFF 2015, København, Denmark, 12/08/2015 - 14/08/2015.

Jensen, AL, Sørensen, H, Rosendahl, LA & Lykholt-Ustrup, F 2015, Towards Simulation of Clogging Effects in Wastewater Pumps: A Review of the State-of-the-Art in Cloth Modelling and Challenges in the Simulation of Clogging Effects. in Proceedings of the ASME/JSME/KSME 2015 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference., S33-9-4, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, pp. 2543-2549, ASME-JSME-KSME Joint Fluids Engineering Conference 2015, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 26/07/2015. https://doi.org/10.1115/AJKFluids2015-33214

Vestergaard, LS , Fernandes, J & Presser, M 2015, 'Towards Smart City Democracy', Geoforum Perspektiv, vol. 14, no. 25, pp. 38-43. <http://dx.doi.org/10.5278/ojs.perspektiv.v14i25.1294>

Cacciarini, M, Skov, AB, Jevric, M, Hansen, AS, Elm, J, Kjaergaard, HG, Mikkelsen, KV & Nielsen, MB 2015, 'Towards Solar Energy Storage in the Photochromic Dihydroazulene-Vinylheptafulvene System', Chemistry: A European Journal, vol. 21, no. 20, pp. 7454-7461. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201500100

Wroblewska, A, Zych, A, Thiyagarajan, S, Dudenko, D, van Es, D, Hansen, MR, Koning, C, Duchateau, R & Jasinska-Walc, L 2015, 'Towards sugar-derived polyamides as environmentally friendly materials', Polymer Chemistry, vol. 6, no. 22, pp. 4133-4143. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5py00521c

Madsen, J, Guillemain, M, Nagy, S, Defos du Rau, P, Mondain-Monval, J-Y, Griffin, C, Williams, JH, Bunnefeld, N, Czajkowski, A, Hearn, R, Grauer, A, Alhainen, M & Middleton, A 2015, Towards sustainable management of huntable migratory waterbirds in Europe: A report by the Waterbird Harvest Specialist Group of Wetlands International. Wetlands International, Wageningen, The Netherlands. <http://www.wetlands.org/Portals/0/SustainableWaterbirdHarvesting_2015_02_26%20final.pdf>

Larsen, SAE 2015, Towards the blasphemous Self: Constructing Societal Identity in Danish Debates on the Blasphemy Provision in the Twentieth and Twenty-first Centuries. in M Maussen & R Grillo (eds), Regulation of speech in multicultural societies. Routledge, pp. 194-211.

Prætorius, T, Hasle, P, Edwards, K & Paarup Nielsen, A 2015, Towards the collaborative hospital: harnessing the potential of enabling care processes and structures. in Sustainable development in organizations. Edward Elgar Publishing, pp. 57-76.

Szabo, D, Gulyas, A, H. P. Fitzek, F & Lucani Rötter, DE 2015, Towards the Tactile Internet: Decreasing Communication Latency with Network Coding and Software Defined Networking. in European Wireless 2015; 21th European Wireless Conference; Proceedings of. VDE, pp. 428-433. <http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=7147730>

Jacobsen, RH , Mikkelsen, SA & Rasmussen, NH 2015, Towards the Use of Pairing-Based Cryptography for Resource-Constrained Home Area Networks. in Proceedings of the 18th Euromicro Conference on Digital System Design (DSD 2015). IEEE, pp. 233-240, Euromicro Conference on Digital Systems Design , Madeira, Portugal, 26/08/2015. https://doi.org/10.1109/DSD.2015.73

Vorkamp, K , Riget, FF & Dietz, R 2015, 'Toxaphene in the aquatic environment of Greenland', Environmental Pollution, vol. 200, pp. 140-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2015.02.014

Ramírez Vargas, CA, Paredes, D, Cubillos, J, Arredondo, A, Arrulla, JP, Arias, CA & Brix, H 2015, 'Toxicity and Treatment of Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products Using Exotic Plants - A Laboratory Scale Experiment', WETPOL 2015, York, United Kingdom, 13/09/2015 - 19/09/2015.

Bjerregaard, N 2015, 'tPA-binding RNA Aptamers'.

Søndergaard, J , Asmund, G & Larsen, MM 2015, 'Trace elements determination in seawater by ICP-MS with on-line pre-concentration on a Chelex-100 column using a ‘standard’ instrument setup.', MethodsX, vol. 2, pp. 323-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2015.06.003

Rieckh, H, Gerke, HH, Glæsner, N & Kjærgaard, C 2015, 'Tracer, Dissolved Organic Carbon, and Colloid Leaching from Erosion-Affected Arable Hillslope Soils', Vadose Zone Journal, vol. 14, no. 12. https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2015.08.0110

Nimptsch, J, Woelfl, S, Osorio, S, Ebersbach, P, von Tümpling, W, Palma, R, Encina, F, Figueroa, D, Kamjunke, N & Graeber, D 2015, 'Tracing dissolved organic matter (DOM) from land-based aquaculture systems in North Patagonian streams.', Science of the Total Environment, vol. 537, pp. 129-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.160

Kattel, G, Gell, P, Perga, ME, Jeppesen, E, Grundell, R, Weller, S, Zawadzki, A & Barry, L 2015, 'Tracking a century of change in trophic structure and dynamics in a floodplain wetland: Integrating palaeoecological and palaeoisotopic evidence', Freshwater Biology Online, vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 711-723. https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12521

Mousten, B & Laursen, AL 2015, Tracking Anglicisms in Domains by the Corpus-Linguistic Method: A Case Study of Financial Language in Stock Blogs and Stock Analyses. in Professional Communication Conference (IPCC), 2015 IEEE International., 7235806, IEEE, pp. 206-212, IEEE International Professional Communication Conference, ProComm 2015, Limerick, Ireland, 12/07/2015. https://doi.org/10.1109/IPCC.2015.7235806

Bruun, MH 2015, Tracking Porters: Learning the Craft of Techno-Anthropology. in L Botin, P Bertelsen & C Nøhr (eds), Techno-Anthropology in Health Informatics: Methodologies for improving human-technology relations. vol. 215, IOS Press, Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, pp. 67-79. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-560-9-67

Ray, L, Förster, H-J, Förster, A, Fuchs, S, Naumann, R & Appelt, O 2015, 'Tracking the thermal properties of the lower continental crust: Measured versus calculated thermal conductivity of high-grade metamorphic rocks (Southern Granulite Province, India)', Geothermics, vol. 55, pp. 138-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.01.007

Jäkel, IC & Smolka, M 2015 'Trade Policy Preferences and the Factor Content of Trade' Economics Working Papers, no. 2015-12, Institut for Økonomi, Aarhus Universitet, Aarhus.

Krasilnikoff, J 2015, 'Tradition and Innovation in Classical Athens: The Case of the Athenian Acropolis as Place and History', Acta Hyperborea, vol. 14, pp. 195 - 212.

Fibiger, MQ 2015, Traditionelle myter foklarer store donationer til Nepal. <http://www.religion.dk/religionsanalysen/mennesker-i-noed-0>

Nielsen, MV 2015, Tradition og fornyelse. in Sct. Ansgar Kirkes 100 års jubilæum. pp. 41-51.

Kongsted, AG & Jørgensen, U 2015, 'Træer i svinefolden kan være vejen til mindre kvælstoftab', Oekologi & Erhverv, no. 576, pp. 14-14.

Kanstrup, N 2015, Trækfugle i den nordvestlige del af Nationalpark Mols Bjerge: Et studie i betydningen af områdets økologiske rum. Dansk Jagtakademi.

Smidth, M & Kofod, L 2015, 'Træning for lungerne er træning for livet: Fysisk træning hjælper patienter med KOL til bedre at kunne klare sig selv og ikke mindst opnå større livskvalitet og mindre angst', Krop+Fysik, vol. 3, no. 2015, pp. 44.

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