Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

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Harper, J, De Vega, J, Swain, S, Heavens, D, Gasior, D, Thomas, A, Evans, C, Lovatt, A, Lister, S, Thorogood, D, Skøt, L, Hegarty, M, Blackmore, T, Kudrna, D, Byrne, S, Asp, T, Powell, W, Fernandez-Fuentes, N & Armstead, I 2019, 'Integrating a newly developed BAC-based physical mapping resource for Lolium perenne with a genome-wide association study across a L. perenne European ecotype collection identifies genomic contexts associated with agriculturally important traits', Annals of Botany, vol. 123, no. 6, mcy230, pp. 977-992. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcy230

Abuley, IK & Nielsen, BJ 2019, 'Integrating cultivar resistance into the TOMCAST model to control early blight of potato, caused by Alternaria solani', Crop Protection, vol. 117, pp. 69-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2018.11.007

Hansen, MC, Cedile, O, Ludvigsen, M , Kjeldsen, E , Moeller, PL, Abildgaard, N, Hokland, P & Nyvold, CG 2019 'Integrating detection of copy neutral chromosomal losses in a clinical setting in leukemia and lymphoma by means of allelic imbalance and read depth ratio comparison'. https://doi.org/10.1101/590752

Ramanujan, D, Zhou, N & Ramani, K 2019, 'Integrating environmental sustainability in undergraduate mechanical engineering courses using guided discovery instruction', Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 207, pp. 190-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.09.191

Rytter, M 2019, Integration. Tænkepauser - viden til hverdagen, vol. 66, Aarhus Universitetsforlag, Aarhus.

Baudoin, F, Feng, Q & Gordina, M 2019, 'Integration by parts and quasi-invariance for the horizontal Wiener measure on foliated compact manifolds', Journal of Functional Analysis, vol. 277, no. 5, pp. 1362-1422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfa.2019.06.006

Gabaldon, J, Turner, EL, Johnson-Roberson, M, Barton, K, Johnson, M, Anderson, EJ & Alex Shorter, K 2019, 'Integration, Calibration, and Experimental Verification of a Speed Sensor for Swimming Animals', IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 19, no. 10, 8629066, pp. 3616-3625. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2019.2895806

Rytter, M 2019, 'Integration er en uhyre potent kamæleon', Morgensavisen Jyllands-Posten. <https://jyllands-posten.dk/premium/viden/ECE11111065/integration-er-en-uhyre-potent-kamelaeon/>

Færgemann, HM , Robinson, S & Shumar , W 2019, 'Integration of Entrepreneurial Education as Value Creation into the Humanities'.

Boiani, M, Sundekilde, UK, Bateman, LM, McCarthy, DG, Maguire, AR, Gulati, A, Guinee, TP, Fenelon, M, Hennessy, D, FitzGerald, RJ & Kelly, PM 2019, 'Integration of high and low field ¹H NMR to analyse the effects of bovine dietary regime on milk metabolomics and protein-bound moisture characterisation of the resulting mozzarella cheeses during ripening', International Dairy Journal, vol. 91, no. April, pp. 155-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2018.08.016

Ali, M, Khan, I, Ali, MA, Anjum, SA, Ashraf, U & Waqas, MA 2019, 'Integration of organic sources with inorganic phosphorus increases hybrid maize performance and grain quality', Open Agriculture, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 354-360. https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2019-0032

Dinesen, B, Nielsen, G, Andreasen, JJ & Spindler, H 2019, 'Integration of Rehabilitation Activities Into Everyday Life Through Telerehabilitation: Qualitative Study of Cardiac Patients and Their Partners', Journal of Medical Internet Research, vol. 21, no. 4, e13281. https://doi.org/10.2196/13281

Mihovska, A, Pnevmatikakis, A, Kyriazakos, S, Tonchev, K, Craciunescu, R, Poulkov, V, op den Akker, H & Hermens, H 2019, Integration of sensing devices and the cloud for innovative e-health applications. in Wearable technologies and wireless body sensor networks for healthcare . Institution of Engineering and Technology, Stevenage, pp. 361-386. https://doi.org/10.1049/PBHE011E_ch11

Grønbæk, TØB , Andersen, LN & Mouridsen, K 2019 'Integration of sequential EHR information using mathematical representations'.

Rytter, M 2019, '”Integration” øger skellene i vores samfund: lad os kassere det', RÆSON. <https://www.raeson.dk/2019/lektor-mikkel-rytter-integration-oeger-skellene-i-vores-samfund-lad-os-kassere-det/>

Rytter, M 2019, 'Integrationsdebat er øretævernes holdeplads', Fredericia Dagblad.

Rytter, M & Ghandchi, N 2019, 'Integration via arbejde: Prekær inklusion og udvidet usikkerhed blandt afghanske flygtninge ', Social Kritik:Tidsskrift for social analyse & debat, vol. 160, pp. 4-17.

Zhang, W, Voloudakis, G, Rajagopal, VM, Readhead, B, Dudley, JT, Schadt, EE, Björkegren, JLM, Kim, Y, Fullard, JF, Hoffman, GE & Roussos, P 2019, 'Integrative transcriptome imputation reveals tissue-specific and shared biological mechanisms mediating susceptibility to complex traits', Nature Communications, vol. 10, no. 1, 3834, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11874-7

van't Veen, SGW , Kronvang, B , Zak, DH , Ovesen, NB & Jensen, H 2019, 'Intelligente bufferzoner', 36 p., Notat fra DCE - Nationalt Center for Miljø og Energi (2011-2019). <http://dce.au.dk/fileadmin/dce.au.dk/Udgivelser/Notater_2019/Intelligente_bufferzoner.pdf>

Larsen, MC , Elmengaard, B , Pedersen, M & Foldager, CB 2019, 'Intemittent systemaic hypoxia - A possible way to improved regeneration', Annual Meeting on Experimental Biology (EB), Orlando, 06/04/2019 - 09/04/2019.

Nielsen, AH, Egerod, I, Hansen, TB & Angel, S 2019, 'Intensive care unit diaries: Developing a shared story strengthens relationships between critically ill patients and their relatives: A hermeneutic-phenomenological study', International Journal of Nursing Studies, vol. 92, pp. 90-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.01.009

Nielsen, TL , Andersen, NT , Petersen, KS, Polatajko, H & Nielsen, CV 2019, 'Intensive client-centred occupational therapy in the home improves older adults' occupational performance. Results from a Danish randomized controlled trial', Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 325-342. https://doi.org/10.1080/11038128.2018.1424236

Andersen, FØ, Mølgaard, L, Wåst, T & Nørgaard, L 2019, Intensiv læring: Relationer, mestringsoplevelser og transfer i det nye pædagogiske landskab. Undervisning og læring, Dafolo, Frederikshavn.

Andersen, FØ 2019, Intensiv læring: Intensiv læring handler i sin essens om mestring og gode relationer. Folkeskolen.dk. <https://www.folkeskolen.dk/936222/intensiv-laering>

Mills, PF, Harry, B, Stevens, CJ, Knoblich, G & Keller, PE 2019, 'Intentionality of a co-actor influences sensorimotor synchronisation with a virtual partner', Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, vol. 72, no. 6, pp. 1478-1492. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747021818796183

Bakker, P 2019, 'Intentional language change and the connection between mixed languages and genderlects', Language Dynamics and Change, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 135-161. https://doi.org/10.1163/22105832-00902001

Rasch, M (ed.), Topp-Jørgensen, E (ed.), Fugmann, G & Skancke Hansen, F 2019, INTERACT Fieldwork Planning Handbook. Aarhus University, DCE - Danish Centre for Environment and Energy, Aarhus. <https://eu-interact.org/app/uploads/2019/09/INTERACT-Fieldwork-Planning-Handbook.pdf>

Schilhab, T 2019, Interactional Expertise as Primer of Abstract Thought. in The Third Wave in Science and Technology Studies: Future Research Directions on Expertise and Experience. Springer International Publishing Switzerland, pp. 283-295. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14335-0_16

Schilhab, T 2019, Interactional expertise as primer of abstract thoughts. in DS Caudill, SN Conley, ME Gorman & M Weinel (eds), The third wave in science and technology studies : future research directions on expertise and experience. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, pp. 283-296.

Damkier, P, Lassen, D, Christensen, MMH, Madsen, KG, Hellfritzsch, M & Pottegard, A 2019, 'Interaction between warfarin and cannabis', Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, vol. 124, no. 1, pp. 28-31. https://doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.13152

Champeil, P, de Foresta, B, Picard, M, Gauron, C, Georgin, D, le Maire, M, Moller, J, Lenoir, G & Montigny, C 2019, 'Interaction of detergents with biological membranes: Comparison of fluorescence assays with filtration protocols and implications for the rates of detergent association, dissociation and flip-flop', PLoS One, vol. 14, no. 10, e0222932. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222932

Brodszkij, E , Hviid, MJ , Ade, C , Schattling, PS , Burmeister, M , Szilagyi, S , Gal, N , Zhu, C, Han, X & Städler, B 2019, 'Interaction of pH-responsive polyanions with phospholipid membranes', Polymer Chemistry, vol. 10, no. 44, pp. 5992-5997. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9py00924h

Menichetti, L, Touzot, L, Elofsson, K, Hyvönen, R, Kätterer, T & Kjellander, P 2019, 'Interactions between a population of fallow deer (Dama dama), humans and crops in a managed composite temperate landscape in southern Sweden: Conflict or opportunity?', PLoS One, vol. 14, no. 4, e0215594. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0215594

Tolborg, K, Gatti, C & Iversen, BB 2019, 'Interactions between stereo chemically active lone pairs in MnSb2O4', ECM 32 - 32nd European Crystallographic Meeting, Vienna, Austria, 18/08/2019 - 23/08/2019.

Boy, M, Thomson, ES, Navarro, JCA, Arnalds, O, Batchvarova, E, Bäck, J, Berninger, F, Bilde, M, Brasseur, Z, Dagsson-Waldhauserova, P, Castarède, D, Dalirian, M, De Leeuw, G, Dragosics, M, Duplissy, EM, Duplissy, J, Ekman, AML, Fang, K, Gallet, JC, Glasius, M, Gryning, SE, Grythe, H, Hansson, HC, Hansson, M, Isaksson, E, Iversen, T, Jonsdottir, I, Kasurinen, V, Kirkeväg, A, Korhola, A, Krejci, R, Egill Kristjansson, J, Lappalainen, HK, Lauri, A, Leppäranta, M, Lihavainen, H, Makkonen, R, Massling, A, Meinander, O, Douglas Nilsson, E, Olafsson, H, Pettersson, JBC, Prisle, NL, Riipinen, I, Roldin, P, Ruppel, M, Salter, M, Sand, M, Seland, O, Seppä, H & Skov, H 2019, 'Interactions between the atmosphere, cryosphere, and ecosystems at northern high latitudes', Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 2015-2061. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-2015-2019

Skov, H 2019, 'Interactive comment on “Diurnal cycle of iodine and mercury concentrations in Svalbard surface snow” by Andrea Spolaor et al.', Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. <https://editor.copernicus.org/index.php/acp-2019-285-RC1.pdf?_mdl=msover_md&_jrl=10&_lcm=oc108lcm109w&_acm=get_comm_file&_ms=75403&c=164767&salt=7023283391499766024>

Giovanoli, S, Werge, TM, Mortensen, PB, Didriksen, M & Meyer, U 2019, 'Interactive effects between hemizygous 15q13.3 microdeletion and peripubertal stress on adult behavioral functions', Neuropsychopharmacology, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 703–710. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-018-0189-3

Jensen, K , Sørensen, JG & Holmstrup, M 2019, 'Interactive effects of temperature and time on cold tolerance and spring predation in overwintering soil predatory mites (Gaeolaelaps aculeifer Canestrini)', Biological Control, vol. 132, no. May, pp. 169-176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2019.02.018

Park, DI & Turck, CW 2019, Interactome Studies of Psychiatric Disorders. in Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, no. 1118, pp. 163-173. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05542-4_8

Rasch, M, Topp-Jørgensen, E, Fugmann, G, Skancke Hansen, F & Arndal, MF 2019, INTERACT Practical field guide. First edn, Aarhus University, DCE - Danish Centre for Environment and Energy, Denmark.

Gonzalez, EB, Espeland, S, Jentoft, S, Hansen, MM, Robalo, J, Stenseth, NC & Jorde, PE 2019, 'Interbreeding between local and translocated populations of a cleaner fish in an experimental mesocosm predicts risk of disrupted local adaptation', Ecology and Evolution, vol. 9, no. 11, pp. 6665-6677. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5246

Nandakumar, R , Windross, SJ & Paludan, SR 2019, Intercellular communication in the innate immune system through the cGAS-STING pathway. in J Sohn (ed.), DNA Sensors and Inflammasomes. Elsevier, Methods in Enzymology, vol. 625, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.mie.2019.07.007

Petersen, LBS 2019, Intercultural encounters in the Danish church. Nordics.info, Aarhus. <http://nordics.info/show/artikel/intercultural-encounters-in-the-danish-church/>

Hejná, M , Borkfelt, S , Eaton, M , Christensen, KR , Clasen, M , Fage-Butler, A , Jespersen, AB , Jacobsen, UC , Kjeldgaard-Christiansen, J , Schjoldager, A , Stephan, M & Sørensen, MH 2019, 'Interdisciplinary: To Be or Not to Be? Working Across Disciplinary Boundaries in the Humanities (and Beyond)', Leviathan: Interdisciplinary Journal in English, no. 5. https://doi.org/10.7146/lev.v0i5.115491

Fehsenfeld, M 2019, 'Interessepositioner i samspillet mellem den offentlige og den frivillige sektor: Flødeskumspuljer, vagthunde og gadekær', Odense.

Binderkrantz, AS & Pedersen, HH 2019, Interest group access. in P Harris, A Bitonti, CS Fleisher & AS Binderkrantz (eds), The Palgrave encyclopedia of interest groups, lobbying and public affairs. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13895-0_30-1

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Bochnakian, A, Zhen, A, Zisoulis, DG, Idica, A, KewalRamani, VN, Neel, N, Daugaard, I, Hamdorf, M, Kitchen, S, Lee, KE & Pedersen, IM 2019, 'Interferon-Inducible MicroRNA miR-128 Modulates HIV-1 Replication by Targeting TNPO3 mRNA', Journal of Virology, vol. 93, no. 20, e00364-19. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00364-19

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