Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

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Rocha, RSS & Wigan, D 2015, Translating Private Equity in Denmark: The Impact of the TDC Buy-out on the Danish Private Equity Industry. in PH Andersen, H Kragh, J Lauring & MS Linneberg (eds), Preparing for the Unexpected: Design of the Future Global Enterprise. 1 edn, Djøf Forlag, pp. 137-157.

Edgeman, R , Eskildsen, JK & Neely, A 2015, 'Translating Triple Top Line Strategy into Triple Bottom Line Performance', Measuring Business Excellence, vol. 19, no. 1. https://doi.org/10.1108/MBE-12-2014-0054

Beatini, V 2015, 'Translational method for designing folded plate structures', International Journal of Space Structures, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 85-98. https://doi.org/10.1260/0266-3511.30.2.85

De Souza Crippa, JA, Guimarães, FS & Joca, S 2015, 'Translational neuroscience: Narrowing distances for future discoveries', CNS and Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets, vol. 14, no. 8, pp. 962. https://doi.org/10.2174/1871527314999150909115443

Kullmann, FA, Birder, LA & Andersson, K-E 2015, 'Translational Research and Functional Changes in Voiding Function in Older Adults', Clinics in Geriatric Medicine, vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 535–548. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cger.2015.06.001

Bille, J, Bille-Hasselstrøm, C & Petersen, CG 2015, 'Translation and validation of the Stop-Bang Questionnaire for obstructive sleep apnoea into Danish', Danish Medical Journal, vol. 62, no. 12, pp. 1762-1763. <https://ugeskriftet.dk/dmj/translation-and-validation-stop-bang-questionnaire-obstructive-sleep-apnoea-danish>

Flanagan, M 2015, 'Translation Crowdsourcing: a brief beginner's guide', EST Newsletter, no. 47, pp. 20-21.

Enemark, HL, Johansen, MV, Boes, J & Alban, L 2015, Transmission dynamics of foodborne parasites in pork (pig and wild boar). in Foodborne parasites: occurrence and control in the food supply web. 1 edn, Woodhead Publishing.

Tolliver, SC, Lyons, ET, Nielsen, MK & Bellaw, JL 2015, 'Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horse foals born in 2013 in the same pasture on a farm in Central Kentucky', Helminthologia (Poland), vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 211-218. https://doi.org/10.1515/helmin-2015-0035

Mallonn, M, von Essen, C, Weingrill, J, Strassmeier, KG, Ribas, I, Carroll, TA, Herrero, E, Granzer, T, Claret, A & Schwope, A 2015, 'Transmission spectroscopy of the inflated exo-Saturn HAT-P-19b', Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A), vol. 580, A60. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201423778

Olsen, TV & Horst, C 2015, 'Transnational citizens and cosmopolitan citizens: same, same or different?', Paper presented at Dansk Selskab for Statskundskabs Årsmøde, Kolding, Denmark, 29/10/2015 - 30/10/2015.

Valentin, K 2015, 'Transnational education and the remaking of social identity: Nepalese student migration to Denmark', Identities - Global Studies in Culture and Power, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 318-332. https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.2014.939186

Rittenhofer, I, Mikos, L, Chalaby, J & Kaptan, Y 2015, 'Transnationalisation in television. EURAM 2016 Developing Working Group'. <http://www.euram-online.org/programme2016/tracks-symposia-dwg/dwg.html>

Perez, L, Trüeb, S, Cowie, H, Keuken, MP, Mudu, P, Ragettli, MS, Sarigiannis, DA, Tobollik, M, Tuomisto, J, Vienneau, D, Sabel, C & Künzli, N 2015, 'Transport-related measures to mitigate climate change in Basel, Switzerland', Environment International, vol. 85, pp. 111-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2015.08.002

Eriksson, LSE, Lindqvist, PG, Flöter Rådestad, A, Dueholm, M, Fischerova, D, Franchi, D, Jokubkiene, L, Leone, FP, Savelli, L, Sladkevicius, P, Testa, AC, Van den Bosch, T, Ameye, L & Epstein, E 2015, 'Transvaginal ultrasound assessment of myometrial and cervical stromal invasion in women with endometrial cancer: interobserver reproducibility among ultrasound experts and gynecologists', Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 476-82. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.14645

Abass, A, Hayes, S, White, N, Sorensen, T & Meek, KM 2015, 'Transverse depth-dependent changes in corneal collagen lamellar orientation and distribution', Journal of the Royal Society. Interface, vol. 12, no. 104, pp. 20140717. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2014.0717

Cornett, AP, Naveed, A & Sørensen, NK 2015, ‘Trapped in the middle’? Long and short run trends for intermediate city regions in Europe. in I Bernhard (ed.), Regional Development in an International Context. Regional, National, Cross Border and International Factors of Growth and Development: Proceedings of the 18th Uddevalla Symposium 11-13 June 2015 in Sønderborg, Reports 2015:2. University West, Trollhättan, Reports, no. 2, vol. 2015, pp. 195-215.

Gradus, JL, Antonsen, S , Svensson, E , Lash, TL, Resick, PA & Hansen, JG 2015, 'Trauma, Comorbidity, and Mortality Following Diagnoses of Severe Stress and Adjustment Disorders: A Nationwide Cohort Study', American Journal of Epidemiology, vol. 182, no. 5, pp. 451-8. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwv066

Hagen, EM & Hansen, RBM 2015, 'Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury and 24-hour blood pressure profile during primary rehabilitation'.

Rittenhofer, I & Esser, A 2015, 'Travelling tv drama series: Exporting 'national' productions?', Media Business Landscapes, Lisbon, Portugal, 19/03/2015 - 20/03/2015.

He, SY & Thøgersen, J 2015, Travel mode choice and car ownership in Guangzhou, China. in SY He, Y-H Kuo, CH Cheng & JMY Leung (eds), Proceedings of the 20th International Conference of Hong Kong Society for Transportation Studies, HKSTS 2015: Urban Transport Analytics. Hong Kong Society for Transportation Studies Limited, pp. 405-412, 20th International Conference of Hong Kong Society for Transportation Studies: Urban Transport Analytics, HKSTS 2015, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 12/12/2015.

Brødsgaard, A, Nielsen, T, Mølgaard, U, Pryds, O & Pedersen, P 2015, 'Treating infants for umbilical granuloma with topical clobetasol propionate cream', Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), vol. 104, no. 2, pp. e49-50. https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.12867

O Connor, M & Elklit, A 2015, Treating PTSD Symptoms in older adults. in U Schnyder & M Cloitre (eds), Evidence based treatments for trauma-related psychological disorders: A pactical guide for clinicians. Springer, London, pp. 381-398. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07109-1_20

Brødsgaard, A, Nielsen, T, Mølgaard, U, Pryds, O & Pedersen, P 2015, 'Treating umbilical granuloma with topical clobetasol propionate cream at home is as effective as treating it with topical silver nitrate in the clinic', Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), vol. 104, no. 2, pp. 174-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.12824

Dyrehave, C, Maindal, HT , Wejse, C & Rodkjær, LØ 2015, 'Treatment adherence and health literacy among African HIV-infected individuals in Denmark. Forskningssymposium 20. november 2015.Aarhus Universitetshospital.'.

Dyrehave, C , Maindal, HT , Wejse, C & Rodkjær, LØ 2015, 'Treatment adherence and health literacy among African HIV-infected individuals in Denmark.The 3rd European Health Literacy Conference, Brussels, Belgium, 17-19 November 2015.'.

Cattaneo, MD, Jansson, M & Newey, WK 2015 'Treatment Effects with Many Covariates and Heteroskedasticity' CREATES Research Paper, no. 2015-31, Institut for Økonomi, Aarhus Universitet, Aarhus.

Paaske, N & Buhl, J 2015, 'Treatment of an unicystic ameloblastoma in the maxilla in a 67-years old male', 37th Congress of The Scandinavian Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons in collaboration with Danish Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, Copenhagen, Denmark, 03/06/2015 - 05/06/2015.

Erikstrup, LT , Aarup, M, Hagemann-Madsen, R, Dagnaes-Hansen, F, Kristensen, B, Olsen, KEP & Fuursted, K 2015, 'Treatment of Clostridium difficile infection in mice with vancomycin alone is as effective as treatment with vancomycin and metronidazole in combination', BMJ Open Gastroenterology, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. e000038. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgast-2015-000038

Hoffmann-Petersen, N , Lauritzen, T , Bech, JN & Pedersen, EB 2015, 'TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION USING TELEMEDICAL HOME BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS', Journal of Hypertension. Supplement, vol. 33, no. Suppl 1, pp. e46-7. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.hjh.0000467470.28955.7b

Wu, S, Wallace, S, Brix, H, Kuschk, P, Kirui, WK, Masi, F & Dong, R 2015, 'Treatment of industrial effluents in constructed wetlands: Challenges, operational strategies and overall performance', Environmental Pollution, vol. 201, pp. 107-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2015.03.006

Dyrberg, H & Larsen, ER 2015, 'Treatment of insomnia in patients with major depression disorder using cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: a randomized controlled study', World Sleep Congress 7th conference, Istanbul, Turkey, 31/10/2015 - 03/11/2015.

Jeppesen, PB & Hermansen, K, Treatment of insulin resistance or diseases associated with insulin resistance.

Jeppesen, PB Dec. 23 2015, Treatment of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, Patent No. PA 2015 70873.

Bobic, M , Buhl, J , Cattaneo, P & Pedersen, TK 2015, 'Treatment of maxillary retrognathism with maxillary protraction: face mask compared with traction on bone anchors', Congress of the European Orthodontic Society, V, Venice, Italy, 14/06/2015 - 17/06/2015.

Lundby, L, Hagen, K, Christensen, P , Buntzen, S , Thorlacius-Ussing, O, Andersen, J, Krupa, M & Qvist, N 2015, 'Treatment of non-IBD anal fistula', Danish Medical Journal, vol. 62, no. 5.

Baumgartner-Nielsen, J & Olesen, AB 2015, 'Treatment of Skin Calcifications with Intra-lesional Injection of Sodium Thiosulphate: A Case Series', Acta Dermato-Venereologica. https://doi.org/10.2340/00015555-2206

Stilling, M , Munk, B , Rahbek, O , Søballe, K , Mikkelsen, LR & Krøner, K 2015, 'Treatment, Prognosis/ Outcomes, Hand and Wrist, Cementless or Cemented Fixation in Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Surface Replacement Arthroplasty?', Paper presented at ASSH, American Society for Surgery of the Hand Annual Meeting, , Seattle, United States, 10/09/2015 - 12/09/2015.

Larsen, AC, Frøkjær, JB, Fisker, RV, Iyer, V, Mortensen, PB, Yilmaz, MK, Møller, B, Kristensen, SR & Thorlacius-Ussing, O 2015, 'Treatment-related frequency of venous thrombosis in lower esophageal, gastro-esophageal and gastric cancer - a clinical prospective study of outcome and prognostic factors', Thrombosis Research, vol. 135, no. 5, pp. 802–808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2015.01.021

Larsen, ER & Bech, P 2015, 'Treatment resistant depression: clinical studies with PEMF', Nordic Congress of Psychiatry, Copenhagen, Denmark, 20/09/2015 - 23/09/2015.

Terkelsen, T , Schmitz, ML , Simonsen, CZ , Hundborg, HH, Christensen, H, Ellemann, K, Geisler, K, Iversen, HK, Madsen, C, Rasmussen, M-J, Vestergård, K , Andersen, G & Johnsen, SP 2015, 'Treatment with Intravenous Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke is Associated with Reduced Bed Day Use: A Nationwide Propensity Score Matched Follow-Up Study', Stroke. <http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/46/Suppl_1/AWMP27.abstract>

Nielsen, TA , Andersen, ME & Alsholm, A-M 2015, 'TREAT - Teachers redesigning educational activities with technology', DUN - Dansk Universitetspædagogisk Netværks Konference 2015, Vejle, Denmark, 06/05/2015 - 07/05/2015. <http://dun-net.dk/aktiviteter/2015/dun-konference-2015-kvalitet-i-universitetsundervisningen-forskningsbasering-praksisrelevans-og-strategisk-indsats/>

Nieto-Lugilde, D , Lenoir, J, Abdulhak, S, Aeschimann, D, Dullinger, S, Gegout, J-C, Guisan, A, Pauli, H, Renaud, J, Theurillat, J-P, Thuiller, W, Van Es, J, Vittoz, P, Willner, W, Wohlgemuth, T, Zimmermann, NE & Svenning, J-C 2015, 'Tree cover at fine and coarse spatial grains interacts with shade tolerance to shape plant species distributions across the Alps', Ecography, vol. 38, no. 6, pp. 578-589. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.00954

Viby, N-E, Pedersen, L, Lund, TK, Kissow, H, Backer, V, Nexø, E, Thim, L & Poulsen, SS 2015, 'Trefoil factor peptides in serum and sputum from subjects with asthma and COPD', Clinical Respiratory Journal, vol. 9, no. 3. https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.12146

Viby, N-E, Nexø, E, Kissow, H, Andreassen, H, Clementsen, P, Thim, L & Poulsen, SS 2015, 'Trefoil factors (TFFs) are increased in bronchioalveolar lavage fluid from patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD)', Peptides, vol. 63, pp. 90-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2014.09.026

Andersen, JE 2015, 'Tre gode fra Bestiarium-biblioteket: Bruno Schulz m.fl.: Bestarium (anmeldelse)', Litteraturmagasinet Standart, vol. Årg. 29, no. 3, pp. 2-3.

Kilpi, M, Lorentsen, S-H, Petersen, IK & Einarsson, Á 2015, Trends and drivers of change in diving ducks. TemaNord, no. 516, vol. 2015.

Dalgaard, T, Hansen, B, Hasler, B, Hertel, O, Hutchings, NJ, Jacobsen, BH, Jensen, LS, Kronvang, B, Olesen, JE, Schjørring, JH, Kristensen, IS , Graversgaard, M, Termansen, M & Vejre, H 2015, Trends, challenges and prospects for improved N management and N efficiency in Denmark. in International workshop of nitrogen footprint update in Japan: Local reality and global connection. International workshop of nitrogen footprint update in Japan, Japan, 16/03/2015.

Wu, C , Sun, Y , Nohr, EA & Olsen, J 2015, 'Trends in All-Cause Mortality across Gestational Age in Days for Children Born at Term', PLoS One, vol. 10, no. 12, pp. e0144754. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144754

Bengtsen, SS, Keefer, J, Andres, L, Croussard, B, Gallego, L & Pyhältö, K 2015, 'Trends Influencing Researcher Education and Careers: Global drivers of doctoral education', 16 Biennial EARLI Conference for Research on Learning and Instruction, Limassol, Cyprus, 25/08/2015 - 29/08/2015.

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Lise Refstrup Linnebjerg Pedersen