Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

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Garg, N , Enemark-Rasmussen, K , Dai, Z & Skibsted, J 2015, Pozzolanic reactivity of thermally activated kaolinite and montmorillonite in Portland cement blends and their impact on the formed C-S-H phase. in ICCC 2015 Beijing : the 14th international congress on the chemistry of cement, 13-16 October, 2015: Abstract Book vol. 1. pp. 272, 14th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement, Beijing, China, 13/10/2015.

Skydsgaard, MA & Vestergård, GL 2015, P-pillen. in H Kragh & K Hvidtfelt Nielsen (eds), 50 opfindelser: Højdepunkter i teknologien. Aarhus Universitetsforlag, Aarhus, 50 højdepunkter, vol. 3, pp. 287-292.

Kjær, B & Dannesboe, KI 2015, PPR's konsultative funktion - fra kamp til støtte: Følsomme relationer og professionelle identiteter kæmper ofte, når PPR skal støtte skolemedarbejdere med akut behov for hjælp til inklusionsarbejdet. <http://www.emu.dk/modul/dilemmaer-i-ppr’s-konsultative-funktion>

Tan, NF 2015, 'Prabowo and the shortcomings of international justice', Griffith Journal of Law & Human Dignity, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 103-117. <http://media.wix.com/ugd/6daf1c_cff34483a6b44ad2af11f60d2164335b.pdf >

Kanstrup, N 2015, Practical and social barriers to switching from lead to non-toxic gunshot: A perspective from the EU. . in RJ Delahay & CJ Spray (eds), Lead ammunition: Understanding and minimising the risks to human and environmental health. Oxford, Edward Grey Institute, pp. 98-103. <http://www.oxfordleadsymposium.info/wp-content/uploads/OLS_proceedings/papers/OLS_proceedings_kanstrup.pdf>

Jakobsen, TP 2015, 'Practical Aspects of Secure Multiparty Computation'.

Jørgensen, LN & Nielsen, GC 2015, Practical disease management in winter wheat in Denmark. in Abstracts : 14th International Cereal Rusts and Powdery Mildews Conference 2015. pp. 142-143, 14th International Cereal Rusts and Powdery Mildews Conference 2015 , Helsingør, Denmark, 05/07/2015.

Johannsen, NN 2015, 'Practicing archaeology with composite cosmologies: on import and alternation in theory', Current Swedish Archaeology, vol. 23, pp. 47-59. <http://www.arkeologiskasamfundet.se/csa/Dokument/Volumes/csa_vol_23_2015/csa_vol_23_2015_s47-59_johannsen.pdf>

Wandahl, S 2015, 'Practitioners’ perception of value in construction', Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, vol. 21, no. 8, pp. 1025–1033. https://doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2014.897971

Juul, L & Maindal, HT 2015, 'Prædiabetes projekt med lovende resultater', BestPractice Nordic. <https://bestprac.dk/2016/07/11/praediabetes-projekt-med-lovende-resultater/>

Gaarden, M 2015, Prædikenen som det tredje rum. Forlaget Anis, Frederiksberg.

Strandberg, MT , Ehlers, B & Damgaard, C 2015, 'Præliminær risikovurdering af MON810, MIR604, GA21 og NK603', 16 p., Feb 20, 2015..

Leroyer, P & De Vecchi, D 2015, 'Pragmaterminologie et lexicographie d'entreprise: deux démarches complémentaires pour agir sur les termes maison', Quo vadis terminologia, Paris, France, 18/02/2015 - 20/02/2015.

Elkjaer, B & Buch, A 2015, 'Pragmatism and Practice Theory: Convergences or collisions', Paper presented at Organizational Learning and Knowledge Capabilities, Milano, Italy, 10/04/2015 - 11/04/2015.

Hedegaard-Sørensen, L 2015, 'Praksisfortællinger og lektionsbeskrivelser', Kvan - et tidsskrift for læreruddannelsen og folkeskolen, vol. 103, no. 35, pp. 39-50.

Sørensen, AD 2015, Praksis og kontekst i pædagogisk psykologi: Vygotsky, Schön, Lave og Wenger. AU Library Scholarly Publishing Services, Aarhus. https://doi.org/10.7146/aul.102.93

Kirk, UB 2015, 'Praksis Plus - din interaktive guidebog fra uddannelseslæge til praktiserende læge', Månedsskrift for Almen Praksis.

Skovhus, RB, Buhl, R & Thomsen, R 2015, 'Praksisudvikling - med forskningscirkler som metode', Vejlederen, no. 4, pp. 12-13.

Mørcke, AM, Henriksen, J, Thomsen, KR , Lund, O & Christensen, MK 2015, 'Praktikforløb i videregående uddannelser', Dansk Universitetspædagogisk Netværks konference, Vejle, Denmark, 06/05/2015 - 07/05/2015.

Ostenfeld, EB , Erichsen, R, Baron, JA, Thorlacius-Ussing, O , Iversen, LH , Riis, AH , Sørensen, HT & Danish Colorectal Cancer Group 2015, 'Preadmission glucocorticoid use and anastomotic leakage after colon and rectal cancer resections: a Danish cohort study', BMJ Open, vol. 5, no. 9, pp. e008045. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008045

Liu, X 2015, 'Pre- and perinatal risk factors for childhood asthma: register-based studies in three Nordic countries', Aarhus.

Hejná, M 2015, 'Pre-aspiration in Welsh English: a case study of Aberystwyth'.

Martinkevich, P , Rahbek, O , Møller-Madsen, B , Søballe, K & Stilling, M 2015, 'Precise and feasible measurements of lateral calcaneal lengthening osteotomies by radiostereometric analysis in cadaver feet', Bone & Joint Research, vol. 4, no. 5, pp. 78-83. https://doi.org/10.1302/2046-3758.45.2000292

Vibholm, AK , Landau, AM , Winterdahl, M , Jakobsen, S , Alstrup, AKO, Simonsen, M, Bender, D, Møller, A, Pavese, N , Sørensen, JCH & Brooks, D 2015, 'Preclinical in-vivo imaging of activated NMDA receptor ion channels with the novel radioligand 18F-GE179', Pd.d.-dag, Aarhus, Denmark, 23/01/2015 - 23/01/2015.

Class, QA, Mortensen, PB , Henriksen, TB, Dalman, C, DʼOnofrio, BM & Khashan, AS 2015, 'Preconception Maternal Bereavement and Infant and Childhood Mortality: A Danish Population-Based Study', Psychosomatic Medicine, vol. 77, no. 8, pp. 863-869. https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000229

Hansen, AT , Schmidt, M , Horváth-Puhó, E, Pedersen, L, Rothman, KJ, Hvas, AM & Sørensen, HT 2015, 'Preconception venous thromboembolism and placenta-mediated pregnancy complications', Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, vol. 13, no. 9, pp. 1635-1641. https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.13046

Lv, LP, Wu, ZS, Chen, L, Lu, H, Zheng, YR, Weidner, T, Feng, X, Landfester, K & Crespy, D 2015, 'Precursor-controlled and template-free synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon nanoparticles for supercapacitors', RSC Advances, vol. 5, no. 62, pp. 50063-50069. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ra06697b

Hassanpour, M, Maghami, R, Rafiee-Dastjerdi, H, Golizadeh, A, Yazdanian, M & Enkegaard, A 2015, 'Predation activity of Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) upon Aphis fabae (Hemiptera: Aphididae): Effect of different hunger levels', Journal of Asia Pacific Entomology, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 297-302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aspen.2015.03.005

Howe, AG, Nachman, G & Lövei, GL 2015, 'Predation pressure in Ugandan cotton fields measured by a sentinel prey method', Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, vol. 154, no. 2, pp. 161-170. https://doi.org/10.1111/eea.12267

Ouzounis, T, Razi Parjikolaei, B, Fretté, X, Rosenqvist, E & Ottosen, C-O 2015, 'Predawn and high intensity application of supplemental blue light decreases the quantum yield of PSII and enhances the amount of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and pigments in Lactuca sativa', Frontiers in Plant Science, vol. 6, 19, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00019

Romaguera, D, Ward, H, Wark, PA, Vergnaud, A-C, Peeters, PH, van Gils, CH, Ferrari, P, Fedirko, V, Jenab, M, Boutron-Ruault, M-C, Dossus, L, Dartois, L, Hansen, CP , Dahm, CC, Buckland, G, Sánchez, MJ, Dorronsoro, M, Navarro, C, Barricarte, A, Key, TJ, Trichopoulou, A, Tsironis, C, Lagiou, P, Masala, G, Pala, V, Tumino, R, Vineis, P, Panico, S, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Siersema, PD, Ohlsson, B, Jirström, K, Wennberg, M, Nilsson, LM, Weiderpass, E, Kühn, T, Katzke, V, Khaw, K-T, Wareham, NJ, Tjønneland, A, Boeing, H, Quirós, JR, Gunter, MJ, Riboli, E & Norat, T 2015, 'Pre-diagnostic concordance with the WCRF/AICR guidelines and survival in European colorectal cancer patients: a cohort study', B M C Medicine, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 107. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-015-0332-5

Kyrø, C, Zamora-Ros, R, Scalbert, A, Tjønneland, A, Dossus, L, Johansen, C, Bidstrup, PE, Weiderpass, E, Christensen, J, Ward, H, Aune, D, Riboli, E, His, M, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Baglietto, L, Katzke, V, Kühn, T, Boeing, H, Floegel, A, Overvad, K, Lasheras, C, Travier, N, Sánchez, M-J, Amiano, P, Chirlaque, M-D, Ardanaz, E, Khaw, K-T, Wareham, N, Perez-Cornago, A, Trichopoulou, A, Lagiou, P, Vasilopoulou, E, Masala, G, Grioni, S, Berrino, F, Tumino, R, Sacerdote, C, Mattiello, A, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Peeters, PH, van Gils, C, Borgquist, S, Butt, S, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, A, Sund, M, Hjartåker, A, Skeie, G, Olsen, A & Romieu, I 2015, 'Pre-diagnostic polyphenol intake and breast cancer survival: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort', Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, vol. 154, no. 2, pp. 389-401. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-015-3595-9

Pedersen, TQ 2015, 'Predictable return distributions', Journal of Forecasting, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 114-132. https://doi.org/10.1002/for.2323

Schjønning, P, Stettler, M, Keller, T, Lassen, P & Lamandé, M 2015, 'Predicted tyre-soil interface area and vertical stress distribution based on loading characteristics', Soil & Tillage Research, vol. 152, pp. 52-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2015.03.002

Sommer, SG 2015, Predicting ammonia loss from field-applied manure: The ALFAM2 project. in I Körner (ed.), RAMIRAN 2015 - 16th International Conference Rural-Urban Symbiosis: Abstract book., TC-K, TuTech Innovation, pp. 84, 16th International Conference on Rural-Urban Symbiosis, Hamburg, Germany, 08/09/2015. <http://www.ramiran.net/doc15/RAMIRAN_2015%20Abstract%20book.pdf>

Hafner, SD, Pedersen, SV, Sommer, SG & Pacolski, A 2015, Predicting ammonia loss from field-applied manure - The ALFAM2 project. in I Körner (ed.), Proceedings of the 16th International RAMIRAN Conference. TuTech Verlag , RAMIRAN 2015 – 16th International Conference , Hamburg , Germany, 08/09/2015.

Soerensen, JG, Waehrens, SS & Byrne, DV 2015, 'Predicting and Understanding Long-Term Consumer Liking of Standard Versus Novel Chocolate: A Repeated Exposure Study', Journal of Sensory Studies, vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 370-380. https://doi.org/10.1111/joss.12164

Foldager, L , Munksgaard, L, Trénel, P & Thomsen, PT 2015, Predicting daily eating activity of dairy cows from 3D accelerometer data and RFID signals by use of a random forests model. in CH Knight (ed.), Proceedings of the Third DairyCare Conference 2015. pp. 31-31, Third DairyCare Conference, Zadar, Croatia, 05/10/2015.

Lund, D, Tudoran, AA & Tousgaard Piil, R 2015, 'Predicting default on credit loans: A comparison of a frequentist vs. a Bayesian approach', Credit Scoring and Credit Control , Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 26/08/2015 - 28/08/2015.

Mohn, C, Rengstorf, A, Brown, C, Duineveld, G, Grehan, A, Soetaert, K, Mienis, F, White, M & Wisz, M 2015, 'Predicting drivers and distributions of deep-sea ecosystems: A cold-water coral case study'.

Falgreen, S, Dybkær, K, Young, KH, Xu-Monette, ZY, El-Galaly, TC, Laursen, MB, Bødker, JS, Kjeldsen, MK, Schmitz, A, Nyegaard, M, Johnsen, HE & Bøgsted, M 2015, 'Predicting response to multidrug regimens in cancer patients using cell line experiments and regularised regression models', B M C Cancer, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 235. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-015-1237-6

Engsted, T & Pedersen, TQ 2015, 'Predicting returns and rent growth in the housing market using the rent-price ratio: Evidence from the OECD countries', Journal of International Money and Finance, vol. 53, pp. 257-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jimonfin.2015.02.001

Murray, C, Stedmon, CA & Markager, S 2015, 'Predicting Spectral and PAR Light Attenuation in Greenlandic Coastal Waters', ASLO Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Granada, Spain, 22/02/2015 - 27/02/2015.

Tan, D, Weber, SJ, Siddiqi, I, Mølmer, K & Murch, KW 2015, 'Prediction and retrodiction for a continuously monitored superconducting qubit', Physical Review Letters, vol. 114, 090403. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.090403

Brix, AF & Lunde, A 2015, 'Prediction-based estimating functions for stochastic volatility models with noisy data: comparison with a GMM alternative', A St A - Advances in Statistical Analysis, vol. 99, no. 4, pp. 433-465. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10182-015-0248-6

Kjær, A, Nielsen, G, Clausen, MR, Stærke, S, Jørgensen, B & Edelenbos, M 2015, 'Prediction of biochemical parameters in potatoes using Hyperspectral and Dielectric resonance spectroscopy', World Potato Congress , Beijing, China, 28/07/2015 - 31/07/2015.

van den Berg, I, Boichard, D & Lund, MS 2015, 'Prediction of causative genomic relationships using sequence data of five French and Danish dairy cattle breeds', Plant & Animal Genome XXIII, San Diego, CA, United States, 10/01/2015 - 14/01/2015.

Arthur, E, Tuller, M, Moldrup, P, Karup Jensen, D & de Jonge, LW 2015, 'Prediction of clay content from water vapour sorption isotherms considering hysteresis and soil organic matter content', European Journal of Soil Science, vol. 66, no. 1, pp. 206-217. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12191

Ahlstrøm, A, Campbell, A, Ingerslev, HJ & Kirkegaard, KK 2015, Prediction of Embryo Viability by Morphokinetic Evaluation To Facilitate Single Transfer. in Screening the single Euploid Embryo. Springer.

Kirkevang, L-L, Ørstavik, D, Bahrami Møller, G , Wenzel, A & Væth, M 2015, 'Prediction of future periapical status', ESE 17th Biennial Congress, Barcelona, Spain, 16/09/2015 - 19/09/2015.

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Lise Refstrup Linnebjerg Pedersen