Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

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Østerstrøm, FF, Andersen, C & Da Silva, G 2019, 'Mechanistic study of the reaction of CH₂F₂ with Cl atoms in the absence and presence of CH₄ or C₂H₆: Decomposition of CHF₂OH and fate of the CHF₂O radical', Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, vol. 21, no. 18, pp. 9376-9383. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cp06425c

Gao, L, Minakata, D, Wei, Z, Spinney, R, Dionysiou, DD, Tang, CJ, Chai, L & Xiao, R 2019, 'Mechanistic study on the role of soluble microbial products in sulfate radical‒mediated degradation of pharmaceuticals', Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 342-353. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b05129

Mohammad-Beigi, H, Hosseini, A, Adeli, M, Ejtehadi, MR, Christiansen, G , Sahin, C, Tu, Z, Tavakol, M, Dilmaghani-Marand, A, Nabipour, I, Farzadfar, F, Otzen, DE, Mahmoudi, M & Hajipour, MJ 2019, 'Mechanistic Understanding of the Interactions between Nano-Objects with Different Surface Properties and α-Synuclein', ACS Nano, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 3243-3256. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b08983

Timany, A & Birkedal, L 2019, 'Mechanized relational verification of concurrent programs with continuations', Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages , vol. 3, no. ICFP, 105, pp. 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1145/3341709

Huot, J, Cuevas, F, Deledda, S, Edalati, K, Filinchuk, Y, Grosdidier, T, Hauback, BC, Heere, M, Jensen, TR, Latroche, M & Sartori, S 2019, 'Mechanochemistry of Metal Hydrides: Recent Advances', Materials, vol. 12, no. 17, 2778. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12172778

Deckers, PS & Nolet, K 2019, 'MEDEA: een unieke samenwerking voor metaaldetectievondsten', Ikke-valideret tidsskrift, vol. 1, pp. 43-49.

Coninck-Smith, ND 2019, 'Med eksperten i felten: arkitekt Hans Henning Hansens UNESCO mission til Jugoslavien i efteråret 1956', Dansk Pædagogisk Tidsskrift, no. 3.

Funder, LMA & Overgaard Hansen, K 2019, 'Med formidlingen som fælles afsæt. En ny kulturinstitution i Ebeltoft', Danmarks Biblioteker, vol. 23 årg., no. 6, pp. 26-27. <https://www.db.dk/artikel/med-formidlingen-som-f%C3%A6lles-afs%C3%A6t-en-ny-kulturinstitution-i-ebeltoft>

Boon, J, Salomonsen, HH, Verhoest, K & Pedersen, MØ 2019, Media and Bureaucratic Reputation: Exploring Media Biases in the Coverage of Public Agencies. in T Bach & K Wegrich (eds), The Blind Spots of Public Bureaucracy and the Politics of Non-coordination. Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 171-192. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76672-0

Hougaard, TT & Lund, LBC 2019, 'Medialektale træk i digitale dialoger', Språk i Norden, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 7-23. <https://tidsskrift.dk/sin/article/view/114941>

Berthelsen, UD , Hougaard, TT & Christensen, MV 2019, Medialekter i et grammatisk og didaktisk perspektiv. in Y Goldshtein, IS Hansen & TT Hougaard (eds), 17. Møde om Udforskningen af Dansk Sprog. Institut for Kommunikation og Kultur, Aarhus Universitet, Aarhus, MUDS - Møderne om Udforskningen af Dansk Sprog, pp. 95-111, 17. Møde om Udforskningen af Dansk Sprog, Aarhus, Denmark, 11/10/2018.

Keylin, V 2019, Medialities of participation in sound art. in B Eriksson, C Stage & B Valtýsson (eds), Cultures of participation: arts, digital media and cultural institutions. Routledge, Abingdon, pp. 129-146. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429266454-8

Henkel, C, Mikkelsen, M, Pedersen, AB, Rasmussen, LE, Gromov, K, Price, A & Troelsen, A 2019, 'Medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: increasingly uniform patient demographics despite differences in surgical volume and usage—a descriptive study of 8,501 cases from the Danish Knee Arthroplasty Registry', Acta Orthopaedica, vol. 90, no. 4, pp. 354-359. https://doi.org/10.1080/17453674.2019.1601834

Yu, Y , Liew, Z, Wang, A, Arah, OA, Li, J, Olsen, J, Cnattingius, S, Qin, G, Obel, C, Fu, B & Li, J 2019, 'Mediating roles of preterm birth and restricted fetal growth in the relationship between maternal education and infant mortality: A Danish population-based cohort study', PLoS Medicine, vol. 16, no. 6, 1002831. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002831

Joyce, S 2019, 'Media Tourism and Conflict Heritage in Dubrovnik, Westeros', Journal of Popular Culture, vol. 52, no. 6, pp. 1387-1407. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpcu.12854

Kohlschütter, A, Cooper, JD, Mole, SE, Østergaard, JR & Schulz, A 2019, Medical aspects of juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. in S von Tetzchner, B Elmerskog, A-G Tøssebro & S Rokne (eds), Juvenile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis: childhood dementia and education. Snøfugl Forlag, Melhus, pp. 45-62. <https://www.statped.no/globalassets/laringsressurs/hefter-og-boker/jncl---childhood-dementia-and-education.pdf>

Hald, K , Larsen, FB , Nielsen, KM , Meillier, LK, Johansen, MB, Larsen, ML, Christensen, B & Nielsen, CV 2019, 'Medication adherence, biological and lifestyle risk factors in patients with myocardial infarction: a ten-year follow-up on socially differentiated cardiac rehabilitation', Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 182-190. https://doi.org/10.1080/02813432.2019.1608046

Yarom, N, Shapiro, CL, Peterson, DE, Van Poznak, CH, Bohlke, K, Ruggiero, SL, Migliorati, CA, Khan, A, Morrison, A, Anderson, H, Murphy, BA, Alston-Johnson, D, Mendes, RA, Beadle, BM, Jensen, SB & Saunders, DP 2019, 'Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: MASCC/ISOO/ASCO clinical practice guideline', Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol. 37, no. 25, pp. 2270-2290. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.19.01186

Panyadee, P, Balslev, H, Wangpakapattanawong, P & Inta, A 2019, 'Medicinal plants in homegardens of four ethnic groups in Thailand', Journal of Ethnopharmacology, vol. 239, 111927. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2019.111927

Cederroth, CR, Albrecht, U, Bass, J, Brown, SA, Dyhrfjeld-Johnsen, J, Gachon, F, Green, CB, Hastings, MH, Helfrich-Förster, C, Hogenesch, JB, Lévi, F, Loudon, A, Lundkvist, GB, Meijer, JH, Rosbash, M, Takahashi, JS, Young, M & Canlon, B 2019, 'Medicine in the Fourth Dimension', Cell Metabolism, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 238-250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2019.06.019

Høj, K , Mygind, A , Møller, MCR & Bro, F 2019, Medicin i Midt: Evalueringsrapport. Forskningsenheden for Almen Praksis i Århus, Aarhus.

Sjøgren, P, Neergaard, MA & Grønvold, M 2019, Medicinsk Kompendium: Palliativ medicin. in LN Hammen (ed.), Medicinsk kompendium. 19. edn, Munksgaard , København.

Jensen, JL, Berggreen, HP & Pedersen, JG 2019, 'Medieforskere: De danske medier er værd at betale for: at følge med i nyhederne ses af mange danskere som en borgerpligt. Men mange - især unge - vil ikke betale. Det er en udfordring for både samfundet og medierne.', Politiken.

Daugaard, S 2019, 'Medieøkologien og jungleloven: Christina Hagens forfatterskab og bogens fremtid', SPRING - tidsskrift for moderne dansk litteratur, no. 45, pp. 29-64.

Philipsen, L 2019, Medier og kunst. in B Eriksson & B Schiermer (eds), Ny kulturteori. Hans Reitzels Forlag, København, Sociologi, no. 17, pp. 379-406.

Rysgaard, RA & Tække, J 2019, 'Medie-tsunami over de frie skoler', Efterskolen.

Berndsen, M 2019, 'Med ryggen til verden – og en undervisning fuld af bevægelse', Religionslæreren.

Kammersgaard, T 2019, 'Med slagord om at beskytte trygheden gør politikerne livet mere utrygt for de mest udsatte', Dagbladet Information, pp. 16. <https://www.information.dk/debat/2019/11/slagord-beskytte-trygheden-goer-politikerne-livet-mere-utrygt-mest-udsatte>

Sindbæk, SM 2019, ''Meet the Vikings'-Or meet halfway? the new Viking display at the National Museum of Denmark in Copenhagen', Antiquity, vol. 93, no. 367, pp. 256-259. https://doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2019.1

Berti, E & Svenning, J-C 2019, 'Megalinkers extinction and the decrease of ecosystem connectivity', ESA Annual Meeting 2019, Louisville, United States, 11/08/2019 - 16/08/2019.

Gammelgaard, LR 2019, 'Megalomania or Arbitrary Delimitations: The Scope of Fictionality?', Style, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 439-443. https://doi.org/10.5325/style.53.4.0439

Tyagi, K 2019, 'Mega Mergers in the Seeds & Agro-Chem Industry: Nipping the Seeds of Innovation (& Sustainability) in the Bud?', Paper presented at COMPETITION LAW AND SUSTAINABILITY, Paris, France, 26/06/2019 - 26/11/2019. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.30274.94403

Islam, M, Westin, K, Carvalho, A, Eriksson, M, Lundvall, M, Stödberg, T, Adelöw, C, Lundqvist, D, Andersen, LM, Lundstrom, BN & Cooray, G 2019, 'MEG and navigated TMS jointly enable spatially accurate application of TMS therapy at the epileptic focus in pharmacoresistant epilepsy', Brain Stimulation, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 1312-1314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2019.06.026

Beach, D 2019, 'Meget taler imod, at May er stærk nok til at føre Storbritannien ud af EU i løbet af de kommende måneder', RÆSON. <https://www.raeson.dk/2019/derek-beach-meget-taler-imod-at-may-er-staerk-nok-til-at-foere-storbritannien-ud-af-eu-i-loebet-af-de-kommende-maaneder/>

Nielsen, M 2019, Mehrebenen-Storytelling in der Werbung: Zur Hierarchisierung von Werbegeschichten aus narrativer Perspektive. in S Heinemann (ed.), Werbegeschichte(n): Marken¬kommunikation zwischen Tradition und Innovation. Springer VS, Europäische Kulturen in der Wirtschaftskommunikation, vol. 32, pp. 129-146.

Zortéa, KÉM, Rossi, AAB, Bispo, RB, da Rocha, VD & Hoogerheide, ESS 2019, 'Meiotic behavior and pollen viability of spondias mombin L. Native fruit species of the amazon', Floresta e Ambiente, vol. 26, no. 3, e20180375. https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.037518

Ninkaew, S, Maknoi, C, Tanming, W, Chayamarit, K, Balslev, H & Chantaranothai, P 2019, 'Meizotropis (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae), a new genus record for Thailand', Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany), vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 1-4. https://doi.org/10.20531/tfb.2019.47.1.01

Lodberg, L 2019, 'Melissa Merritt, Kant on Reflection and Virtue, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2018, pp. xvi-219.', Studi Kantiani, vol. 1, no. 32.

Holm, S & Olesen, F 2019, 'Mellem Mennesket og Teknologi', Radiografen, vol. 47, no. 09. <https://www.radiograf.dk/mellem-mennesket-og-teknologi>

Sestoft, C, Hansen, CS & Esmark, K 2019, 'Mellem sociologi og historie', Praktiske Grunde: Nordisk tidsskrift for kultur- og samfundsvidenskab, vol. 3-4, pp. 5-12. <http://praktiskegrunde.dk/2019/praktiskegrunde(2019-3+4c)hansen-sestoft-esmark.pdf>

Chen, M , Jørgensen, ML & Sikkersoq Kimer Nøddesbo, M Oct. 19 2019, Melt Electrowritten Filter for Capturing Cells, Patent No. 19194329.9-1120.

Campbell, K, Mundy, CJ, Juhl, AR, Dalman, LA, Michel, C, Galley, RJ, Else, BE, Geilfus, NX & Rysgaard, S 2019, 'Melt procedure affects the photosynthetic response of sea ice algae', Frontiers of Earth Science, vol. 7, 21. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2019.00021

Goossens, P, Rodriguez-Vita, J, Etzerodt, A, Masse, M, Rastoin, O, Gouirand, V, Ulas, T, Papantonopoulou, O, Van Eck, M, Auphan-Anezin, N, Bebien, M, Verthuy, C, Vu Manh, TP, Turner, M, Dalod, M, Schultze, JL & Lawrence, T 2019, 'Membrane Cholesterol Efflux Drives Tumor-Associated Macrophage Reprogramming and Tumor Progression', Cell Metabolism, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1376-1389.e4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2019.02.016

Autzen, HE, Julius, D & Cheng, Y 2019, 'Membrane mimetic systems in CryoEM: keeping membrane proteins in their native environment', Current Opinion in Structural Biology, vol. 58, pp. 259-268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbi.2019.05.022

Nielsen, KH 2019, 'Meme', Weekendavisen, vol. Sektion 4 (Ideer), pp. 10.

Andersen, AN 2019, 'Memory and Reconciliation in Greenland', Paper presented at Enduring Injustices and Truth and Reconciliation for Indigenous Peoples, Tromsø, Norway, 21/10/2019 - 22/11/2019.

Smeele, SQ, Anderson Hansen, K, Ortiz, ST, Johansson, F, Kristensen, JH, Larsson, J, Siebert, U & Wahlberg, M 2019, 'Memory for own behaviour in pinnipeds', Animal Cognition, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 947-958. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-019-01286-x

Linkis, ST 2019, Memory, Intermediality, Literature: Something to hold on to... Routledge.

Nygaard, B 2019, Memphis på Frederiksberg. Ikke kun Elvis. <https://ikkekunelvis.wordpress.com/2018/08/14/memphis-pa-frederiksberg-1967/>

Kachuri, L, Saarela, O, Bojesen, SE, Davey Smith, G, Liu, G, Landi, MT, Caporaso, NE, Christiani, DC, Johansson, M, Panico, S, Overvad, K, Trichopoulou, A, Vineis, P, Scelo, G, Zaridze, D, Wu, X, Albanes, D, Diergaarde, B, Lagiou, P, Macfarlane, GJ, Aldrich, MC, Tardón, A, Rennert, G, Olshan, AF, Weissler, MC, Chen, C, Goodman, GE, Doherty, JA, Ness, AR, Bickeböller, H, Wichmann, H-E, Risch, A, Field, JK, Teare, MD, Kiemeney, LA, van der Heijden, EHFM, Carroll, JC, Haugen, A, Zienolddiny, S, Skaug, V, Wünsch-Filho, V, Tajara, EH, Ayoub Moysés, R, Daumas Nunes, F, Lam, S, Eluf-Neto, J, Lacko, M, Peters, WHM, Le Marchand, L, Duell, EJ, Andrew, AS, Franceschi, S, Schabath, MB, Manjer, J, Arnold, S, Lazarus, P, Mukeriya, A, Swiatkowska, B, Janout, V, Holcatova, I, Stojsic, J, Mates, D, Lissowska, J, Boccia, S, Lesseur, C, Zong, X, McKay, JD, Brennan, P, Amos, CI & Hung, RJ 2019, 'Mendelian Randomization and mediation analysis of leukocyte telomere length and risk of lung and head and neck cancers', International Journal of Epidemiology, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 751-766. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyy140

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