Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

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Haas, C 2019, 'Fraud and political spin in Casino 20th of March 1848: The Danish constitution as mythological ‘place’ of memory and forgetting in history textbooks and political discourse in the 2000s', History Educators International Research Network Conference, Wien, Austria, 02/09/2019 - 04/09/2019.

McQuaid, SD 2019, 'Freden kom på dagsordenen, da kvinderne tog plads ved forhandlingsbordet', Kvinden og Samfundet, vol. 135, no. 1698, pp. 10-12.

Vellev, J 2019, Frederik 2.s begravelse 5.juni 1588: 21 grafiske blade af Frans Hogenberg og Simon Novellanus. Aarhus Universitetsforlag, Aarhus.

Hasselbalch, O 2019, 'Fredspligten og lønmodtageres lovhjemlede rettigheder', Ugeskrift for Retsvaesen, vol. 2019B, 2019B.1, pp. 1-6. <https://pro.karnovgroup.dk/document/7000832899/1>

Ferrari, E 2019, '‘Free country, free internet’: The symbolic power of technology in the Hungarian internet tax protests', Media, Culture and Society, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 70-85. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443718799394

Hageman, JHJ, Keijer, J, Dalsgaard, TK, Zeper, LW, Carriere, F, Feitsma, AL & Nieuwenhuizen, AG 2019, 'Free fatty acid release from vegetable and bovine milk fat-based infant formulas and human milk during two-phase in vitro digestion', Food & Function, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 2102-2113. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8fo01940a

Johansen, TS 2019, Freemans stakeholdermodel. in P Krog Hansen & M Wolff Lundholt (eds), Kommunikationsmodeller. Samfundslitteratur, pp. 167-170.

Sørensen, KE 2019, Free movement in the EU and the Abuse of Companies. in HS Birkmose, M Neville & KE Sørensen (eds), Abuse of Companies. Wolters Kluwer , European Company Law Series, vol. 15, pp. 259-286.

Zhou, J, Wang, Z, Yang, D, Zhang, W & Chen, Y 2019, 'Free-standing S, N co-doped graphene/Ni foam as highly efficient and stable electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction', Electrochimica Acta, vol. 317, pp. 408-415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2019.06.015

Roque, M, Nuto Nóbrega, B, Valle, M, Sampaio, M, Geber, S, Haahr, T , Humaidan, P & Esteves, SC 2019, 'Freeze-all strategy in IVF/ICSI cycles: an update on clinical utility', Panminerva medica, vol. 61, no. 1, pp. 52-57. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0031-0808.18.03492-4

Arevström, L, Bergh, C, Landberg, R, Wu, H, Rodriguez-Mateos, A, Waldenborg, M, Magnuson, A, Blanc, S & Fröbert, O 2019, 'Freeze-dried bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) dietary supplement improves walking distance and lipids after myocardial infarction: an open-label randomized clinical trial', Nutrition Research, vol. 62, pp. 13-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2018.11.008

Arens, J, Storzer, L, Hirschmann, J, Dalal, SS, Schnitzler, A & Butz, M 2019, 'Freezing of gait does not modulate beta oscillations in mesial cortical motor areas', Movement Disorders, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 436-437. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.27584

Cramm, MA, Chakraborty, A, Li, C, Ruff, SE, Jorgensen, BB & Hubert, CRJ 2019, 'Freezing Tolerance of Thermophilic Bacterial Endospores in Marine Sediments', Frontiers in Microbiology, vol. 10, no. MAY, 945. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00945

Young, JF , Rasmussen, MK & Sundekilde, UK 2019, 'Frekvensen af træbryst i slagtekyllinger – effekt af stald(miljø)', Dansk Erhvervsfjerkrae, vol. 48, no. 12 , pp. 50-51.

Adolphsen, C 2019, Fremgangsmåden ved separation og skilsmisse, vilkår m.v. in I Nørgaard, C Adolphsen & EN Jensen (eds), Familieret. 4. edn, Djøf Forlag, Kbh., pp. 79-94.

Krishnarajan, S 2019, 'Fremmarch og tilbagetog', Weekendavisen.

Møller, J 2019, 'Fremskridtets smalle sti', Weekendavisen.

Andersen, KL 2019, 'Fremskudte behandlere møder borgerne, hvor de er', STOF - Viden om rusmidler og samfund, no. 34, pp. 92-95.

Kristensen, T , Lehmann, JO & Mogensen, L 2019, Fremtidens helhedsorienterede og balancerede kvægproduktion. DCA rapport, no. 146, DCA - Nationalt Center for Fødevarer og Jordbrug, Aarhus. <http://web.agrsci.dk/djfpublikation/index.asp?action=show&id=1289>

Oksbjerg, N & Therkildsen, M 2019, 'Fremtidens kødproduktion baseret på clean meat', Kaskelot, vol. 2019, no. 227, pp. 34-37.

Bukh, PN & Christensen, KS 2019, 'Fremtidens økonomistyring er effektbaseret', Administrativ Debat, no. januar, pp. 23-26.

Quasthoff, U, Fiedler, S & Hallsteinsdóttir, E (eds) 2019, Frequency Dictionary Afrikaans - Frekwensiewoordeboek van Afrikaans. Frequency Dictionaries - Häufigkeitswörterbücher, vol. 13, vol. 13, Leipziger Universitätsverlag, Leipzig.

Schou Pedersen, H , Fenger-Grøn, M , Bech, BH, Erlangsen, A & Vestergaard, M 2019, 'Frequency of health care utilization in the year prior to completed suicide: A Danish nationwide matched comparative study', PLoS One, vol. 14, no. 3, e0214605, pp. e0214605. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214605

Rigas, AS, Pedersen, OB, Sørensen, E, Thørner, LW, Larsen, MH, Katz, LM, Nielsen, K, Titlestad, K, Edgren, G, Rostgaard, K, Erikstrup, C, Hjalgrim, H & Ullum, H 2019, 'Frequent blood donation and offspring birth weight—a next-generation association?', Transfusion, vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 995-1001. https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.15072

Rigas, AS, Pedersen, OB, Rostgaard, K, Sørensen, E, Erikstrup, C, Hjalgrim, H & Ullum, H 2019, 'Frequent blood donation and offspring scholastic attainment: an assessment of long-term consequences of prenatal iron deficiency', Transfusion, vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 1717-1722. https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.15193

Andersen, LL , Terczyńska-Dyla, E , Mørk, N , Scavenius, C , Enghild, JJ, Höning, K, Hornung, V, Christiansen, M , Mogensen, TH & Hartmann, R 2019, 'Frequently used bioinformatics tools overestimate the damaging effect of allelic variants', Genes and Immunity, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 10-22. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41435-017-0002-z

Roque, M, Haahr, T, Geber, S, Esteves, SC & Humaidan, P 2019, 'Fresh versus elective frozen embryo transfer in IVF/ICSI cycles: a systematic review and meta-analysis of reproductive outcomes', Human Reproduction Update, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 2-14. https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmy033

Peña, N, Knudsen, MT, Fantke, P, Anton, A & Hermansen, JE 2019, 'Freshwater ecotoxicity assessment of pesticide use in crop production: Testing the influence of modeling choices', Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 209, no. February, pp. 1332-1341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.257

Petersen, LK & Stybel, N 2019, 'Friendly neighbours? On local acceptance of mussel cultivation in the Baltic area', Coastal & Marine, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 14-15. <https://eucc-d-inline.databases.eucc-d.de/files/documents/00001226_coastalandmarine_2019-1.pdf>

Wamberg, J 2019, 'Frigørelsens tømmermænd: Pornøst. ARoS giver et udmærket, men også rådvildt bud på fejringen af 50-året for billedcensurens ophævelse.', Weekendavisen, vol. Sektion 2 (Kultur), pp. 8.

Kjærulff, B 2019, 'Frihed og kong Valdemar! Politisk middelalderisme i Levin Christian Sanders Niels Ebbesen af Nörreriis (1797) og Malthe Conrad Bruuns "Niels Ebbesen. Tyrandræberen" (1797)', Slagmark: tidsskrift for idéhistorie , no. 79.

Petersen, KE , Hedegaard-Sørensen, L , Sørensen, TEM & Ladefoged, L 2019, Fritids- og ungdomsklubbers betydning for børn og unges hverdagsliv og fællesskaber i udsatte boligområder. DPU, Aarhus Universitet, Emdrup. <https://edu.au.dk/fileadmin/edu/Udgivelser/E-boeger/Ebog_-_Fritids-_og_ungdomsklubbers_betydning_i_udsatte_boligomraader.pdf>

Hulsen, T, Jamuar, SS, Moody, AR, Karnes, JH, Varga, O, Hedensted, S, Spreafico, R, Hafler, DA & McKinney, EF 2019, 'From Big Data to Precision Medicine', Frontiers in Medicine, vol. 6, no. MAR, 34. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2019.00034

Ingvartsen, KL 2019, 'From blood to milk biomarkers for prediction of physiological imbalance in dairy cows', Nutrition in transition 2019, Nijkerk, Netherlands, 26/11/2019 - 27/11/2019.

Beedholm, K , Andersen, LS & Lorentzen, V 2019, 'From Bodily Sensations to Symptoms: Health Care–Seeking Practices Among People Affected by Acute Coronary Syndrome', Qualitative Health Research, vol. 29, no. 11, pp. 1651-1660. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732319857057

Hermanin De Reichenfeld, G 2019, From Capernaum to Jerusalem: Noetic History and Historical Occurrences in Origen’s Sacred Geography of the Holy Land. in B Bitton-Ashkelony (ed.), Origeniana Duodecima: Origen's Legacy in the Holy Land. Peeters Publishers, Leuven, pp. 123-137.

Watt, SFL, Karstens, J, Micallef, A, Berndt, C, Urlaub, M, Ray, M, Desai, A, Sammartini, M, Klaucke, I, Böttner, C, Day, S, Downes, H, Kühn, M & Elger, J 2019, 'From catastrophic collapse to multi-phase deposition: Flow transformation, seafloor interaction and triggered eruption following a volcanic-island landslide', Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol. 517, pp. 135-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2019.04.024

Elbek, LL 2019, 'From Clans to Co-Ops: Confiscated Mafia Land in Sicily', Ethnos, vol. 85, no. 2, pp. 393-394.

Welz, C, "From Confusion to Clarity: Paradoxes of Orientation as Courageous Beginnings" Inauguration speech in honor of Werner Stegmaier at the launch of the Hodges Foundation for Philosophical Orientation in Nashville, Tennessee, USA, 2019, Pictures, Video and sound recordings (digital). <https://youtu.be/YJVN_UsBc_4>

Thomsen, MR 2019, From data to actual context. in J Ladegaard & JG Nielsen (eds), Context in literary and cultural studies. UCL Press, London, pp. 190-209.

Bingley, P , Datta Gupta, N & Pedersen, PJ 2019, From Early Retirement to Staying in the Job: Trend Reversal in the Danish Labor Market. in CC Coile, K Milligan & DA Wise (eds), Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World: Working Longer. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 67-86.

Salimi, Z & Boelt, B 2019, 'From emergence to flowering: Four Beet (Beta vulgaris ssp.) Cultivars’ Phenological Response to Seed Priming', Agronomy, vol. 9, no. 12, 863. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9120863

Kester, J , Sovacool, BK & Heida, V 2019, 'From Flying Cars to Tesla: Examining the Personal Automobile Preferences of Primary Schoolchildren in Denmark and the Netherlands', Energy Research and Social Science, vol. 56, 101204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2019.05.014

Alexander, C 2019, 'From geospatial datasets to urban tree inventories', Nordic Remote Sensing Conference , Aarhus, Denmark, 17/09/2019 - 19/09/2019.

Karstens, J, Berndt, C, Urlaub, M, Watt, SFL, Micallef, A, Ray, M, Klaucke, I, Muff, S, Klaeschen, D, Kühn, M, Roth, T, Böttner, C, Schramm, B, Elger, J & Brune, S 2019, 'From gradual spreading to catastrophic collapse – Reconstruction of the 1888 Ritter Island volcanic sector collapse from high-resolution 3D seismic data', Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol. 517, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2019.04.009

Lo, WH, Zollmann, S, Regenbrecht, H & Loos, M 2019, From lab to field: Demonstrating mixed reality prototypes for augmented sports experiences. in SN Spencer (ed.), Proceedings - VRCAI 2019: 17th ACM SIGGRAPH International Conference on Virtual-Reality Continuum and its Applications in Industry., a62, Association for Computing Machinery, 17th ACM SIGGRAPH International Conference on Virtual-Reality Continuum and its Applications in Industry, VRCAI 2019, Brisbane, Australia, 14/11/2019. https://doi.org/10.1145/3359997.3365728

Madsen, ES 2019 'From Local to Global Competitors on the Beer Market' Economics Working Papers, no. 2019-11, Institut for Økonomi, Aarhus Universitet, Aarhus, pp. 1-20.

Christiansen, FJ, Bjerregaard, M & Thomsen, JPF 2019, From marginalization to political insider. The policy influence of the Danish People's Party: the policy influence of the Danish People's Party. in B Biard, L Bernhard & H-G Betz (eds), Do they make a difference? : The policy influence of radical right populist parties in Western Europe. ECPR Press, London, pp. 79-94.

Bouvin, NO 2019, From NoteCards to Notebooks: There and Back Again. in HT 2019 - Proceedings of the 30th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media. Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 19-28, ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, Hof, Bavaria, Germany, 17/09/2019. https://doi.org/10.1145/3342220.3343666

Birch, T , Orfanou, V, Lichtenberger, A, Raja, R , Barfod, G , Lesher, C, Schulze, I & Schulze, W 2019, 'From nummi minimi to fulūs—small change and wider issues: characterising coinage from Gerasa/Jerash (Late Roman to Umayyad periods)', Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, vol. 11, no. 10, pp. 5359-5376. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-019-00866-9

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