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Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

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Adamsen, J, Nielsen, CB & Wiberg, M (eds) 2019, 'Indledning til temanummeret Pædagogikkens egenart', Studier i Pædagogisk Filosofi, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 1.
Zhang, G 2019, Indoor climate and air quality control in intelligent livestock farming. in Intelligent Agriculture International Conference 2019. Intelligent Agriculture International Conference 2019, Beijing, China, 18/10/2019.
Kapiczyński, M, Rotger-Griful, S & Wagner, S 2019, 'Indoor localization services for hearing aids using bluetooth low energy', EAI Endorsed Transactions on Pervasive Health and Technology, vol. 5, no. 18, e5. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.15-5-2019.162799
Fossing, H, Hansen, JW, Jakobsen, H, Markager, S & Møller, EF 2019, Indsamling af vand- og planktonprøver i felten. DCE - Teknisk anvisning fra Det Marine Fagdatacenter , no. M01, ver. 1, Aarhus University, DCE - Danish Centre for Environment and Energy.
Jensen, JS 2019, 'Indsigt: Hvad er et paradigmeskift?', Kristeligt Dagblad.
Sharma, S, Gurung, K, Mishra, A, Bajracharya, S, Mathema, L, Hussain, A & Pradhan, BB 2019, Industry under the open sky: An exploration of the political economy of brick making in Nepal. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD).
Bjerregaard, LS, Humilius, M, Bagi, P, Hansen, TB & Kehlet, H 2019, 'Indwelling urinary catheterisation may increase risk of complications in hip and knee arthroplasty', Danish Medical Journal, vol. 66, no. 4, A5538.
Kofoed, J 2019, In-eksklusionsprocesser er altid kollektive. in A Görlich, M Pless, N Katznelson & L Graversen (eds), Ny udsathed i ungdomslivet. Hans Reitzels Forlag, København, pp. 195-211.
Shcherbinin, M, Westergaard, FV, Hanif, M, Krishnan, SR, LaForge, A, Richter, R, Pfeifer, T & Mudrich, M 2019, 'Inelastic scattering of photoelectrons from He nanodroplets', Journal of Chemical Physics, vol. 150, no. 4, 044304. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5074130
Fournais, S & Helffer, B 2019, 'Inequalities for the lowest magnetic Neumann eigenvalue', Letters in Mathematical Physics, vol. 109, no. 7, pp. 1683-1700. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11005-018-01154-8
Olesen, C 2019, Infantile spasmer hos børn. in Infantile spasmer hos børn.
Croen, LA, Qian, Y, Ashwood, P, Zerbo, O, Schendel, D, Pinto-Martin, J, Daniele Fallin, M, Levy, S, Schieve, LA, Yeargin-Allsopp, M, Sabourin, KR & Ames, JL 2019, 'Infection and Fever in Pregnancy and Autism Spectrum Disorders: Findings from the Study to Explore Early Development', Autism Research, vol. 12, no. 10, pp. 1551-1561. https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2175
Eichenfield, LF, Bieber, T, Beck, LA, Simpson, EL, Thaçi, D, de Bruin-Weller, M, Deleuran, M, Silverberg, JI, Ferrandiz, C, Fölster-Holst, R, Chen, Z, Graham, NMH, Pirozzi, G, Akinlade, B, Yancopoulos, GD & Ardeleanu, M 2019, 'Infections in Dupilumab Clinical Trials in Atopic Dermatitis: A Comprehensive Pooled Analysis', American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 443-456. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-019-00445-7
Boesen, MS, Koch-Henriksen, N, Thygesen, LC, Eriksson, F, Greisen, G, Born, AP, Blinkenberg, M, Uldall, PV & Magyari, M 2019, 'Infections seem to be more frequent before onset of pediatric multiple sclerosis: A Danish nationwide nested case–control study', Multiple Sclerosis Journal, vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 783-791. https://doi.org/10.1177/1352458518771871
Andersen, TG, Fusari, N, Todorov, V & Varneskov, RT 2019, 'Inference for option panels in pure-jump settings', Econometric Theory, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 901-942. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266466618000373
Wigh, MD, Hansen, TM & Døssing, A 2019, 'Inference of Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) by Probabilistic Inversion of Magnetic Data', Geophysical Journal International, vol. 220, no. 1, pp. 37-58. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz421
Fyenbo, DB 2019, 'Infestation med fluelarver hos en mand uden udenlandsrejse', Ugeskrift for Læger, vol. 181, no. 51, 3/2020.
Mathiassen, SK 2019, Influence of adjuvants on the activity of glyphosate products. in LN Jørgensen, BJ Nielsen, SK Mathiassen, MS Hovmøller, PK Jensen, TM Heick, HS Kristjansen, P Hartvig & S Sørensen (eds), Applied Crop Protection 2018. DCA - Nationalt Center for Fødevarer og Jordbrug, Tjele, DCA rapport, vol. 152, pp. 89-91.
Tkáč, V, Výborný, K, Komanický, V, Warmuth, J, Michiardi, M, Ngankeu, AS, Vondráček, M, Tarasenko, R, Vališka, M, Stetsovych, V, Carva, K, Garate, I, Bianchi, M, Wiebe, J, Holý, V, Hofmann, P, Springholz, G, Sechovský, V & Honolka, J 2019, 'Influence of an Anomalous Temperature Dependence of the Phase Coherence Length on the Conductivity of Magnetic Topological Insulators', Physical Review Letters, vol. 123, no. 3, 036406. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.036406