Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

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Anitha, DP, Karupppasamy, S, K. Kopp, F, Mei, K, Foehr, P, Burgkart, R, Sollmann , N, Maegerlein, C, Kirschke , JS, B. Noël, P & Baum, T 2019, 'Effect of Statistically Iterative Image Reconstruction on Vertebral Bone Strength Prediction Using Bone Mineral Density and Finite Element Modeling-A preliminary study', Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 61-65. https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000000788

Anker, CCB , Rafiq, S & Jeppesen, PB 2019, 'Effect of steviol glycosides on human health with emphasis on type 2 diabetic biomarkers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials', Nutrients, vol. 11, no. 9, 1965. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11091965

Conti, F, Pedersen, TH, Toor, S & Rosendahl, L 2019, 'Effect of sub and supercritical water conditions on the conversion of organic wastes into biocrude through hydrothermal liquefaction', 27th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition (EUBCE 2019), Lisbon, Portugal, 27/05/2019 - 30/05/2019.

Fehér, B, Zhu, K, Nyström, B, Varga, I & Pedersen, JS 2019, 'Effect of Temperature and Ionic Strength on Micellar Aggregates of Oppositely Charged Thermoresponsive Block Copolymer Polyelectrolytes', Langmuir, vol. 35, no. 42, pp. 13614-13623. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01896

Quelever, LLJ , Kristensen, K , Normann Jensen, L , Rosati, B , Teiwes, R, Daellenbach, KR, Peräkylä, O, Roldin, P, Bossi, R , Pedersen, HB , Glasius, M , Bilde, M & Ehn, M 2019, 'Effect of temperature on the formation of highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) from alpha-pinene ozonolysis', Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol. 19, no. 11, pp. 7609-7625. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7609-2019

Rong, L & Zhang, G 2019, Effect of the installation location of weather station sampled wind speed. in L Wang-Li, C Wang & J-Q Ni (eds), 2019 International Symposium of Animal Environment and Welfare: Proceedings of International Symposium. International Research Center for Animal Environment and Welfare, pp. 92-99, 2019 International Symposium of Animal Environment and Welfare, Chongqing, China, 21/10/2019.

Anitha, DP, Baum, T, Kirschke , JS & Karupppasamy, S 2019, 'Effect of the intervertebral disc on vertebral bone strength prediction –a Finite-Element Study', The Spine Journal, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 665-671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spinee.2019.11.015

Lara, AR, Jaén, KE, Folarin, O, Keshavarz-Moore, E & Büchs, J 2019, 'Effect of the oxygen transfer rate on oxygen-limited production of plasmid DNA by Escherichia coli', Biochemical Engineering Journal, vol. 150, 107303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2019.107303

Friedrichsdorf, SP, Arana-Chavez, VE, Cattaneo, PM , Spin-Neto, R & Dominguez, GC 2019, 'Effect of the software binning and averaging data during microcomputed tomography image acquisition', Scientific Reports, vol. 9, no. 1, 10562. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-46530-z

Saussure, S, Westrum, K, Roer Hjelkrem, AG & Klingen, I 2019, 'Effect of three isolates of Pandora neoaphidis from a single population of Sitobion avenae on mortality, speed of kill and fecundity of S. avenae and Rhopalosiphum padi at different temperatures', Fungal Ecology, vol. 41, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2019.03.004

Werner-Moller, P, Sondergaard, S, Jakob, SM, Takala, J & Berger, D 2019, 'Effect of volume status on the estimation of mean systemic filling pressure', Journal of Applied Physiology, vol. 126, no. 6, pp. 1503-1513. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00897.2018

Kirkegård, J , Mortensen, FV, Hansen, CP, Mortensen, MB, Sall, M & Fristrup, C 2019, 'Effect of waiting time to surgery on pancreatic cancer survival: A nationwide population-based cohort study', 13th Congress of the European – African Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 03/06/2019 - 05/06/2019.

Bonciolini, G, Ebi, D, Doll, U, Weilenmann, M & Noiray, N 2019, 'Effect of wall thermal inertia upon transient thermoacoustic dynamics of a swirl-stabilized flame', Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 5351-5358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2018.06.229

Yanagitsuru, YR, Hewitt, CR, Gam, LTH, Phuong-Linh, P, Rodgers, EM, Wang, T , Bayley, M, Huong, DTT, Phuong, NT & Brauner, CJ 2019, 'Effect of water pH and calcium on ion balance in five fish species of the Mekong Delta', Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -Part A : Molecular and Integrative Physiology, vol. 232, pp. 34-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.02.026

Reynafarje, X, Grados, D, Casas, A & Schrevens, E 2019, 'Effect of water stress after flowering stage on tomato crop yield and soil water content in the semi-arid Peruvian coastline', Acta Horticulturae, vol. 1253, no. 1253, pp. 279-285. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1253.37

Tedeschi, F, Rizzo, P, Huong, BTM, Czihal, A, Rutten, T, Altschmied, L, Scharfenberg, S, Grosse, I, Becker, C, Weigel, D, Bäumlein, H & Kuhlmann, M 2019, 'EFFECTOR OF TRANSCRIPTION factors are novel plant-specific regulators associated with genomic DNA methylation in Arabidopsis', New Phytologist, vol. 221, no. 1, pp. 261-278. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15439

Larsen, JB, Madeleine, PM & Arendt-Nielsen, L 2019, Effects from multimodal rehabilitation in patients with persistent pain and functional disability after primary or revision total knee arthroplasty. in Abstracts from OARSI 2019 World Congress on Osteoarthritis. OARSI World Congress on Osteoarthritis - Promoting Clinical and Basic Research in Osteoarthritis, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 02/05/2019.

Vibholm, LK , Konrad, CV , Schleimann, MH , Frattari, G , Winckelmann, A , Klastrup, V , Jensen, NM, Schmidt, M, Wittig, B, Zuwala, K , Mack, K , Olesen, R, Hua, S, Lichterfeld, M, Østergaard, L , Denton, PW , Tolstrup, M & Søgaard, OS 2019, 'Effects of 24-week Toll-like receptor 9 agonist treatment in HIV type 1+ individuals', AIDS (London, England), vol. 33, no. 8, pp. 1315-1325. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000002213

Axelsen, JB , Andersen, S, Sun, X-Q, Ringgaard, S , Hyldebrandt, JA, Kurakula, K, Goumans, M-J, de Man, FS, Nielsen-Kudsk, JE, Bogaard, H-J & Andersen, A 2019, 'Effects of 6-mercaptopurine in pressure overload induced right heart failure', PLoS One, vol. 14, no. 11, e0225122. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225122

Keilow, M, Holm, A, Friis-Hansen, M & Kristensen, RM 2019, 'Effects of a Classroom Management Intervention on Student Selective Attention: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial', School Effectiveness and School Improvement, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 194-211. https://doi.org/10.1080/09243453.2018.1557701

Cannone, N, Ponti, S, Christiansen, HH , Christensen, TR, Pirk, N & Guglielmin, M 2019, 'Effects of active layer seasonal dynamics and plant phenology on CO₂ land-atmosphere fluxes at polygonal tundra in the High Arctic, Svalbard', Catena, vol. 174, pp. 142-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2018.11.013

Khatir, DS , Pedersen, M , Ivarsen, P , Christensen, KL , Jespersen, B & Buus, NH 2019, 'Effects of additional vasodilatory or nonvasodilatory treatment on renal function, vascular resistance and oxygenation in chronic kidney disease: A randomized clinical trial', Journal of Hypertension, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 116-124. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000001835

Fernández, J, Clària, J, Amorós, A, Aguilar, F, Castro, M, Casulleras, M, Acevedo, J, Duran-Güell, M, Nuñez, L, Costa, M, Torres, M, Horrillo, R, Ruiz-del-Árbol, L, Villanueva, C, Prado, V, Arteaga, M, Trebicka, J, Angeli, P, Merli, M, Alessandria, C, Aagaard, NK, Soriano, G, Durand, F, Gerbes, A, Gustot, T, Welzel, TM, Salerno, F, Bañares, R, Vargas, V, Albillos, A, Silva, A, Morales-Ruiz, M, Carlos García-Pagán, J, Pavesi, M, Jalan, R, Bernardi, M, Moreau, R, Páez, A & Arroyo, V 2019, 'Effects of Albumin Treatment on Systemic and Portal Hemodynamics and Systemic Inflammation in Patients With Decompensated Cirrhosis', Gastroenterology, vol. 157, no. 1, pp. 149-162. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2019.03.021

Obling, KH , Overgaard, K , Juul, L & Maindal, HT 2019, 'Effects of a motivational, individual and locally anchored exercise intervention (MILE) on cardiorespiratory fitness: A community-based randomised controlled trial', BMC Public Health, vol. 19, no. 1, 6556, pp. 239. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6556-0

Henriksen, JCS , Weisbjerg, MR , Løvendahl, P , Kristensen, T & Munksgaard, L 2019, 'Effects of an individual cow concentrate strategy on production and behavior', Journal of Dairy Science, vol. 102, no. 3, pp. 2155-2172. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2018-15477

Weber, KE, Prilop, CN & Kleinknecht, M 2019, Effects of an online- and video-based learning environment on pre-service teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs, attitudes towards inclusion and knowledge of inclusive education during practical school experiences. in Proceedings of Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference. Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education, pp. 2099.

Ravn, MV, Campbell, JB, Gerber, L, Harrison, JF & Overgaard, J 2019, 'Effects of anoxia on ATP, water, ion and pH balance in an insect (Locusta migratoria)', Journal of Experimental Biology, vol. 222, no. 5, jeb190850. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.190850

Xu, C, Wang, H-J, Yu, Q, Wang, H-Z, Liang, X-M, Liu, M & Jeppesen, E 2019, 'Effects of Artificial LED Light on the Growth of Three Submerged Macrophyte Species during the Low-Growth Winter Season: Implications for Macrophyte Restoration in Small Eutrophic Lakes', Water, vol. 11, no. 7, 1512. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11071512

Karageorghis, CI, Lyne, LP, Bigliassi, M & Vuust, P 2019, 'Effects of auditory rhythm on movement accuracy in dance performance', Human Movement Science, vol. 67, 102511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2019.102511

Duraisamy, S, Go, Y, Etsuo, C, Lee, YHD & Karupppasamy, S 2019, 'Effects of a valgus unloader brace in the medial meniscectomized knee joint: a biomechanical study', Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, vol. 14, 44. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-019-1085-1

Ewers, B, Bruun, JM & Vilsbøll, T 2019, 'Effects of basic carbohydrate counting versus standard outpatient nutritional education (The BCC Study): study protocol for a randomised, parallel open-label, intervention study focusing on HbA1c and glucose variability in patients with type 2 diabetes', BMJ Open, vol. 9, no. 11, e032893, pp. e032893. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032893

Schweiger, JI, Bilek, E, Schäfer, A, Braun, U, Moessnang, C, Harneit, A, Post, P, Otto, K, Romanczuk-Seiferth, N, Erk, S, Wackerhagen, C, Mattheisen, M, Mühleisen, TW, Cichon, S, Nöthen, MM, Frank, J, Witt, SH, Rietschel, M, Heinz, A, Walter, H, Meyer-Lindenberg, A & Tost, H 2019, 'Effects of BDNF Val ⁶⁶ Met genotype and schizophrenia familial risk on a neural functional network for cognitive control in humans', Neuropsychopharmacology, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 590-597. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-018-0248-9

Weber, KE, Prilop, CN & Kleinknecht, M 2019, 'Effects of blended and video-based coaching approaches on preservice teachers' self-efficacy and perceived competence support', Learning, Culture and Social Interaction, vol. 22, pp. 103-118.

Mensah, JT, Persson, J, Kjellander, P & Elofsson, K 2019, 'Effects of carnivore presence on hunting lease pricing in South Sweden', Forest Policy and Economics, vol. 106, 101942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2019.05.028

Trolle, D , Nielsen, A , Andersen, HE , Thodsen, H , Olesen, JE , Børgesen, CD, Refsgaard, JC, Sonnenborg, TO, Karlsson, IB, Christensen, JPA , Markager, S & Jeppesen, E 2019, 'Effects of changes in land use and climate on aquatic ecosystems: Coupling of models and decomposition of uncertainties', Science of the Total Environment, vol. 657, pp. 627-633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.055

Duque, X, Alcala, R, Gonzalez-Olvera, JJ, Garza-Villarreal, EA & Pellicer, F 2019, 'Effects of childhood maltreatment on social cognition and brain functional connectivity in borderline personality disorder patients', Frontiers in Psychiatry, vol. 10, 156. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00156

Steenfeldt, S , Sørensen, P & Nielsen, BL 2019, 'Effects of choice feeding and lower ambient temperature on feed intake, growth, foot health, and panting of fast- and slow-growing broiler strains', Poultry Science, vol. 98, no. 2, pp. 503-513. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey323

Gao, J, Yang, X, Zheng, B, Liu, Z, Zhao, J, Sun, S, Li, K & Dong, C 2019, 'Effects of climate change on the extension of the potential double cropping region and crop water requirements in Northern China', Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, vol. 268, pp. 146-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.01.009

Jespersen, E , Kirk, GH , Sorrell, BK , Eller, F, Ye, S & Brix, H 2019, 'Effects of climate warming on coastal wetland vegetation along a latitudinal gradient', WETPOL2019: 8th International Symposium on Wetland Pollutants Dynamics and Control, Aarhus, Denmark, 17/06/2019 - 21/06/2019 pp. 106. <http://wetpol.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Book_of_Abstracts_WETPOL2019.pdf>

Liliana, M, Castro, L & Radziwon, A 2019, 'Effects of Cluster Governance on Open Innovation practices of SMEs: Analysing Danish and French context', 6th Annual World Open Innovation Conference, Rome, Italy, 12/12/2019 - 13/12/2019.

Andersen, S , Axelsen, JB , Ringgaard, S , Nyengaard, JR , Hyldebrandt, JA, Bogaard, HJ, de Man, FS, Nielsen-Kudsk, JE & Andersen, A 2019, 'Effects of combined angiotensin II receptor antagonism and neprilysin inhibition in experimental pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular failure', International Journal of Cardiology, vol. 293, pp. 203-210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.06.065

Lindahl, C , Wagner, S , Uldbjerg, N , Schlütter, JM , Bertelsen, O & Sandager, P 2019, 'Effects of context-aware patient guidance on blood pressure self-measurement adherence levels', Health Informatics Journal, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 417-428. https://doi.org/10.1177/1460458217717073

Omiste, JJ & Madsen, LB 2019, 'Effects of core space and excitation levels on ground-state correlation and photoionization dynamics of Be and Ne', Journal of Chemical Physics, vol. 150, no. 8, 084305. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5082940

Kastl, C, Koch, RJ, Chen, CT, Eichhorn, J, Ulstrup, S, Bostwick, A, Jozwiak, C, Kuykendall, TR, Borys, NJ, Toma, FM, Aloni, S, Weber-Bargioni, A, Rotenberg, E & Schwartzberg, AM 2019, 'Effects of Defects on Band Structure and Excitons in WS2 Revealed by Nanoscale Photoemission Spectroscopy', ACS Nano, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 1284-1291. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b06574

Canibe, N 2019, Effects of Diet on the Gastrointestinal Microbial Ecosystem and Gut Gene Expression in Young Pigs: Effets du régime sur l’écosystème microbien gastro-intestinal et sur l’expression génétique de l’intestin chez les jeunes porcs . in Proceedings 2019 Animal Nutrition Conference of Canada ANCC. Animal nutrition Association of Canada, pp. 128-147, ANCC 2019 Animal Nutrition Conference of Canada
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Rakvaag, E , Lund, MD , Wiking, L , Hermansen, K & Gregersen, S 2019, 'Effects of Different Fasting Durations on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Sprague Dawley Rats', Hormone and Metabolic Research, vol. 51, no. 8, pp. 546-553. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0897-2496

Argyrousi, EK, Lagatta, DC, Schulutter, A, Weidner, MT, Zoller, J, van Goethem, NP, Joca, S, van den Hove, DLA & Prickaerts, J 2019, 'Effects of DNA methyltransferase inhibition on pattern separation performance in mice.', Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, vol. 159, pp. 6-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2019.02.003

Stolf, AR, Cupertino, RB, Müller, D, Sanvicente-Vieira, B, Roman, T, Vitola, ES, Grevet, EH, von Diemen, L, Kessler, FHP, Grassi-Oliveira, R, Bau, CHD, Rovaris, DL, Pechansky, F & Schuch, JB 2019, 'Effects of DRD2 splicing-regulatory polymorphism and DRD4 48 bp VNTR on crack cocaine addiction', Journal of Neural Transmission, vol. 126, no. 2, pp. 193-199. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-018-1946-5

Zhang, Y, Fox, AD, Cao, L, Jia, Q, Lu, C, Prins, HHT & de Boer, WF 2019, 'Effects of ecological and anthropogenic factors on waterbird abundance at a Ramsar site in the Yangtze River floodplain', Ambio, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 293–303. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-018-1076-1

Bislev, LS , Langagergaard Rødbro, L , Sikjær, T & Rejnmark, L 2019, 'Effects of Elevated Parathyroid Hormone Levels on Muscle Health, Postural Stability and Quality of Life in Vitamin D-Insufficient Healthy Women: A Cross-Sectional Study', Calcified Tissue International, vol. 105, no. 6, pp. 642-650. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-019-00612-2

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