Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

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Radgoudarzi, M 2026, Religious Minorities’ Rights in Shiite Islam: A Shift from Institutional Discrimination to Absolute Equality. in K Barkey & J Laurence (eds), Handbook on Religious Toleration in Comparative Perspective. 1 edn, vol. 1, 11, Springer, Switzerland, pp. 177-195. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-93898-6_12

Radgoudarzi, M 2026, Religious Minorities-States Relations in Modern Iran from Safavid Era to the Islamic Republic: Policies and Implications. in K Barkey & J Laurence (eds), Handbook on Religious Toleration in Comparative Perspective. 1 edn, vol. 1, 12, Springer, Switzerland, pp. 517-535. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-93898-6_28

Refskou, AS 2026, Remembering Lady Macbeth: Revision and Gender in The Memoirs of Johanne Luise Heiberg. in P Prescott & JF Cerdá (eds), Macbeth in European Culture, 1875-2025. Bloomsbury Academic.

Bøtker, HE 2026, 'Remote ischaemic conditioning in stroke: turning a corner?', European Heart Journal, vol. 47, no. 6, pp. 743-745. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaf610

Blauenfeldt, RA 2026, 'Remote ischemic conditioning in the thrombectomy era: The first step toward clinical neuroprotection?', Brain Circulation, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 78-80. https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_178_25

Blauenfeldt, R 2026, 'Remote ischemic conditioning in the thrombectomy era: The first step toward clinical neuroprotection?', Brain Circulation.

Qiu, J, Su, W, Xin, Q, Feng, S, Wang, X, Wang, S & Manevski, K 2026, Remote sensing of soil moisture in agroecosystems. in Agricultural Applications of Earth Observation. Elsevier, pp. 319-338. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-38345-8.00005-3

Muniz Sacco, FC, Venditti, S, Carvalho, PN , Kisielius, V, Wilmes, P, Steinmetz, H & Hansen, J 2026, 'Removal pathways of pharmaceuticals and personal care products within vertical flow constructed wetlands as a decentralized greywater treatment', Bioresource Technology, vol. 448, 134326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134326

Laursen, CCW, Lund, KN, Lunn, TH, Hägi-Pedersen, D, Therkelsen, ASN, Steensbæk, MT, Faugstad, BI, Anjum, S, Yilmaz, M, Pedersen, NA, Kappel, A, Graungaard, BK, Hollænder, PB, Runge, C, Lange, KHW, Varnum, C, Brorson, S, Lindberg-Larsen, M, Overgaard, S, Olsen, MH, Jakobsen, JC & Mathiesen, O 2026, 'Renal Adverse Events Associated With Ibuprofen Treatment After Hip and Knee Arthroplasties: A Protocol for the Preplanned Substudy of the PERISAFE Trial', Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, vol. 70, no. 4, e70218. https://doi.org/10.1111/aas.70218

Aramendía-Vidaurreta, V, Garcia-Ruiz, L, Aznárez-Sanado, M, Aastrup, M, Bozzetto, M, Brambilla, P, Echeverria-Chasco, R, Hansen, ESS, Micu, L, Mora-Gutierrez, JM, Pasini, S, Raj, A, Ringgaard, S, Strittmatter, A, Villa, G, Urdea, I, Bastarrika, G, Buus, NH, Garcia-Fernandez, N, Selby, NM, Trillini, M, Francis, ST, Itu, LM, Laustsen, C, Zöllner, FG, Caroli, A & Fernández-Seara, MA 2026, 'Renal Clinical Study Participants Support Data Sharing and Use of Artificial Intelligence', Kidney International Reports, vol. 11, no. 5, 106354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ekir.2026.106354

Aagaard, R , Hermansen, JL , Christensen, SK & Juhl-Olsen, P 2026, 'Renal doppler ultrasound: comparison of measurements sampled in different anatomical locations', Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10877-026-01413-3

Lyksholm, TZ , Duus, CL , Nielsen, SF , Thomsen, HH & Bech, JN 2026, 'Renal effects of short-term ketone monoester supplementation in healthy adults: A randomized, placebo-controlled study', Physiological Reports, vol. 14, no. 6, e70829. https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.70829

Smedegaard Ernst Bengtsen, S, Barnett, R, Carney, S, Feldt, JE, Manathunga, C, Sarauw, LL & Sonesson, A 2026, 'Renewal or despair? Critiquing the possibility of the university ', Imagining Collective Agency in Higher Education: Higher Education Futures for All, Aarhus, Denmark, 02/06/2026 - 04/06/2026.

Ljungberg, C, Carlsson, B, Shojaiyan, P, Franzén, S, Bech, JN, Chin, KL, Christiansen, CF & Thomsen, RW 2026, 'Renin-Aldosterone Profiles and Cardiorenal Outcomes in Hypertension: A Nationwide Cohort Study', Journal of the American College of Cardiology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2026.01.056

Kopf, C, Mbodj-Pouye, A, Geissler, WP & Meinert, L (eds) 2026, Repair across Africa: Mending, Making, and Material Care. Intellect. <https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/distributed/R/bo265673972.html>

Grohmann, A, Lenel, F & Herbold, S 2026, 'Repayment under flexible loan contracts: evidence based on high-frequency data', Economica, vol. 93, no. 369, pp. 160-187. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecca.70013

Kristensen, SK , Holm, MB, Maillard, L, Råmunddal, T, Guiducci, V, Stähli, BE, Žiubrytė, G, Westra, J, Van Belle, E, Erriquez, A, Koltowski, L, Mogensen, LJH, Escaned, J, Christiansen, EH , Holm, NR , Andersen, BK & The Favor Iii Europe Study Team 2026, 'Repeatability and quality assessment of QFR in the FAVOR III Europe trial: the REPEAT-QFR study', EuroIntervention, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. e55-e67. https://doi.org/10.4244/EIJ-D-25-00668

Jochumsen, MR , Sørensen, J , Christensen, NL , Haislund, M , Borre, M , Bouchelouche, K & Tolbod, LP 2026, 'Repeatability of tumour perfusion measurement with [15O]H2O PET in prostate cancer', EJNMMI Research.

Gaster, T, Nielsen, AW , Hansen, SB , Donskov, AO, Nielsen, MK, Hansen, IT , Nielsen, BD , Kjær, SG , Blegvad-Nissen, J , Møller Sørensen, C , Hauge, E-M , Jørgensen, JOL & Keller, KK 2026, 'Repeated short corticotropin testing in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica', Rheumatology, vol. 65, no. 2, keaf614. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keaf614

Lund, M , Madsen, C & Roer, H 2026, 'Replik til Orla Vigsøs anmeldelse af Retorikkens aktualitet', Rhetorica Scandinavica, no. 29.

Ornstrup, MJ , Berglund, A , Agerbæk, M & Gravholt, CH 2026, 'Reply: Reassessing pre-existing comorbidity patterns in testicular cancer: controversies and future directions', Human Reproduction Open, vol. 2026, no. 1, hoaf080. https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoaf080

Wibrand, C , Gaml-Sørensen, A, Bjerregaard, AA & Ramlau-Hansen, C 2026, 'Reply - Letter to the editor', Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, vol. 72, 102879. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.102879

Smeets, BJJ, Van Dijk, SHB, Vaes, SMM, Peters, EG, Nors, J, Back, CH, Leclercq, WKG, De Vries Reilingh, TS & Luyer, MDP 2026, 'Reply – Letter to the editor – “The effect of myopenia, myosteatosis and visceral obesity on postoperative complications and inflammation in colorectal surgery”', Clinical Nutrition ESPEN. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.102991

Molzen, L, Jepsen, P & Askgaard, G 2026, 'Reply to: “Comment on “Risk of alcohol-related liver disease and cause-specific mortality in individuals seeking treatment for alcohol use disorder””', Journal of Hepatology, vol. 84, no. 4, pp. e142-e143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2026.01.003

Dreyer, T & Jensen, JB 2026, 'Reply to Behzad Jazayeri, Xuefeng Wang, and Roger Li’s Letter to the Editor re: Thomas Dreyer, Simone Brandt, Knud Fabrin, et al. Use of the Xpert Bladder Cancer Monitor Urinary Biomarker Test for Guiding Cystoscopy in High-grade Non–muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: Results from the Randomized Controlled DaBlaCa-15 Trial. Eur Urol 2025;88:23–30', European Urology, vol. 89, no. 4, pp. e96-e96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2025.10.004

Galosi, E, Sachau, J, Baron, R, Finnerup, NB & Truini, A 2026, 'Reply to Chen and Yeh regarding clinical limitations of quantitative sensory testing in the diagnosis of small fiber neuropathy', Pain, vol. 167, no. 1, pp. 243-244. https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003787

Bonetti, L, Vestberg, T, Jafari, R, Seghezzi, D, Ingvar, M, Kringelbach, ML, Filgueiras, A & Petrovic, P 2026, 'Reply to Fitzgerald et al. Mischaracterizing our findings; the cognitive profile of elite footballers remains robust', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 123, no. 8, e2521662123. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2521662123

Lerbæk, B, Burholt, AK, Gregersen, LM, Slade, M, Castelein, S & Jørgensen, R 2026, 'Re-positioning Mental Health Experiences from Deficit to Asset: A Qualitative Study Exploring When the Idea of Becoming a Mental Health Peer Support Worker Takes Shape', Issues in Mental Health Nursing. https://doi.org/10.1080/01612840.2026.2634190

Coates, MM, Wolock, CJ & Arah, OA 2026, 'Re. Pre-diagnostic exposures and cancer survival: Can a meaningful causal estimand be specified?', Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), vol. 37, no. 1. https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0000000000001909

Shafiei, M, Farkas, C, Skarbøvik, E, Barneveld, R & Bieger, K 2026, 'Representing hydrological processes in a Norwegian catchment using SWAT+: leveraging soft data as process-based constraints in calibration', Hydrology Research, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 286-304. https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2026.190

Bek, T & Ometto, G 2026, 'Reproducibility in the identification of retinal positions on serial fundus photographs: Theory and limitations', Acta Ophthalmologica, vol. 104, no. 2, pp. 201-211. https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17566

Tairova, Z , Christensen, JPA & Azhar, M 2026, 'Reproductive disorders in amphipods as indicators of effects of hazardous substances in Danish waters', 26 p., Fagligt notat fra DCE – Nationalt Center for Miljø og Energi (2020-...), no. 21, vol. 2026. <https://dce.au.dk/fileadmin/dce.au.dk/Udgivelser/Notater_2026/N2026_21.pdf>

Winther-Lindqvist, DA, Josiasen, S-E, Kolmos, M, Nielsen, AM & Kousholt, D 2026, 'Research Circles on World-care in ECEC: a participatory research approach ', Qualitative Studies.

Mohammad-Rahimi, H, Ramani, R, Setzer, FC, Schwendicke, F , Pauwels, R & Nosrat, A 2026, 'Research That Matters: A Call for Enhancing Rigour and Relevance in Artificial Intelligence Research in Endodontics', International Endodontic Journal. https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.70094

Chen, H, Xia, H, Ding, G, Tan, Y, Xiao, W & Prishchepov, AV 2026, 'Reserve asset or empty promise?: Revealing the role of new croplands for improving food production potential in China', Resources, Conservation and Recycling, vol. 226, 108675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108675

Gustafsen, C , Vilstrup, J, Kristensen, M, Køster, D, Lende, J, Larsen, C, Simonsen, A, Graversen, A , Olsen, D , Pallesen, LT , Vægter, CB , Kresse, J-C , Schou, M , Weyer, K , Etzerodt, A , Palmfeldt, J , Kaas, M, Qureshi, O, Harrison, N, Cowley, J, Barnes, N, Galland, F, Naquet, P, Mazarakis, SMM, Greve, D, Quattropani, A, Glossop, P, Whitlock, G, Jensen, KT, Nielsen, SF , Madsen, P & Glerup, S 2026, 'Reshaping the progranulin/sortilin interaction for targeted degradation of extracellular proteins', Cell Chemical Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chembiol.2026.03.002

Ithurbide, M, Bouquet, A, Rupp, R, Puillet, L & Friggens, NC 2026, 'Resilience and Robustness in the Service of Longevity and Sustainable Efficiency in Dairy Production', Annual Review of Animal Biosciences, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 229-250. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-animal-041125-111332

Zhao, H & Falkheimer, J 2026, 'Resilience in Marginalized Communities During Crises: A Literature Review of Communication Scholarship', Media and Communication, vol. 14, 11437. https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.11437

Tutenges, S 2026, 'Résistance au djihadisme et prévention de proximité dans la culture de la rue: une ethnographie des milieux criminels', Déviance et société.

Nicolaisen, M 2026, 'Resistensforhold i kartoffelsorter i forhold til plantepatogene vira, 2025', No. 2026-0940519, 8 p., Mar 25, 2026. Rådgivningsnotat fra DCA - Nationalt Center for Fødevarer og Jordbrug.

Musih, N, Trillò, T & Hallinan, B 2026, 'Resisting climate imaginaries: future compass memes as combinatory mechanisms for imagining otherwise', Information, Communication & Society, pp. 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2026.2616761

Manning, E, Chinnaiya, K, Furley, C, Kim, DW, Blackshaw, S, Placzek, M & Place, E 2026, 'Resolving forebrain developmental organisation by analysis of differential growth patterns', Nature Communications, vol. 17, no. 1, 901. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-67623-6

Kovac, H, Amstrup, AB, Käfer, H, Sørensen, JG & Stabentheiner, A 2026, 'Respiratory metabolism and energetics of Polistes paper wasp larvae and pupae from differing climates.', Insectes Sociaux, vol. 73, no. 1, pp. 145-156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00040-025-01053-x

Eggertsen, CM, Dalbøge, A, Clausen, PA, Bønløkke, J , Kolstad, HA, Isaksson, M, Carstensen, O , Schlünssen, V & Christiansen, AG 2026, 'Respiratory symptoms among epoxy-exposed workers in the wind turbine industry: a cross-sectional study', Annals of Work Exposures and Health, vol. 70, no. 1, wxaf045. https://doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxaf045

Nissen, U 2026, Responding to Hope: Challenge for Bonhoeffer’s Ethics in Times of Climate Crisis. in M Mawson & D Rayson (eds), Bonhoeffer and Contemporary Challenges: Crisis and Hope. Bloomsbury T&T Clark, T&T Clark New Studies in Bonhoeffer's Theology and Ethics, pp. 55-63, XIV International Bonhoeffer Congress (2024), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, 14/01/2024. https://doi.org/10.5040/9780567720566

Maeng, M , Thrane, PG, Erlinge, D, Maehara, A & Stone, GW 2026, 'Response by Maeng et al to Letters Regarding Article, "Nonculprit Vulnerable Plaques and Prognosis in Myocardial Infarction With Versus Without ST-Segment Elevation: A PROSPECT II Substudy"', Circulation, vol. 153, no. 3, pp. e17-e18. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.125.077511

Sairanen, A, Juutinen, E, Larsen, T , Vestergaard, M & Rinne, M 2026, 'Responses of Nordic Red and Holstein dairy cows to reduced concentrate feed input on a grass silage-based diet', Livestock Science, vol. 304, 105894. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2026.105894

Du, S, Zhang, J, Tan, Y & Zhang, C 2026, 'Responses of upper-level frontogenesis in the middle latitudes to the Arctic stratospheric polar vortex during winter', Climate Dynamics, vol. 64, no. 3, 85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-026-08069-4

Kyng, KJ, Møller, AH, Skajaa, T , Kerrn-Jespersen, S , Bennedsgaard, K , Rubak, S , Kaae, R & Henriksen, TB 2026, 'Response to Comment on 'Improved Paediatric Procedural Competence and Knowledge After Training Using a Newborn Piglet Model'', Acta Paediatrica, vol. 115, no. 1, pp. 251-252. https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.70346

Thomsen, MS & Offersen, BV 2026, 'Response to comment on “Quality assessment of 2705 treatment plans in the randomised Danish breast cancer Group Skagen trial 1”', Radiotherapy and Oncology, vol. 214, 111286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2025.111286

Displaying results 3101 to 3150 out of 390064

Revised 08.12.2025

Lise Refstrup Linnebjerg Pedersen