Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

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Lassche, A & Visser, A 2019, 'Lezers in de marges van Vondels Palamedes: Een census van zeventiende-eeuwse edities', Nederlandse Letterkunde, vol. 24, pp. 35-63. https://doi.org/10.5117/NEDLET2019.1.002.LASS

Shi, R, Ning, L, Huang, Y, Tao, Y, Zheng, L, Li, Z & Liang, H 2019, 'Li4SrCa(SiO4)2:Eu2+: A Potential Temperature Sensor with Unique Optical Thermometric Properties', ACS applied materials & interfaces, vol. 11, no. 10, pp. 9691–9695. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b22754

Olsen, TV 2019, Liberal Democratic Sanctions in the EU. in A Malkopoulou & A Kirshner (eds), Militant Democracy and its Critics: Populism, Parties, Extremism. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, pp. 150-168. <https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3366/j.ctvnjbg7n.13?refreqid=excelsior%3A623261ee4478f1aebe51990f398e732d&seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents>

Nielsen, JV 2019, 'Liberation Censorship: Mass Surveillance of Transnational Communications in Denmark in the Year of Liberation, 1945'.

Dietrich, J 2019, Liberty, Freedom, and Autonomy in the Ancient World: a general introduction and comparison. in A Berlejung & A Maeir (eds), Research on Israel and Aram. Autonomy, Independence and Related Issues: Proceedings of the First Annual RIAB Center Conference, Leipzig, June 2016. Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, Orientalische Religionen in der Antike, vol. 34, pp. 3-22. <https://www.mohrsiebeck.com/uploads/tx_sgpublisher/produkte/leseproben/9783161577208.pdf>

Field, D 2019, 'Librating dipoles as a probe of spontaneously electrical films and as a source of THz radiation', Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, vol. 21, no. 48, pp. 26606-26614. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9cp05746c

Asif, MR, Qi, C, Wang, T, Fareed, MS & Khan, S 2019, 'License plate detection for multi-national vehicles – a generalized approach', Multimedia Tools and Applications, vol. 78, no. 24, pp. 35585-35606. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-019-08199-4

Asif, MR, Qi, C, Wang, T, Sadiq Fareed, M & Ali Reza, S 2019, 'License Plate Detection for Multi-national Vehicles: An Illumination Invariant Approach in Multi-lane Environment', Computers & Electrical Engineering, vol. 78, pp. 132-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2019.07.012

Smedegaard, SB & Svart, MV 2019, 'Licorice induced pseudohyperaldosteronism, severe hypertension, and long QT', Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports, vol. 2019, no. 1, 190109. https://doi.org/10.1530/EDM-19-0109

Foldager, FF , Pedersen, JM, Skov, EH, Evgrafova, A & Green, O 2019, 'Lidar-based 3d scans of soil surfaces and furrows in two soil types', Sensors (Switzerland), vol. 19, no. 3, 661. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19030661

Davis, FW, Synes, NW, Fricker, GA, McCullough, IM, Serra-Diaz, JM, Franklin, J & Flint, AL 2019, 'LiDAR-derived topography and forest structure predict fine-scale variation in daily surface temperatures in oak savanna and conifer forest landscapes', Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, vol. 269-270, pp. 192-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.02.015

Liu, D, Chen, P, Che, H, Liu, Z, Liu, Q, Song, Q, Chen, S, Xu, P, Zhou, Y, Chen, W, Han, B, Zhu, X, He, Y, Mao, Z & Le, C 2019, 'Lidar Remote Sensing of Seawater Optical Properties: Experiment and Monte Carlo Simulation', IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 57, no. 11, 8790744, pp. 9489-9498. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2019.2926891

Møller, RB & Sørensen, JK (eds) 2019, Lidenskab og livskvalitet gennem idræt. Aarhus Universitetsforlag, Aarhus.

Eriksson, B 2019, 'Lidt for stor distance til ungdommens intensitet: Ny italiensk roman vakler mellem roman og poesi', Litteraturmagasinet Standart, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 1.

Nielsen, HS 2019, Liesbeth Korthals Altes. in K Huisman (ed.), Liesbeth Korthals Altes. Privat forlag.

Jensen, C 2019, Life Cycle Risks and the Politics of the Welfare State. Aarhus Universitetsforlag, Aarhus.

Nordic Burden of Disease Collaborators 2019, 'Life expectancy and disease burden in the Nordic countries: results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017', The Lancet. Public health, vol. 4, no. 12, pp. e658-e669. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(19)30224-5

Udholm, S, Nyboe, C , Karunanithi, Z, Christensen, AI, Redington, A, Nielsen-Kudsk, JE & Hjortdal, VE 2019, 'Lifelong burden of small unrepaired atrial septal defect: Results from the Danish National Patient Registry', International Journal of Cardiology, vol. 283, pp. 101-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.02.024

Udholm, S 2019, 'Lifelong burden of small unrepaired atrial septal defect'.

Udholm, S, Nyboe, C , Karunanithi, Z, Christensen, AL, Redington, A, Nielsen-Kudsk, JE & Hjortdal, VE 2019, 'Lifelong burden of small unrepaired atrial septal defect: Results from the Danish National Patient Registry', 22nd Annual Update on Pediatric and Congenital Cardiovascular Disease, United States, 13/02/2019 - 17/02/2019.

Udholm, S, Nyboe, C , Karunanithi, Z, Christensen, AI, Redington, A, Nielsen-Kudsk, JE & Hjortdal, VE 2019, 'Lifelong burden of small unrepaired atrial septal defect: Results from the Danish National Patient Registry', World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery, vol. 10, no. 2. https://doi.org/10.1177/2150135119830271

Li, N, Friedrich, R, Maesano, CN, Medda, E, Brescianini, S, Stazi, MA, Sabel, CE, Sarigiannis, D & Annesi-Maesano, I 2019, 'Lifelong exposure to multiple stressors through different environmental pathways for European populations', Environmental Research, vol. 179, no. Part A, 108744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2019.108744

Fristrup, T & Zipsane, H 2019, Lifelong learning through heritage: Capacity building for re-engagement in later life. in T Fristrup (ed.), Socially engaged practices in museums and archives. Jamtli Forlag, Östersund, pp. 69-84.

Pedersen, AM , Straarup, K & Thomsen, DK 2019, 'Life stories and bipolar disorder: Do themes differ between female outpatients with remitted bipolar disorder and a non-clinical control group?'.

Thilsing, T, Larrabee Sonderlund, A, Søndergaard, J, Svensson, NH, Christensen, JR, Hvidt, NC & Bruun Larsen, L 2019, 'Lifestyle and mental well-being following participation in the TOF pilot-study', Ncgp2019, Aalborg, Denmark, 17/06/2019 - 20/06/2019.

Speyer, H, Jakobsen, AS, Westergaard, C, Nørgaard, HCB, Pisinger, C, Krogh, J, Hjorthøj, C, Nordentoft, M, Gluud, C, Correll, CU & Jørgensen, KB 2019, 'Lifestyle Interventions for Weight Management in People with Serious Mental Illness: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis, Trial Sequential Analysis, and Meta-Regression Analysis Exploring the Mediators and Moderators of Treatment Effects', Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, vol. 88, no. 6, pp. 350-362. https://doi.org/10.1159/000502293

Nielsen, SS, Skou, ST & Christensen, JR 2019, 'Lifestyle-oriented Occupational Therapy Intervention for Patients with Chronic Non-malignant Pain.', Occupational Science Europe 2019, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 29/08/2019 - 31/08/2019.

Kaspersen, MH , Hines, S , Moore, M , Rasmussen, MK & Dias, MA 2019, Lifting Kirigami Actuators Up Where They Belong: Possibilities for SCI. in DIS 2019 - Proceedings of the 2019 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference. Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 935-947, Designing Interactive Systems, San Diego, California, United States, 23/05/2019. https://doi.org/10.1145/3322276.3323688

Kristiansen, BL 2019, Ligebehandling som konfliktpunkt i regulering af trossamfundenes forhold. in L Christoffersen, A Jørgensen & S Andersen (eds), Religionsretlig lovgivning. Kirkeretsantologi 2019 : Trossamfundslov. Blasfemibestemmelse. Eksistensen Akademisk, København, pp. 109-119.

Itoh, Y, Langlotz, T, Iwai, D, Kiyokawa, K & Amano, T 2019, 'Light Attenuation Display: Subtractive See-Through Near-Eye Display via Spatial Color Filtering', IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, vol. 25, no. 5, 8676153, pp. 1951-1960. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2019.2899229

Moeslund, JE , Zlinszky, A , Ejrnæs, R , Brunbjerg, AK , Bøcher, PK , Svenning, JC & Normand, S 2019, 'Light detection and ranging explains diversity of plants, fungi, lichens, and bryophytes across multiple habitats and large geographic extent', Ecological Applications, vol. 29, no. 5, e01907. https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1907

Daugaard, S, Markvart, J, Bonde, JP, Christoffersen, J, Garde, AH, Hansen, ÅM , Schlünssen, V , Vestergaard, JM , Vistisen, HT & Kolstad, HA 2019, 'Light Exposure during Days with Night, Outdoor, and Indoor Work', Annals of Work Exposures and Health, vol. 63, no. 6, pp. 651-665. https://doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxy110

Osterhaus, W, Gentile, N, Garcia Alvarez, M, Amorim, CND & Altomonte, S 2019, Lighting designers improve lighting energy performance through user-centred lighting design. in J Ritter (ed.), Proceedings of the 8th Professional Lighting Design Convention (PLDC 2019). VIA-VERLAG, 8th Professional Lighting Design Convention, Rotterdam , Netherlands, 23/10/2019. <https://2019.pld-c.com/werner-osterhaus/>

Thøgersen, J , Bak, EN , Finster, K , Nørnberg, P , Jakobsen, HJ & Knak Jensen, SJ 2019, 'Light on windy nights on Mars: A study of saltation-mediated ionization of argon in a Mars-like atmosphere', Icarus, vol. 332, pp. 14-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2019.06.025

Schulz, H-J, Röhlig, M, Nonnemann, L, Aehnelt, M, Diener, H, Urban, B & Schumann, H 2019, Lightweight Coordination of Multiple Independent Visual Analytics Tools. in A Kerren, C Hurter & J Braz (eds), VISIGRAPP 2019 - Proceedings of the 14th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications. vol. 2, SCITEPRESS Digital Library, pp. 106-117, 10th International Conference on Information Visualization Theory and Applications, Prague, Czech Republic, 25/02/2019. https://doi.org/10.5220/0007571101060117

Van Meerbeek, K, Muys, B & Hermy, M 2019, 'Lignocellulosic biomass for bioenergy beyond intensive cropland and forests', Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 102, pp. 139-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.12.009

Laursen, HP 2019, 'Likes and loathing in the Middle Time: How Adolescents Time-space their Figured Literacy Worlds ', Cambridge Journal of Education, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 457-476. https://doi.org/10.1080/0305764X.2018.1556607

Andersen, LB 2019, 'Limbo in development projects', Development in Practice, vol. 29, no. 7, pp. 936-946. https://doi.org/10.1080/09614524.2019.1607824

Jørgensen, D 2019, Limit and threshold: knowledge and ethics in the making. in A Cooper & S Tinning (eds), Debating and defining borders: philosophical and theoretical perspectives. vol. 145, Routledge, Abingdon, pp. 138-151. https://doi.org/10.1061/JPEODX.0000113

Hammer, A, Landy, R, Rositch, A & Gravitt, P 2019, 'Limitations of simulation models for cervical cancer screening', Lancet Oncology, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 68. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30011-7

Paredes, D, Ramirez-Vargas, CA & Galeano León, C 2019, Limited artificial aireation as a strategy for improving the removal of contaminants in constructed wetland treating domestic wastewater. in C Arias, CA Ramirez-Vargas, L Peñacoba-Antona & H Brix (eds), Book of Abstracts 8th International Symposium on Wetland Pollutant Dynamics and Control: 17 – 21 June, 2019, Aarhus University, Denmark. Aarhus University, Aarhus, pp. 417, WETPOL2019: 8th International Symposium on Wetland Pollutants Dynamics and Control, Aarhus, Denmark, 17/06/2019. <http://wetpol.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Book_of_Abstracts_WETPOL2019.pdf>

Pulido-Moncada, M & Munkholm, LJ 2019, 'Limiting water range: A case study for compacted subsoils', Soil Science Society of America Journal, vol. 83, no. 4, pp. 982-992. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2019.01.0023

Shartau, RB, Damsgaard, C & Brauner, CJ 2019, 'Limits and patterns of acid-base regulation during elevated environmental CO2 in fish', Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, vol. 236, 110524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.110524

Grønbæk, TØB 2019, 'Limit Theorems for Harmonizable Lévy-driven Processes and Analysis of Sequential Medical Data'.

Passeggeri, R & Veraart, AED 2019, 'Limit theorems for multivariate Brownian semistationary processes and feasible results', Advances in Applied Probability, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 667-716. https://doi.org/10.1017/apr.2019.30

Nielsen, MS & Pedersen, J 2019, 'Limit theorems for quadratic forms and related quantities of discretely sampled continuous-time moving averages', ESAIM: Probability & Statistics, vol. 23, pp. 803-822. https://doi.org/10.1051/ps/2019008

Dakin, JM 2019, 'Linear and non-linear massive neutrinos in cosmological N-body simulations'.

Toma, S, Shibata, D, Chinello, F, Prattichizzo, D & Santello, M 2019, 'Linear integration of tactile and non-tactile inputs mediates estimation of fingertip relative position', Frontiers in Neuroscience, vol. 13, no. FEB, 68. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00068

Neumann, F-J, Sousa-Uva, M, Ahlsson, A, Alfonso, F, Banning, AP, Benedetto, U, Byrne, RA, Collet, J-P, Falk, V, Head, SJ, Jüni, P, Kastrati, A, Koller, A, Kristensen, SD, Niebauer, J, Richter, DJ, Seferovic', PM, Sibbing, D, Stefanini, GG, Windecker, S, Yadav, R & Zembala, MO 2019, 'Linee guida ESC/EACTS 2018 sulla rivascolarizzazione miocardica. Task Force sulla Rivascolarizzazione Miocardica della Società Europea di Cardiologia (ESC) e dell’Associazione Europea di Chirurgia Cardiotoracica (EACTS)', Giornale Italiano di Cardiologia , vol. 20, no. 7 suppl. 1, pp. 1S-61S. https://doi.org/10.1714/3203.31801

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