Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

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Ali, SD , Rasmussen, MH , Catalano, J, Frederiksen, CH & Weidner, T 2025, 'Bioinspired nanofilament coatings for scale reduction on steel', Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology, vol. 16, pp. 25-34. https://doi.org/10.3762/BJNANO.16.3

Eftekhari, A, Jensen, LO, Veien, K, Raungaard, B, Rasmussen, JG, Mæng, M , Terkelsen, CJ, Ellert-Gregersen, J, Støttrup, NB, Lassen, JF, Hansen, HS, Thim, T , Jensen, RV , Nielsen, R, Jensen, SE, Kristensen, SD, Hougaard, M, Junker, A, Christensen, MK, Aarøe, J, Frøslev, T , Jakobsen, L & Christiansen, EH 2025, 'Biolimus-Eluting Biomatrix Stent vs a Dual-Therapy Sirolimus-Eluting Stent in PCI: The SORT OUT XI Randomized Trial', Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 86, no. 2, pp. 106-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2025.05.012

Kai, P , Hansen, MJ, Callesen, GM & Jacobsen, BH 2025, 'Biological air cleaning in pig houses: - Technology description prepared as a basis for the revision of the BAT (Best Available Techniques) requirements of the Livestock Approval Order', No. 2022-0448024 & 2025-0884544., 39 p., Sept 16, 2025. Advisory paper from DCA – Danish Centre for Food and Agriculture.

Mallory, ML, Baak, JE, Collard, F, Gabrielsen, GW, Lu, Z, Lusher, AL, Provencher, JF, Strand, J & Zhao, H 2025, Biological Effects of Litter Entanglement. in The Effects of Plastic Pollution on Arctic Biota: Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP). Artic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP), pp. 5-16. <https://www.amap.no/documents/doc/the-effects-of-plastic-pollution-on-arctic-biota/3890>

Samuel, RJ, Winder, N, Busk, M , Lycke Wind, K, Guerra, G, Heriot, AG, Gilbert, DC, Macdonald, A & Garm Spindler, KL 2025, 'Biological features of squamous cell carcinoma of the anus: a deep dive review', ESMO Gastrointestinal Oncology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esmogo.2025.100157

Wang, Y, Wang, P, Tousey-Pfarrer, M, Ran, M, Ge, F & Zhang, J 2025, 'Biological rhythm patterns and internalising disorders among children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study', BMJ Open, vol. 15, no. 6, e085703. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085703

Emery, P & Gachon, FBM 2025, 'Biological rhythms: Living your life, one half-day at a time', NPJ Biological Timing and Sleep, vol. 2, 21. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44323-025-00037-1

Soendergaard, MB, Håkansson, KEJ, Hansen, S, Bjerrum, A-S , Schmid, JM, Johansson, SL, Rasmussen, LM, Bonnesen, B, Vijdea, R, von Bülow, A, Krogh, NS, Hilberg, O, Thomsen, SF, Ulrik, CS & Porsbjerg, C 2025, 'Biologic Prescription Patterns and Biomarker Determinants of First-Line Dupilumab in Danish Adult Patients With Severe Asthma and Comorbid Atopic Dermatitis', Clinical and Experimental Allergy, vol. 55, no. 12, pp. 1208-1218. https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.70117

Knowles, MA & Dyrskjøt, L 2025, Biology of Bladder Cancer: From Molecular Insights to Clinical Strategies. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-68505-7

Lara, AR, Andersen, MB, Madsen, AAV, Fønss, KG , Irla, M, Taymaz-Nikerel, H, Martínez, LM, Dicke, MD, Mann, M, Magnus, JB & Gosset, G 2025, 'Biomanufacturing Potential of Streamlined Cells', Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol. 122, no. 12, pp. 3309-3318. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.70070

Leppä, S, Meriranta, L, Arffman, M, Jørgensen, J, Karjalainen-Lindsberg, ML, Beiske, K, Pedersen, M, Drott, K, Pasanen, A, Karihtala, K, Mannisto, S, Wold, B, Brodtkorb, M, Fagerli, UM, Larsen, TS, Munksgaard, L, Sunela, K, Fluge, Ø, Jyrkkiö, S, Brown, P & Holte, H 2025, 'Biomarker-adapted treatment in high-risk large B-cell lymphoma', HemaSphere, vol. 9, no. 5, e70139. https://doi.org/10.1002/hem3.70139

Meattini, I, Coles, CE, Tramm, T, Borghesi, S, Krug, D, Montero, A, Nardone, V, Salvestrini, V, Valzano, M, Valentini, V, Aristei, C & Poortmans, P 2025, 'Biomarker-Directed Radiotherapy in Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review', JAMA Oncology, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 329-339. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.5780

Chopra, S, Bosse, T, Horeweg, N, Deodhar, K, Menon, S, Rafael, T, Pai, V, Rijstenberg, L, van Kemenade, F, Kannan, S, Mahantshetty, U, Segedin, B, Huang, F, Bruheim, K, Perez, M, Rai, B, Tan, LT, Giannakopoulos, N, Schmid, M, Tanderup, K, Pötter, R & Nout, RA 2025, 'Biomarker Expression and Clinical Outcomes in International Study of Chemoradiation and Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Image-Guided Brachytherapy for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: BIOEMBRACE', International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, vol. 121, no. 1, pp. 97-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2024.07.2316

Gillesberg, FS 2025, 'Biomarkers of Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: Response to Therapy in vitro and in vivo', PhD, Aarhus University.

Björkenheim, A, Sunnefeldt, E, Finke, K, Smith, DR, Fröbert, O & Brasier, N 2025, 'Biomarkers of inflammation in sweat after myocardial infarction', Scientific Reports, vol. 15, no. 1, 5564. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-90240-8

Sommer, SG , Bruhn, A, Thomsen, ST, Jensen, PD & Fretté, X 2025, Biomass. in SG Sommer, ML Christensen, B Norddahl, M Ambye-Jensen & MC Roda-Serrat (eds), Bioprocesses: A Comprehensive Guide to Sustainable Resources in the Non-Fossil Era. Cambridge University Press, pp. 8-81. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108950831.003

Lærke, PE , Pullens, JWM & Rodriguez Grisales, AF 2025, 'Biomass yield and greenhouse gas emissions of reed canary grass in a rewetting fen peatland',
International Conference on the Utilisation of Wetland Plants, Greifswald, Germany, 23/09/2025 - 26/09/2025. <https://rrr2025.com/files/doc/veranstaltungen/250922-RRR-ProgrammHeft-BookOfAbstract-corr.pdf>

Strack, D , Mesbah, M, Kirschke , JS & Karupppasamy, S 2025, 'Biomechanical Alterations Following Vertebral Fracture: A Patient-Specific L3-L5 Finite Element Analysis', World Congress of Orthopaedic Research, Adelaide, Australia, 08/10/2025 - 11/11/2025. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.28212.10884

Ambrose, HW , Engelbrecht, N , Alamia, A & Kofoed, MVW 2025, 'Biomethanation With Renewable Energy: Harnessing the Carbon-Water-Energy Nexus', 33rd European Biomass Conference & Exhibition , Valencia, Spain, 09/06/2025 - 12/06/2025.

Alstrup, AKO, Bie Thøstesen, C, Kristensen, NM, Johansson, DK & Pagh, S 2025, 'Biometrics of stranded white-beaked dolphins (Lagenorhynchus albirostris) in Danish waters', Aquatic Mammals, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 400-412. https://doi.org/10.1578/AM.51.4.2025.400

Shao, J, Wang, M, Huang, J, Wang, Y, Zhao, J, Wang, R, Xu, ZP, Jiang, J & Zhang, L 2025, 'Biomimetic Nanomedicines Deliver Naringin for Enhanced Acute Liver Failure Therapy via Balanced Regulation of Hepatocyte Oxidative Stress and Kupffer Cell Inflammation', Advanced Functional Materials, vol. 35, no. 42, 2502801, pp. 2502801. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202502801

Cui, F, Huang, QX, Yu, Z, Yang, JJ, Liang, SY, Wang, MQ, Zhu, J, Tian, C, Li, SX, Wang, HT, Chen, F, Li, YJ, Feng, X, Liu, RT & Zhang, L 2025, 'Biomimetic selenium nanomedicine with homologous targeting enhances hepatocellular carcinoma therapy', Materials Today Bio, vol. 35, 102441. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102441

Rodriguez-Palomo, A , Vibe, PAS , Vogel Jørgensen, MR & Birkedal, H 2025, 'Biomineral displays systematic spatially varying crystallographic properties in fibrolamellar bone as revealed by position resolved X-ray diffraction', Faraday Discussions, vol. 261, pp. 116-131. https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fd00030k

Domingos, LB 2025, 'Biomolecular signature of cannabidiol effects in a rat model of depression', PhD, Aarhus University.

Dong, M, Kuramae, EE, Zhao, M, Min, Y, Liu, S, Xu, X, Shen, Q, Li, R & Kowalchuk, GA 2025, 'Bio-organic fertilizer amendment helps suppress tomato bacterial wilt disease by improving aggregation and enhancing the pathogen inhibition capacity within micro-aggregates', Biology and Fertility of Soils, vol. 61, no. 8, pp. 1373-1389. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-025-01941-1

Fu, Y, Paradelo, M, Ravnskov, S , de Jonge, LW & Arthur, E 2025, 'Biophysical Drivers of Organic Material Decomposition in Long-Term Cropping Systems Across Contrasting Soil Textures', European Journal of Soil Science, vol. 76, no. 6, e70252. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.70252

Yahaya Seydou, AN, Sy, S, Quesada, B, Bliefernicht, J, Manevski, K, Amekudzi, LK, Appiah-Adjei, EK, Ogunjobi, KO, Traore, B, Gyamfi, C & Kunstmann, H 2025, 'Biophysical effects of land cover changes in West Africa: a systematic review', Environmental Research Letters, vol. 20, no. 7, 073001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/addbf4

Varvia, C 2025, 'BIO POLITICAL IMAGING Witnessing expanded and itinerant bodies', PhD, Aarhus University.

Jensen, NR 2025, 'Biopolitik og det sociale', Tidsskrift for Socialpædagogik, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 99-107.

Sommer, SG, Christensen, ML, Norddahl, B, Ambye-Jensen, M & Roda-Serrat, MC (eds) 2025, Bioprocesses: A Comprehensive Guide to Sustainable Resources in the Non-Fossil Era. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108950831

Gibb, JK, Williams, S, Mikelstiens, K, Charles, J, McKinnon, L, Beach, L, McKerracher, L & Fields, J 2025, 'Biosocial Factors Shaping Perceptions of Disease Risk Among a Community-Based Sample of Sexual and Gender Minority People Living in Toronto During the COVID-19 Pandemic', American Journal of Human Biology, vol. 37, no. 9, e70131. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.70131

Seeberg, J , Roepstorff, A & Hoybye, MT 2025, 'Biosocial vulnerabilities amidst the pandemic: Instrumentalizing social life for biological control in Denmark's COVID-19 response', Social Science & Medicine, vol. 378, 117907. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117907

Turner, AA, Clark, ML, Salas, L, Seymour, C, Snyder, RL, Lee, ATK, Ferraz, A, Schneider, F, Measey, J, Huisamen, J, Cloete, D, Hofmeyr, SD, Hagen, C, Leland, DF, Schackwitz, W, Adegbola, F, Hahndiek, E, Joseph, GS, Van Rooi, J, Fuchs, M, Thomas, S, Madlala, S, Spiby, J & Taljaard, P 2025, 'BioSoundSCape: A bioacoustic dataset for the Fynbos Biome', Scientific Data, vol. 12, no. 1, 1432. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-05685-3

Fløjgaard, C , Chetcuti, J , Clausen, KK , Dalby, L , Heldbjerg, H , Mielec, CLS , Hansen, RR & Ejrnæs, R 2025, Biotopplanernes effekt på biodiversiteten. Videnskabelig rapport fra DCE - Nationalt Center for Miljø og Energi, no. 645, vol. Videnskabelig rapport nr 645, DCE – Nationalt Center for Miljø og Energi. <https://dce.au.dk/fileadmin/dce.au.dk/Udgivelser/Videnskabelige_rapporter_600-699/SR645.pdf>

Vollmond, CV, Tetens, MM, Gerstoft, J, Kronborg, G, Johansen, IS, Larsen, CS, Porskrog, A, Dalager-Pedersen, M, Leth, S, Kessing, LV, Lebech, A-M, Obel, N & Omland, LH 2025, 'Bipolar disorder in people with HIV: A nationwide, population-based matched case-control and matched cohort study', AIDS (London, England), vol. 39, no. 3, 04049, pp. 253-260. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004049

Berk, M, Corrales, A, Trisno, R, Dodd, S, Yatham, LN, Vieta, E, McIntyre, RS, Suppes, T & Agustini, B 2025, 'Bipolar II disorder: a state-of-the-art review', World Psychiatry, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 175-189. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.21300

Mark-Christensen, A, Ebert, AC, Kirkegaard, K , Laurberg, S, Poulsen, G, Jess, T & Julsgaard, M 2025, 'Birth rates after laparoscopic and open ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis: a nationwide population-based cohort study', British Journal of Surgery, vol. 112, no. 7, znaf136. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjs/znaf136

Hansen, AL , Christiansen, CF, Brøns, C, Engelhard, LM, Hansen, T, Nielsen, JS, Vestergaard, P, Højlund, K, Jessen, N, Olsen, MH, Sørensen, HT, Rossing, P, Thomsen, RW & Vaag, A 2025, 'Birthweight and risk of chronic kidney disease after a type 2 diabetes diagnosis in the DD2 cohort', Diabetologia, vol. 68, no. 4, pp. 778-791. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-024-06357-4

Morviducci, M, Maraz, F, Ravaglia, C, Petrarulo, S, Dubini, A, Costantini, M, Diano, D, Blasi, F, Palange, P, Piciucchi, S & Poletti, V 2025, 'Bispecific T-Cell Engagers-Induced Interstitial Lung Disease: Two Case Reports Confirmed by Transbronchial Lung Cryobiopsy', Respiration, vol. 104, pp. 880-885. https://doi.org/10.1159/000547111

Muhonen, MH, Raittio, E, Olkkonen, L, Leinonen, KM & Leinonen, J 2025, 'Bitewing Radiographs in Proximal Caries Diagnostics and Restorative Treatment of Adults: A Retrospective Study of Electronic Health Records', Caries Research, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1159/000549383

Seefeldt, AM, Johansen, MI , Sillesen, FW , Petersen, ME , Østergaard, L , Meyer, RL & Jørgensen, NP 2025, 'Bithionol is ineffective in a mouse model of S. aureus implant-associated osteomyelitis despite potent in vitro activity', Scientific Reports, vol. 15, no. 1, 24156. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08879-2

Dybboe, M , Kaspersen, MH , Bjerrum, JB & Petersen, MG 2025, Bit:sort: Bringing Tangible Computing to Computer Science Unplugged to Support Children's Algorithmic Explorations. in Proceedings - 24th Annual ACM Interaction Design and Children Conference, IDC 2025. Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 429-443, 24th Annual ACM Interaction Design and Children Conference, IDC 2025, Reykjavik, Iceland, 23/06/2025. https://doi.org/10.1145/3713043.3728854

Lassen, MCH, Johansen, ND, Christensen, SH, Aliabadi, N, Skaarup, KG, Modin, D, Claggett, BL, Larsen, CS, Larsen, L, Wiese, L, Dalager-Pedersen, M, Lindholm, MG, Jensen, AMR, Dons, M, Bernholm, KF, Davidovski, FS, Duus, LS, Ottosen, CI, Nielsen, AB, Borchsenius, JH, Espersen, C, Köse, G, Fussing, FH, Pareek, M, Køber, L, Solomon, SD, Jensen, JUS, Martel, CJM, Gessner, BD, Schwarz, C, Gonzalez, E, Skovdal, M, Moulton, LH, Zhang, P, Begier, E & Biering-Sørensen, T 2025, 'Bivalent RSV Prefusion F Protein-Based Vaccine for Preventing Cardiovascular Hospitalizations in Older Adults: A Prespecified Analysis of the DAN-RSV Trial', JAMA, vol. 334, no. 16, pp. 1431-1441. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.15405

Mølhave, M, Lyhne, NM, Jensen, DF, Nielsen, SH, Hahn, P, Holm, JK, Ovesen, T & Bertelsen, J 2025, 'BiZact versus cold steel for post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage: a multicenter randomized trial', European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, vol. 282, no. 12, pp. 6449-6457. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09703-3

Farver, CW 2025, 'Blå', Litteraturmagasinet Standart, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 81-84. <https://standart.nu/1-2025>

Al-Haj Husain, A, Kessler, P, Lie, SAN, Drack, S, Burian, E, Sandhu, S, Wagner, MEH, Stadlinger, B, Frauenfelder, T, Colacicco, G, Spin-Neto, R & Essig, H 2025, 'Black bone and CT-like MRI-based delineation of fracture-prone regions in oral and maxillofacial trauma', Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, vol. 29, no. 1, 136. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-025-01431-6

Tolstrup, J 2025, Black Knights. in T Ambrosio & S Hall (eds), Encyclopedia of Authoritarianism . Edward Elgar Publishing.

Pourhadi, N, Janbek, J, Gasse, C , Laursen, TM, Meaidi, A, Jensen-Dahm, C & Waldemar, G 2025, 'Bladder drugs and risk of dementia: Danish nationwide active comparator study', BMJ Medicine, vol. 4, no. 1, e001125. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjmed-2024-001125

Petersen, SR , Bonnesen, K , Larsen, JB , Pedersen, L & Schmidt, M 2025, 'Bleeding risk using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation: a nationwide cohort study', European Heart Journal - Quality of Care & Clinical Outcomes, vol. 11, no. 8, pp. 1340–1350. https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjqcco/qcaf076

Petersen, SR , Bonnesen, K , Grove, EL , Pedersen, L & Schmidt, M 2025, 'Bleeding risk using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with anticoagulants after venous thromboembolism: a nationwide Danish study', European Heart Journal, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 58-68. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehae736

Displaying results 6501 to 6550 out of 391126

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Revised 08.12.2025

Lise Refstrup Linnebjerg Pedersen