Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

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Pedersen, NA 2019, '[Book Review of] Paul-Hubert Poirier & Timothy Pettipiece, Biblical and Manichaean Citations in Titus of Bostra's Against the Manichaeans: An Annotated Inventory. Turnhout 2017', Vigiliae Christianae, vol. 73, no. 4, pp. 463-468. https://doi.org/10.1163/15700720-12341387

Jerne, C 2019, 'Book review: Tereza Kuldova, How Outlaws Win Friends and Influence People', Crime Media Culture, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 551- 554.

Vangkilde, KT 2019, 'Book Review: Yoko Akama, Sarah Pink, and Shanti Sumartojo (2018). Uncertainty and Possibility. New Approaches to Future Making in Design Anthropology', Anthropos, vol. 114, no. 2.

Dai, Y, Bu, Q, Sooriyagoda, R, Tavadze, P, Pavlic, O, Lim, T, Shen, Y, Mamakhel, A, Wang, X, Li, Y, Niemantsverdriet, H, Iversen, BB , Besenbacher, F, Xie, T, Lewis, JP, Bristow, AD, Lock, N & Su, R 2019, 'Boosting Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production by Modulating Recombination Modes and Proton Adsorption Energy', Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, vol. 10, no. 18, pp. 5381-5386. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01460

Dovonon, P, Gonçalves, S, Hounyo, U & Meddahi, N 2019, 'Bootstrapping High-Frequency Jump Tests', Journal of the American Statistical Association, vol. 114, no. 526, pp. 793-803. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.2018.1447485

Chen, K-L, Li, C & Møller, C 2019, Bootstrapping Product-Service Business: An Experimental Data-Driven Approach. in ISPIM Conference Proceedings. ISPIM Innovation Conference, Florence, Italy, 16/06/2019. <https://www.proquest.com/docview/2297092414/fulltextPDF/CBD20719CFF74E0BPQ/1?accountid=14468>

Kristensen, SB 2019, 'Børn af efterkommeres egne perspektiver på intergenerationelle processer', Paper presented at Migration og integration i et generationelt perspektiv, 04/11/2019 - 05/11/2019.

Larsen, KB 2019, 'Børnebibelen som kulturelt erindringssted mellem kirkekristendom og kulturkristendom', Prismet, no. 2, pp. 125-140. https://doi.org/10.5617/pri.6956

Mygind, S 2019, 'Børnelitteratur i transmedial bevægelse', Aarhus. https://doi.org/10.7146/aul.325.220

Wistoft, K 2019, 'Børnemad - når smag overhaler sundhed', Politiken, kroniken.

Dalgaard, T 2019, Bornholms Regionskommune: natur og landskab: udnyttelsen af landskabet i dag. in NE Koch (ed.), Trap Danmark: Brøndby, Hvidovre, Tårnby, Dragør, Bornholm. 6 edn, vol. 31, Gad, København, pp. 278-280.

Rölfing, JD , Kristensen, NK & Bünger, M 2019, 'Børn med åbenlyse knoglebrud kan fejle mere end én ting', Ugeskrift for Læger, vol. 181, no. 6, V11180763. <https://ugeskriftet.dk/videnskab/born-med-abenlyse-knoglebrud-kan-fejle-mere-end-en-ting>

Bøttcher, L 2019, Børn og unge med autismespektrumforstyrrelser eller ADHD og udsathed. in C Mosbye-Jensen (ed.), Diagnoser i myndighedsarbejde: børn og unge med autisme eller ADHD. Samfundslitteratur, Frederiksberg, pp. 49-73.

Lund, HR 2019, Børns perspektiv på litteraturformidling. Nationalt Videncenter for Læsning, København. <https://www.videnomlaesning.dk/media/2980/boerns-perspektiv-paa-litteraturformidling.pdf>

Kabel, K , Bundsgaard, J, Bremholm, J & Berthelsen, UD 2019, 'Børns skriveudvikling i skolens første år: En analysemodel til automatiseret scoring af elevtekster', NNMF 7: Morsmålsfaget som fag og forskningsfelt, Trondheim, Norway, 23/10/2019 - 24/10/2019.

Johansen, SL & Larsen, MC 2019, Børn, unge og medier. Samfundslitteratur, Frederiksberg.

Rønkilde, JB 2019, Bør samfundet have større indflydelse på kirken?. Kristendom.dk.

Lodberg, P 2019, Bosættelser. in Kristne i Palæstina: - en guide. 1 edn, pp. 37-44.

Berg, SK, Rasmussen, TB, Mols, RE , Thorup, CB, Borregaard, B, Christensen, AV, Cromhout, PF, Ekholm, O, Juel, K & Thrysoee, L 2019, 'Both mental and physical health predicts one year mortality and readmissions in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators: findings from the national DenHeart study', European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 96-105. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474515118794598

Bernhard, C, Roeters, SJ, Bauer, KN, Weidner, T, Bonn, M, Wurm, FR & Gonella, G 2019, 'Both Poly(ethylene glycol) and Poly(methyl ethylene phosphate) Guide Oriented Adsorption of Specific Proteins', Langmuir, vol. 35, no. 43, pp. 14092-14097. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02275

Hedegaard, RE , Kristensen, MH , Pedersen, TH, Brun, A & Petersen, S 2019, 'Bottom-up modelling methodology for urban-scale analysis of residential space heating demand response', Applied Energy, vol. 242, no. May, pp. 181-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.03.063

Hedebo Hansen, T, Guldberg, R & Meinert, M 2019, 'Botulinum toxin-treatment of localized provoked vulvodynia refractory to conventional treatment', European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, vol. 234, no. March, pp. 6-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2018.12.013

Rekand, T, Biering-Sörensen, B, He, J, Vilholm, OJ, Christensen, PB, Ulfarsson, T, Belusa, R, Ström, T, Myrenfors, P, Maisonobe, P & Dalager, T 2019, 'Botulinum toxin treatment of spasticity targeted to muscle endplates: An international, randomised, evaluator-blinded study comparing two different botulinum toxin injection strategies for the treatment of upper limb spasticity', BMJ Open, vol. 9, no. 5, e024340. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024340

Ünalan, O & Thrane, C 2019, 'Boundaries for the applicability of the Lean Start-up method', Paper presented at RENT 2019, Berlin, Germany, 27/11/2019 - 29/11/2019.

Johansen, S & Nielsen, B 2019, 'Boundedness of M-estimators for linear regression in time series', Econometric Theory, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 653-683. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266466618000257

Obelitz-Ryom, K, Bering, SB, Overgaard, SH, Eskildsen, SF , Ringgaard, S , Olesen, JL, Skovgaard, K, Pankratova, S, Wang, B, Brunse, A, Heckmann, AB, Rydal, MP, Sangild, PT & Thymann, T 2019, 'Bovine Milk Oligosaccharides with Sialyllactose Improves Cognition in Preterm Pigs', Nutrients, vol. 11, no. 6, 1335. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11061335

Elfeki, H , Larsen, HM , Emmertsen, KJ , Christensen, P, Youssef, M, Khafagy, W, Omar, W & Laurberg, S 2019, 'Bowel dysfunction after sigmoid resection for cancer and its impact on quality of life', British Journal of Surgery, vol. 106, no. 1, pp. 142-151. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.10979, https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.10979

Hansen, BB 2019, 'Brænder du også for at gå op i røg?', Dagbladet Information.

Winther, M 2019, 'Brændstofforbrug og emissioner for flys hovedmotorer og brug af hjælpemotorer (APU) i Billund Lufthavn i 2014-2018', 8 p., Notat fra DCE - Nationalt Center for Miljø og Energi (2011-2019). <https://dce.au.dk/fileadmin/dce.au.dk/Udgivelser/Notater_2019/Billund_Lufthavn_2014_2018.pdf>

Borghammer, P & Van Den Berge, N 2019, 'Brain-First versus Gut-First Parkinson's Disease: A Hypothesis', Journal of Parkinson's Disease, vol. 9, no. s2, pp. S281-S295. https://doi.org/10.3233/JPD-191721

Horsager, J , Knudsen, K , Andersen, K , Skjaerbaek, C, Fedorova, T, Geday, J, Kraft, J, Bech, E , Danielsen, E , Moller, M , Pavese, N , Brooks, D & Borghammer, P 2019, '"Brain-first" vs. "body-first" Parkinson's disease is determined by RBD-status - a multi-modality imaging study', Movement Disorders, vol. 34, no. S2, pp. S796-S796. <https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/brain-first-vs-body-first-parkinsons-disease-is-determined-by-rbd-status-a-multi-modality-imaging-study/>

Paternoster, V , Svanborg, M , Edhager, AV , Rajkumar, AP , Eickhardt, EA , Pallesen, J , Grove, J , Qvist, P , Fryland, T , Wegener, G , Nyengaard, JR , Mors, O , Palmfeldt, J , Børglum, AD & Christensen, JH 2019, 'Brain proteome changes in female Brd1+/- mice unmask dendritic spine pathology and show enrichment for schizophrenia risk', Neurobiology of Disease, vol. 124, pp. 479-488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2018.12.011

Deco, G, Cruzat, J & Kringelbach, ML 2019, 'Brain songs framework used for discovering the relevant timescale of the human brain', Nature Communications, vol. 10, 583. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-08186-7

Hansen, TM, Brock, B , Juhl, A , Drewes, AM , Vorum, H , Andersen, CU , Jakobsen, PE, Karmisholt, JS, Frøkjær, JB & Brock, C 2019, 'Brain spectroscopy reveals that N-acetylaspartate is associated to peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy in type 1 diabetes', Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 323-328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.12.016

Mrachacz-Kersting, N, Stevenson, AJT, Jørgensen, HRM, Severinsen, KE, Aliakbaryhosseinabadi, S, Jiang, N & Farina, D 2019, 'Brain state–dependent stimulation boosts functional recovery following stroke', Annals of Neurology, vol. 85, no. 1, pp. 84-95. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.25375

Stephan, M 2019, Branding Netflix with nostalgia: totemic nostalgia, adaptation, and the postmodern turn. in K Pallister (ed.), Netflix nostalgia: streaming the past on demand. Lexington Books, Lanham, MD, pp. 25-39.

Casteran, G, Chrysochou, P & Meyer-Waarden, L 2019, 'Brand Loyalty Evolution and the Impact of Category Characteristics', Marketing Letters, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 57-73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11002-019-09484-w

Kieffer-Døssing, A & Kieffer-Døssing, G 2019, 'Brasiliens oprindelige folk frygter folkemord', Dagbladet Information, vol. Sektion 1 , e70b5000, pp. 8-9.

Frederik, S & Fischer, G 2019, 'Brazilian History as Global History', Bulletin of Latin American Research, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 408-422. https://doi.org/10.1111/blar.12781

Griffiths, AG, Moraga, R, Tausen, M , Gupta, V, Bilton, TP, Campbell, MA, Ashby, R, Nagy, I, Khan, A, Larking, A, Anderson, C, Franzmayr, B, Hancock, K, Scott, A, Ellison, NW, Cox, MP, Asp, T , Mailund, T , Schierup, MH & Andersen, SU 2019, 'Breaking Free: The Genomics of Allopolyploidy-Facilitated Niche Expansion in White Clover', The Plant Cell, vol. 31, no. 7, pp. 1466-1487. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.18.00606

Larsen, SE 2019, Breaking the silence: cultural and legal encounters. in C Battisti & S Fiorato (eds), Law and the humanities: cultural perspectives. De Gruyter, Berlin, Law and Literature, vol. 17, pp. 349-369.

Abdelmalak, MM, Planke, S, Polteau, S, Hartz, EH, Faleide, JI, Tegner, C, Jerram, DA, Millett, JM & Myklebust, R 2019, 'Breakup volcanism and plate tectonics in the NW Atlantic', Tectonophysics, vol. 760, pp. 267-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2018.08.002

Bonner, L, Kristensen, M, Lauritsen, SM , Overgaard, J , Offersen, BV, Kroman, N, Jensen, AB , Nielsen, HM , Zachariae, R & Christensen, P 2019, 'Breast Cancer Late Effects: Aiming to better the lives of breast cancer survivors by informing about, predicting and preventing late effects', Danske Kræftforskningsdage. , Odense, Denmark, 29/08/2019 - 30/08/2019.

Dalsgaard, BT, Domingo, MR, Kronborg, H & Dalsgaard, BT 2019, 'Breastfeeding and skin-to-skin contact as non-pharmacological prevention of neonatal hypoglycemia in infants born to women with gestational diabetes: a Danish quasi-experimental study', Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare, vol. 19, pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srhc.2018.10.003

Simony, C, Andersen, IC, Bodtger, U & Birkelund, R 2019, 'Breathing through a troubled life - a phenomenological-hermeneutic study of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients' lived experiences during the course of pulmonary rehabilitation', International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being, vol. 14, no. 1, 1647401. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482631.2019.1647401

Cong, W, Meyer, V, Klitgaard, G, Grønbæk, O & Eriksen, J 2019, Breeding forb species for intensively managed multi-species mixtures. Grassland Science in Europe 24. in 20th Symposium of the European Grassland Federation, Zürich 24-27 June 2019. pp. 89.

Malik, PL, Janss, L, Nielsen, LK, Borum, F, Jørgensen, H, Eriksen, B, Schjoerring, JK & Rasmussen, SK 2019, 'Breeding for dual-purpose wheat varieties using marker–trait associations for biomass yield and quality traits', Theoretical and Applied Genetics, vol. 132, no. 12, pp. 3375-3398. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-019-03431-z

Clifton-Brown, J, Harfouche, A, Casler, MD, Dylan Jones, H, Macalpine, WJ, Murphy-Bokern, D, Smart, LB, Adler, A, Ashman, C, Awty-Carroll, D, Bastien, C, Bopper, S, Botnari, V, Brancourt-Hulmel, M, Chen, Z, Clark, LV, Cosentino, S, Dalton, S, Davey, C, Dolstra, O, Donnison, I, Flavell, R, Greef, J, Hanley, S, Hastings, A, Hertzberg, M, Hsu, TW, Huang, LS, Iurato, A, Jensen, E, Jin, X, Jørgensen, U, Kiesel, A, Kim, DS, Liu, J, McCalmont, JP, McMahon, BG, Mos, M, Robson, P, Sacks, EJ, Sandu, A, Scalici, G, Schwarz, K, Scordia, D, Shafiei, R, Shield, I, Slavov, G, Stanton, BJ, Swaminathan, K, Taylor, G, Torres, AF, Trindade, LM, Tschaplinski, T, Tuskan, GA, Yamada, T, Yeon Yu, C, Zalesny, RS, Zong, J & Lewandowski, I 2019, 'Breeding progress and preparedness for mass-scale deployment of perennial lignocellulosic biomass crops switchgrass, miscanthus, willow and poplar', Global change biology. Bioenergy, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 118-151. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12566

Kjeldgaard-Christiansen, J 2019, 'Breuer, Johannes, Daniel Pietschmann, Benny Liebold, and Benjamin P. Lange, eds. 2018. Evolutionary Psychology and Digital Games: Digital Hunter-Gatherers.', Evolutionary Studies in Imaginative Culture, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 97-100. https://doi.org/10.26613/esic.3.2.147

Gregersen, AB 2019, 'Breve lige til tiden: Voltaire - Filosofiske Breve: Om den engelske nation', Filosofiske Anmeldelser, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 111-115.

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