Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

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Salamone, S , Clement, LL , Viuff, AH , Andersen, OJ , Jensen, F & Jensen, HH 2015, 'Synthesis and evaluation of galacto-noeurostegine and its 2-deoxy analogue as glycosidase inhibitors', Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, vol. 13, no. 29, pp. 7979-7992. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ob01062d

Haldrup, S , Catalano, J, Zharov, I & Bentien, A 2015, 'Synthesis and Optimization of Self-assembled, Post-functionalized Nanoporous Silica Membranes for Energy Conversion Processes', 25th Annual Meeting of the North American Membrane Society, Boston, United States, 29/05/2015 - 03/06/2015.

Haldrup, S , Catalano, J, Zharov, I & Bentien, A 2015, 'Synthesis and Optimization of Self-assembled, Post-functionalized Nanoporous Silica Membranes for Energy Conversion Processes.', 25th Annual Meeting of the North American Membrane Society, Boston, United States, 29/05/2015 - 03/06/2015. <https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/nams15/webprogram/Paper407248.html>

Städe, LW, Nielsen, TT, Duroux, L, Wimmer, R, Shimizu, K & Larsen, KL 2015, 'Synthesis and surface grafting of a β-cyclodextrin dimer facilitating cooperative inclusion of 2,6-ANS', Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol. 11, pp. 514-523. https://doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.11.58

Wang, Z, Li, P, Chen, Y, Liu, J, Zhang, W, Guo, Z , Dong, MD & Li, Y 2015, 'Synthesis, characterization and electrical properties of silicon-doped graphene films', Journal of Materials Chemistry C, vol. 3, pp. 6301-6306. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5tc00563a

Aziz, DM, Hama, J & Alam, SM 2015, 'Synthesising a novel derivatives of piperine from black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)', Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 324. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-015-9239-2

Yin, H , de Almeida, AM, De Almeida, MV, Lindhardt, AT & Skrydstrup, T 2015, 'Synthesis of acyl carbamates via four component Pd-catalyzed carbonylative coupling of aryl halides, potassium cyanate, and alcohols', Organic Letters, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 1248-1251. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00221

Sørensen, SG , Ulstrup, S , Bianchi, M , Dendzik, M , Sanders, CE , Lauritsen, JV , Hofmann, P & Miwa, JA 2015, 'Synthesis of Epitaxial Single-Layer MoS₂ on Au(111)', Langmuir, vol. 31, no. 35, pp. 9700-9706. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02533

Steinkamp, A-D, Seling, N, Lee, S , Boedtkjer, E & Bolm, C 2015, 'Synthesis of N-cyano-substituted sulfilimine and sulfoximine derivatives of S0859 and their biological evaluation as sodium bicarbonate co-transport inhibitors', MedChemComm, vol. 6, pp. 2163-2169.

Dolatshahi-Pirouz, A , Kolind, K, Pennisi, CP, Duroux, M, Zachar, V, Foss, M & Besenbacher, F 2015, 'Synthesis of nano- and micro-scale topographies by combining colloidal lithography and glancing angle deposition (GLAD)', Advanced Engineering Materials, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 8-13. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.201400044

Roelsgaard, M , Nørby, P , Søndergaard, M & Iversen, BB 2015, 'Synthesis of Schafarzikite Functional Materials and Utilisation in Lithium Ion Batteries', 1st Inorganic Graduate Student Seminar, Odense, Denmark, 10/06/2015 - 10/06/2015.

Payandeh GharibDoust, S , Ravnsbæk, D & Jensen, TR 2015, 'Synthesizing borohydrides with low decomposition temperature for hydrogen storage', Danscatt Annual meeting 2015, Aarhus, Denmark, 28/05/2015 - 29/05/2015.

Jasinska-Walc, L, Bouyahyi, M, Rozanski, A, Graf, R, Hansen, MR & Duchateau, R 2015, 'Synthetic Principles Determining Local Organization of Copolyesters Prepared from Lactones and Macrolactones', Macromolecules, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 502-510. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma502262e

Pedersen, NA 2015, Syriac Texts in Manichaean Script: New Evidence. in SG Richter, C Horton & K Ohlhafer (eds), Mani in Dublin: Selected Papers from the Seventh International Conference of the International Association of Manichaean Studies in the Chester Beatty Library, Dublin, 8-12 September 2009. Brill, Leiden & Boston, Nag Hammadi and Manichaean Studies, vol. 88, pp. 284-288. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004289123_017

Canali, S, Campanelli, G, Ciaccia, C, Tittarelli, F, Bavec, F, von Fragstein, P, Burgio, G, Ortolani, L & Kristensen, HL 2015, 'System assessment of organic living mulch for cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) cropping systems', Acta Horticulturae, vol. 1103, pp. 91-100. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1103.14

Nowak, J, Seidel, C, Pietsch, T, Alkonyi, B, Fuss, TL, Friedrich, C, von Hoff, K, Rutkowski, S & Warmuth-Metz, M 2015, 'Systematic comparison of MRI findings in pediatric ependymoblastoma with ependymoma and CNS primitive neuroectodermal tumor not otherwise specified', Neuro-Oncology, vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 1157-65. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/nov063

Adamsen, CQ , Møller, A & Mezzetti, G 2015, Systematic Execution of Android Test Suites in Adverse Conditions. in Proceedings of the 2015 International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis, ISSTA '15. Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 83-93 , International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis (ISSTA), United States, 12/07/2015. https://doi.org/10.1145/2771783.2771786

Luo, X-J, Mattheisen, M, Li, M, Huang, L, Rietschel, M, Børglum, AD , Als, TD, van den Oord, EJ, Aberg, KA, Mors, O , Mortensen, PB, Luo, Z, Degenhardt, F, Cichon, S, Schulze, TG, Nöthen, MM, Su, B, Zhao, Z, Gan, L, Yao, Y-G & iPSYCH-GEMS SCZ working group (Jakob Grove, member) 2015, 'Systematic Integration of Brain eQTL and GWAS Identifies ZNF323 as a Novel Schizophrenia Risk Gene and Suggests Recent Positive Selection Based on Compensatory Advantage on Pulmonary Function', Schizophrenia Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbv017

Lund, MV, Borge, MJG, Briz, JA, Cederkäll, J, Fynbo, HOU , Jensen, JH, Jonson, B, Laursen, KL, Nilsson, T, Perea, A, Pesudo, V, Riisager, K & Tengblad, O 2015, 'Systematic trends in beta-delayed particle emitting nuclei: The case of βpα emission from ²¹Mg', Physics Letters B, vol. 750, pp. 356-359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2015.09.044

Bro-Jeppesen, J, Kjaergaard, J, Wanscher, M, Nielsen, N, Friberg, H, Bjerre, M & Hassager, C 2015, 'Systemic Inflammatory Response and Potential Prognostic Implications After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Substudy of the Target Temperature Management Trial', Critical Care Medicine, vol. 43, no. 6, pp. 1223. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0000000000000937

Young , M, Sørensen, MP , Bloch, CW & Degn, L 2015, 'Systemic Rejection: political pressures seen from the science system: (previous title: Breakthroughs and Excellence: Between Science and Economy)', Paper presented at ECPR General Conference 2015, Montreal, Canada, 26/08/2015 - 29/08/2015. <http://ecpr.eu/Events/PaperDetails.aspx?PaperID=24369&EventID=94>

Salleh, SM, Höglund, J , Løvendahl, P & Kadarmideen, HN 2015, Systems genetics and transcriptomics of feed efficiency in Nordic dairy cattle. in European Association for Animal Production. Annual Meeting. Book of Abstracts. EAAP Book of Abstracts, pp. 158-158, 66th Annual Meeting of the European Federation of Animal Science, Warsaw, Poland, 31/08/2015.

Johnson, MR, Behmoaras, J, Bottolo, L, Krishnan, ML, Pernhorst, K, Santoscoy, PLM, Rossetti, T, Speed, D, Srivastava, PK, Chadeau-Hyam, M, Hajji, N, Dabrowska, A, Rotival, M, Razzaghi, B, Kovac, S, Wanisch, K, Grillo, FW, Slaviero, A, Langley, SR, Shkura, K, Roncon, P, De, T, Mattheisen, M, Niehusmann, P, O'Brien, TJ, Petrovski, S, von Lehe, M, Hoffmann, P, Eriksson, J, Coffey, AJ, Cichon, S, Walker, M, Simonato, M, Danis, B, Mazzuferi, M, Foerch, P, Schoch, S, De Paola, V, Kaminski, RM, Cunliffe, VT, Becker, AJ & Petretto, E 2015, 'Systems genetics identifies Sestrin 3 as a regulator of a proconvulsant gene network in human epileptic hippocampus', Nature Communications, vol. 6, pp. 6031. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7031

Mazzoni, G, Kogelman, LJA, Suravajhala, PN & Kadarmideen, H 2015, 'Systems genomics using next-generation sequencing methods', International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 264-279. https://doi.org/10.17706/ijbbb.2015.5.4.264-279

Nielsen, CB , Larsen, PG, Fitzgerald, J, Woodcock, J & Peleska, J 2015, 'Systems of Systems Engineering: Basic Concepts, Model-Based Techniques, and Research Directions', A C M Computing Surveys, vol. 48, no. 2. https://doi.org/10.1145/2794381

Lúcio, L, Oakes, BJ, Gomes, C, Selim, GMK, Dingel, J, Cordy, JR & Vangheluwe, H 2015, 'SyVOLT: Full model transformation verification using contracts', CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol. 1554, pp. 24-27. <https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1554/PD_MoDELS_2015_paper_8.pdf>

Korsgaard, O 2015, Tabernes evangelium. in Aarhus Stift 2015. Landemodet i Aarhus Stift, Aarhus, Århus Stifts Årbøger, no. 53, vol. 2015, pp. 62-72.

Schilhab, T & Hasse, C 2015, Tablets holder elever indendørs i frikvarteret. <http://www.altinget.dk/artikel/forskere-tablets-holder-elever-indendoers-i-frikvarteret>

Thestrup, K 2015, Tablets i daginstitutioner: Hvad gør vi med dem, nu vi har dem? in D Cecchin (ed.), Barndomspædagogik i dagtilbud: Fagbog til specialiseringen., 9, Akademisk Forlag, København, pp. 223-250.

Zumla, A, Petersen, E, Nyirenda, T & Chakaya, J 2015, 'Tackling the tuberculosis epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa--unique opportunities arising from the second European Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP) programme 2015-2024', International Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 32, pp. 46-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2014.12.039

Haubro, AP, Lomholt, HA, Lueg, R, Nielsen, SV & Knudsen, U 2015, 'Tactical and strategic choices in business models: Evidence from a danish fashion outlet', Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 274-289. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFMM-07-2014-0056

Schmidt, A, Kleemann, M, Merritt, T & Selker, T 2015, Tactile Communication in Extreme Contexts: Exploring the Design Space Through Kiteboarding. in J Abascal, S Barbosa, M Fetter, T Gross, P Palanque & M Winckler (eds), Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2015: 15th IFIP TC 13 International Conference, Bamberg, Germany, September 14-18, 2015, Proceedings, Part IV. Springer, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 9299, pp. 37-54, 15th IFIP TC.13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (INTERACT), Bamberg, Germany, 14/09/2015. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22723-8_4

Johansen, I 2015, 'Tadeusz Różewicz: “Gyldne bjerge”: gendigtet af Ib Johansen', M gasin, no. XXXVII, pp. 41.

Johansen, I 2015, 'Tadeusz Różewicz: “Men hvem der ser …”: gendigtet af Ib Johansen', M gasin, no. XXXVII, pp. 40.

Johansen, I 2015, 'Tadeusz Różewicz: “Min fader”', M gasin, no. XXXVII, pp. 41.

Braae, UC, Kabululu, M, Nørmark, ME, Nejsum, P, Ngowi, HA & Johansen, MV 2015, 'Taenia hydatigena cysticercosis in slaughtered pigs, goats, and sheep in Tanzania', Tropical Animal Health and Production, vol. 47, no. 8, pp. 1523-30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-015-0892-6

Iversen, SN 2015, 'Tag bladet fra munden', Figenbladet, no. 74, pp. 13. <http://studerende.au.dk/fileadmin/studerende.au.dk/Arts/FigenBladet/FigenBladet74.pdf>

Lykke, P (ed.) 2015, Tage Skou-Hansen om "Musiske Studenter": Uddrag af universitetshistorisk erindringsinterview. <http://www.au.dk/om/profil/historie/showroom/galleri/personer/tage-skou-hansen-1925-2015/tage-skou-hansen-om-musiske-studenter/>

Bainbridge, L, Stockwell, M, Valdez, J, Klop-Toker, K, Clulow, S, Clulow, J & Mahony, M 2015, 'Tagging tadpoles: Retention rates and impacts of visible implant elastomer (VIE) tags from the larval to adult amphibian stages', The Herpetological Journal, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 133-140.

Skiveren, T 2015, 'Tag med på et kig bag ghettoens ligusterhække', Jyllands-Posten, vol. Sektion: Kultur, pp. 10.

Bertelsen, MG & Pedersen, HL 2015, 'Tag over æblerne stopper svampeangreb', Gartner Tidende, vol. 131, no. 5, pp. 40-41.

Alibrandi, U 2015, TAIL EQUIVALENT LINEARIZATION METHODS FOR SEISMIC RESPONSE SPECTRUM ANALYSIS. in 1st International Conference on Uncertainty Quantification in Computational Sciences and Engineering. 1st International Conference on Uncertainty Quantification in Computational Sciences and Engineering, Hersonissos, Crete, Greece, 25/05/2015. https://doi.org/10.7712/120215.4278.739

Haldrup, S , Catalano, J & Bentien, A 2015, 'Tailoring the characteristics of collodion/sulfonated polystyrene membranes to improve the electrokinetic power generation efficiency', ACS National Meeting & Exposition, San Francisco, United States, 10/08/2014 - 14/08/2014. <http://acselb-529643017.us-west-2.elb.amazonaws.com/chem/248nm/program/view.php?pub_num=23&par=POLY>

Jepsen, LH , Ley, MB, Filinchuk, Y, Besenbacher, F & Jensen, TR 2015, 'Tailoring the Properties of Ammine Metal Borohydrides for Solid-State Hydrogen Storage', ChemSusChem (Print), vol. 8, no. 8, pp. 1452-63. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201500029

Bollerslev, T, Todorov, V & Xu, L 2015, 'Tail Risk Premia and Return Predictability', Journal of Financial Econometrics, vol. 118, no. 1, pp. 113–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2015.02.010

Svendsen, GT & Svendsen, GLH 2015, 'Tak, Danmark!', Jyllands-Posten. <http://jyllands-posten.dk/opinion/kronik/ECE7328093/Tak-Danmark/>

Jensen, UT & Jacobsen, CB 2015, 'Taking Leader and Employee Reports Seriously: Exploring the Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Job Satisfaction with Polynomial Regression and Response Surface Analysis', Paper presented at XIX IRSPM Conference, Birmingham, United Kingdom, 30/03/2015 - 01/04/2015.

Meier, KJ, Andersen, SC, O'Toole, LJ, Favero, N & Winter, SC 2015, 'Taking Managerial Context Seriously: Public Management and Performance in U.S. and Denmark Schools', International Public Management Journal, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 130-150. https://doi.org/10.1080/10967494.2014.972485

Dræby, A 2015, 'Talen begynder efter døden: Michel Foucault: Speech Begins after Death', Slagmark: tidsskrift for idéhistorie , no. 71, pp. 266-269.

Nielsen, JC , Stilling Olesen, J & Skrubbeltrang, LS 2015, Talentudvikling i idrætsklasser: nye former for hybriddannelse og kontraktliggørelse mellem eliteidræt, skole og unge talenter. in N Rossing, K Ryom & K Henriksen (eds), Talentudvikling i sport: reflekterende organisationer, gode teams og stærke atleter. 1. edn, Aalborg Universitetsforlag, Aalborg, pp. 76-91.

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