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Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

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Hermann, P 2019, 'Middelalderisme og erindring: Oehlenschlager og den nordiske mytologi', Slagmark: tidsskrift for idéhistorie , vol. 79, pp. 47-62.
van Wirdum, F, Andrén, E, Wienholz, D, Kotthoff, U, Moros, M, Fanget, AS, Seidenkrantz, MS & Andrén, T 2019, 'Middle to late holocene variations in salinity and primary productivity in the central Baltic Sea: A multiproxy study from the landsort deep', Frontiers in Marine Science, vol. 6, 51. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00051
Laursen, T & Gravholt, CH 2019, Midler ved sygdomme i hypothalamus og hypofyse – binyrebarksteroider og androgener. in K Brøsen, U Simonsen & K Dalhoff (eds), Basal og klinisk farmakologi. 6 edn, FADL's Forlag, pp. 498-515.
Ishtiak-Ahmed, K, Hansen, ÅM, Mortensen, EL, Garde, AH, Brødsgaard Grynderup, M, Gyntelberg, F, Islamoska, S, Lund, R, Phung, TKT, Prescott, E, Waldemar, G & Nabe-Nielsen, K 2019, 'Midlife Forgetfulness and Risk of Dementia in Old Age: Results from the Danish Working Environment Cohort Study', Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, vol. 47, no. 4-6, pp. 264-273. https://doi.org/10.1159/000500184
Kogelman, LJA, Esserlind, A-L, Francke Christensen, A, Awasthi, S, Ripke, S, Ingason, A, Davidsson, OB, Erikstrup, C, Hjalgrim, H, Ullum, H, Olesen, J, Folkmann Hansen, T & DBDS Genomic Consortium, The International Headache Genetics Consortium 2019, 'Migraine polygenic risk score associates with efficacy of migraine-specific drugs', Neurology: Genetics, vol. 5, no. 6, e364. https://doi.org/10.1212/NXG.0000000000000364
Thomsen, MR 2019, Migranter. in MR Thomsen, TR Andersen & J Ladegaard (eds), Verdenslitteraturer: Introduktion til litteraturen uden for Europa. Aarhus Universitetsforlag, Aarhus, pp. 443-468.
Tran-Jørgensen, PWV & Kulik, T 2019, Migrating Overture to a different IDE. in C Gamble & L Diogo Couto (eds), Proceedings of the 17th Overture Workshop. Newcastle University, pp. 32-47, 17th Overture Workshop, Porto, Portugal, 07/10/2019.
Bayard Rasmussen, M, Thule, C, Macedo, HD & Larsen, PG 2019, Migrating the INTO-CPS Application to the Cloud. in C Gamble & L Diogo Couto (eds), Proceedings of the 17th Overture Workshop. Newcastle University, pp. 47-62, 17th Overture Workshop, Porto, Portugal, 07/10/2019.
Kansteiner, W 2019, 'Migration, racism, and memory', Memory Studies, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 611-616. https://doi.org/10.1177/1750698019886712
Olesen, JE & Schou, JS 2019, 'Miljøet på vej mod bedring - nu truer klimaet', Tidsskrift for landøkonomi, vol. 205, no. Festskrift Det Kgl. Danske Landhusholdningsselskab , pp. 178-186.
Larsen, MM 2019, Miljøfarlige stoffer i biota og sediment. in JW Hansen & S Høgslund (eds), Marine områder 2018: NOVANA. Aarhus Universitet, Aarhus, Videnskabelig rapport fra DCE - Nationalt Center for Miljø og Energi, no. 355, pp. 101-115. <https://dce2.au.dk/pub/SR355.pdf>
Basse, EM 2019, 'Miljø- og Fødevareklagenævnets afgørelser', Kendelser om fast ejendom, vol. 44, no. 5, pp. 549-583.
Basse, EM 2019, 'Miljø- og Fødevareklagenævnets Afgørelser', Kendelser om fast ejendom, vol. 3/2018, no. 44. årgang, pp. 305-422.
Basse, EM & Harbo, NA 2019, 'Miljø- og Fødevareklagenævnets og Planklagenævnets afgørelser', Kendelser om fast ejendom, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 307-432.
Olesen, JE 2019, 'Miljø- og klimaforbedringer ved omlægning til frugttræer', No. 2019-0029887, 2 p., Dec 19, 2019..
Lashkari, S, Johansen, M, Weisbjerg, MR & Jensen, SK 2019, Milk fatty acid profile of dairy cows is affected by forage species, parity and milking time. in Book of Abstracts of the 70th Annual Meeting of the European Federation of Animal Science. vol. 25, pp. 215-215, 70th Annual Meeting of the European Federation of Animal Science (EAAP), Ghent, Belgium, 26/08/2019. <https://www.wageningenacademic.com/doi/pdf/10.3920/978-90-8686-890-2>
Odorcic, M, Rasmussen, MD, Paulrud, CO & Bruckmaier, RM 2019, 'Milking machine settings, teat condition and milking efficiency in dairy cows', Animal, vol. 13, no. S1, pp. S94-S99. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731119000417
Billa, P-A, Faulconnier, Y, Larsen, T, Leroux, C & Pires, J 2019, 'Milk metabolites as noninvasive indicators of nutritional status of mid-lactation Holstein and Montbéliarde cows', Journal of Dairy Science, vol. 102, no. Suppl 1, W20, pp. 325-325.
Rafiee Tari, N, Fan, MZ & Corredig, M 2019, 'Milk protein composition and beta-casein in a dairy matrix affect in vivo and in vitro physiological responses', Canadian Nutrition Society, 10th Annual Scientific meeting, Niagara Falls, Canada, 02/05/2019 - 04/05/2019.
Lærke, HN, Ingerslev, AK, Zhou, P, Nørgaard, JV & Jensen, SK 2019, Milk protein - more than just amino acids? A study on growth and growth biomarkers in piglets. in ML Chizzotti (ed.), Energy and protein metabolism and nutrition. Wageningen Academic Publishers, European Association for Animal Production. Scientific Series, vol. 138, pp. 369-372, 6th EAAP International Symposium on Energy and Protein Metabolism and Nutrition, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 09/09/2019. https://doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-891-9
Spasaro, M & Zito, D 2019, Millimeter-Wave Integrated Silicon Devices: Active versus Passive — The Eternal Struggle Between Good and Evil : (Invited Paper). in 2019 42nd International Semiconductor Conference, CAS 2019 - Proceedings., 8923669, IEEE, pp. 11-20, International Semiconductor Conference , Sinaia, Romania, 09/10/2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/SMICND.2019.8923669
Lind, H 2019, 'Min akademiske akklimatisering: om feltarbejde på danske forfatterskoler', Litteraturmagasinet Standart, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 52-53.
Rosenbom, A & Alstrup, AKO 2019, Mindeord og erindringer om Ivan Katić. in Veterinærhistorisk Årbog 2018. vol. 48, pp. 11-17.
Jakobsen, K & Lemcke, S 2019, 'Mindfulness as an intervention for ADHD? A review of the literature', 5TH HORATIO FESTIVAL OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSING, København, Denmark, 09/05/2019 - 12/05/2019.
Jakobsen, K, Thomsen, PH & Lemcke, S 2019, 'Mindfulness as treatment for ADHD', Ugeskrift for Læger, vol. 182, no. 1.
Lodberg, P 2019, Mindretalspositionens kulturteoretiske begrundelse. in L Christoffersen, A Jørgensen & S Andersen (eds), Religionsretlig lovgivning. Kirkeretsantologi 2019: Trossamfundslov. Blasfemibestemmelse. Eksistensen Akademisk, København, pp. 61-69.
Menges, L, Krawutschke, C, Füchtbauer, EM, Füchtbauer, A, Sandner, P, Koesling, D & Russwurm, M 2019, 'Mind the gap (junction): cGMP induced by nitric oxide in cardiac myocytes originates from cardiac fibroblasts', British Journal of Pharmacology, vol. 176, no. 24, pp. 4696-4707. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.14835
Nielbo, KL 2019, Mind the text: traces of mental states in unstructured historical data. in AK Petersen, GI Sælid, LH Martin, JS Jensen & J Sørensen (eds), Evolution, cognition, and the history of religion: a new synthesis : festschrift in honour of Armin W. Geertz. Brill | Nijhoff, Leiden, pp. 239-251.
Addison, B, Wright, DJ, Wittenmyer, RA, Horner, J, Mengel, MW, Johns, D, Marti, C, Nicholson, B, Soutter, J, Bowler, B, Crossfield, I, Kane, SR, Kielkopf, J, Plavchan, P, Tinney, CG, Zhang, H, Clark, JT, Clerte, M, Eastman, JD, Swift, J, Bottom, M, Muirhead, P, McCrady, N, Herzig, E, Hogstrom, K, Wilson, M, Sliski, D, Johnson, SA, Wright, JT, Johnson, JA, Blake, C, Riddle, R, Lin, B, Cornachione, M, Bedding, TR, Stello, D, Huber, D, Marsden, S & Carter, BD 2019, 'MINERVA-Australis. I. Design, Commissioning, and First Photometric Results', Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, vol. 131, no. 1005, 115003, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/ab03aa
Gomes, C, Jungers, RM, Legat, B & Vangheluwe, H 2019, Minimally Constrained Stable Switched Systems and Application to Co-simulation. in 2018 IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) ., 8619223, IEEE, pp. 5676-5681, 2018 IEEE Conference on Decision and Control , Miami Beach, Florida, United States, 17/12/2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/CDC.2018.8619223