Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

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Tarp, S 2019, 'La Ventana al Futuro: Despidiéndose de los Diccionarios para Abrazar la Lexicografía', RILEX. Revista sobre investigaciones léxicas, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 5-36. https://doi.org/10.17561/rilex.v2.n2.1

Croix, S 2019, 'La ville portuaire de Ribe. L’archéologie en « haute résolution »', Dossier d'Archéologie, vol. 391, pp. 46-49.

Hasselbalch, O 2019, Law-473-Denmark. in International Encyclopaedia of Laws. Kluwer Law International.

Ulfbeck, V, Andhov, A & Mitkidis, K (eds) 2019, Law and Responsible Supply Chain Management: Contract and Tort Interplay and Overlap. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429461231

Rostami, H, Volckaert, K , Lanata, N , Mahatha, SK, Sanders, CE, Bianchi, M, Lizzit, D, Bignardi, L, Lizzit, S, Miwa, JA, Balatsky, A, Hofmann, P & Ulstrup, S 2019, 'Layer and orbital interference effects in photoemission from transition metal dichalcogenides', Physical Review B, vol. 100, no. 23, 235423. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.235423

Mantri, DS & Prasad, R 2019, Layered Network Security for Efficient Data Aggregation in CONASENSE. in R Prasad & LP Ligthart (eds), Security within CONASENSE Paragon. River Publishers, Gistrup, River Publishers Series in Communications, pp. 11-34.

Lønstrup, A 2019, 'LAZARUS Af David Bowie + Enda Walsh forestilling: En sanse- og betydningsoverbelastet ', Peripeti.

Abdallah, MF, Gonzales, B, Haesaert, G, Audenaert, K & De Saeger, S 2019, 'LC-MS based metabolomics study to unravel the biocontrol effect of fungal endophytes against the plant pathogen Fusarium graminearum', Scottish Metabolomics Network symposium 2019 (SMN-2019), Glasgow, United Kingdom, 13/11/2019 - 15/11/2019.

Kanstrup, N, Chriél, M, Dietz, R , Søndergaard, J , Balsby, TJS & Sonne, C 2019, 'Lead and Other Trace Elements in Danish Birds of Prey', Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, vol. 77, no. 3, pp. 359-367. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-019-00646-5

Møller, A-KL 2019, 'Leaders' impact on employee absenteeism: a systematic literature review', European Association of Work and Organizational Psychology, Torino, Italy, 29/05/2019 - 01/06/2019.

Møller, A-KL 2019, 'Leader’s impact on employee sickness absence', EAWOP Small Group Meeting Leadership and Health/Well-being, Exeter, United Kingdom, 20/06/2019 - 21/06/2019.

Kanstrup, N, Thomas, VG & Fox, AD (eds) 2019, Lead in hunting ammunition: Persistent problems and solutions. Ambio, no. 9, vol. 48, Springer.

Konnerup, D 2019, 'Leaf gas films improve submergence tolerance of plants in fresh and saline water', 6th Congress on Salinity Challenges, Buenos, Argentina, 22/07/2019 - 25/07/2019 pp. 76-81.

Chou, Q, Cao, T, Ni, L, Xie, P & Jeppesen, E 2019, 'Leaf Soluble Carbohydrates, Free Amino Acids, Starch, Total Phenolics, Carbon and Nitrogen Stoichiometry of 24 Aquatic Macrophyte Species Along Climate Gradients in China', Frontiers in Plant Science, vol. 10, 442, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.0044

Baker, CF , Overvad, K & Dahm, CC 2019, 'Lean body mass and risk of type 2 diabetes - a Danish cohort study', Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 445-451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-019-00438-7

Verzijden, M 2019, 'Leapfrog to speciation boosted by mother's influence', Nature, vol. 574, no. 7776, pp. 38-39. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-019-02904-x

Mehndiratta, M, Kayacan, E, Patel, S, Kayacan, E & Chowdhary, G 2019, Learning-based Fast Nonlinear Model Predictive Control for Custom-made 3D Printed Ground and Aerial Robots. in S V. Rakovic & W Levine (eds), Handbook of Model Predictive Control. 1 edn, Birkhäuser Verlag, Handbook of Model Predictive Control, pp. 581-605. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77489-3_24

Brandi, U 2019, Learning biography vignettes - Danish case results. ENLIVEN research, Vienna.

Zhang, C 2019, 'Learning Chinese Characters in the Digital Learning Room', Sprogforum, vol. Årg. 25, no. 68, pp. 54-61.

Lases, LSS, Arah, OA, Busch, ORC, Heineman, MJ & Lombarts, KMJMH 2019, 'Learning climate positively influences residents' work-related well-being', Advances in Health Sciences Education, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 317-330. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-018-9868-4

Govdeli, Y, Bin Muzaffar, SM , Raj, R , Elhadidi, B & Kayacan, E 2019, Learning Control of Tandem-Wing Tilt-Rotor UAV with Unsteady Aerodynamic Model. in 2019 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems, FUZZ 2019., 8859023, IEEE, 2019 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems, FUZZ 2019, New Orleans, United States, 23/06/2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/FUZZ-IEEE.2019.8859023

Dohn, NB, Godsk, M & Buus, L 2019, 'Learning Design: Tilgange, cases og karakteristika', Læring og Medier, no. 21. https://doi.org/10.7146/lom.v12i21.112639

Godsk, M , Hougaard, RF & Lindberg, AB 2019, 'Learning Design as a multi-tool for professional development, educational development, reporting, and evaluation', ASCILITE 2019
36th International Conference on Innovation, Practice and Research in the Use of Educational Technologies in Tertiary Education, Singapore, Singapore, 02/12/2019 - 05/12/2019.

Berthelsen, UD 2019, Learning Despite Resistance: Engaging Resistant Learners through Creative Learning Activities. in JH Kalir (ed.), Proceedings of the 2018 Connected Learning Summit. ETC Press, Pittsburgh, Pa, pp. 10-18, CLS, Boston, United States, 01/08/2018. <https://connectedlearningsummit.org/cls2018/proceedings/>

Pötz, M, Radziwon, A & Ruser, A 2019, 'Learning how to do out-of-the-box research: An exploratory study on the value of capability building in open and collaborative science practices ', Paper presented at Open Innovation in Science Workshop, Vienna, Austria, 02/05/2019 - 03/05/2019.

Pedersen, AY , Caviglia, F , Gislev Kjærsgaard, T & Larsen, AH 2019, Learning in hybrid protopublic spaces: framework and exemplars. in A Littlejohn, J Jaldemark, E Vrieling-Teunter & F Nijland (eds), Networked professional learning: emerging and equitable discourses for professional development. Springer, Cham, Research in Networked Learning, vol. 6, pp. 89-110. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18030-0_6

Hasse, C 2019, Learning matter: the force of educational technologies in cultural ecologies. in C Milne & K Scantlebury (eds), Material Practice and Materiality: Too Long Ignored in Science Education. Springer, Cham, Cultural Studies of Science Education (CSSE), vol. 18, pp. 217-229. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01974-7_15

Camci, E & Kayacan, E 2019, 'Learning motion primitives for planning swift maneuvers of quadrotor', Autonomous Robots, vol. 43, no. 7, pp. 1733-1745. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10514-019-09831-w

Lumaca, M , Dietz, M , Hansen, NC , Quiroga Martinez, DR & Vuust, P 2019 'Learning of complex auditory patterns changes intrinsic and feedforward effective connectivity between Heschl’s gyrus and planum temporale' bioRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/848416

Domun, Y, Pedersen, LJ, White, D, Adeyemi, O & Norton, T 2019, 'Learning patterns from time-series data to discriminate predictions of tail-biting, fouling and diarrhoea in pigs', Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, vol. 163, 104878. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2019.104878

Bayley, M , Damsgaard, C , Thomsen, MT , Malte, H & Wang, T 2019, 'Learning to Air-Breathe: The First Steps', Physiology, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 14-29. https://doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00028.2018

Anderson, SD 2019, 'Learning to be social: Fashioning a mind of ones own in good company', Paper presented at ASA 2019, Oxford University: Sociality, Matter and the Imagination: Recreating Anthropology , Oxford, United Kingdom, 18/09/2019 - 21/09/2019.

Swiderska-Chadaj, Z, Pinckaers, H, van Rijthoven, M, Balkenhol, M, Melnikova, M, Geessink, O, Manson, Q, Sherman, M, Polonia, A, Parry, J, Abubakar, M, Litjens, G, van der Laak, J & Ciompi, F 2019, 'Learning to detect lymphocytes in immunohistochemistry with deep learning', Medical Image Analysis, vol. 58, 101547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.media.2019.101547

Arge, L , Grønlund, A , Svendsen, SC & Tranberg, J 2019, Learning to find hydrological corrections. in F Banaei-Kashani, G Trajcevski, RH Güting, L Kulik & S Newsam (eds), 27th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems (SIGSPATIAL '19). Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 464-467, 27th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems, ACM SIGSPATIAL GIS 2019, Chicago, United States, 05/11/2019. https://doi.org/10.1145/3347146.3359095

Tafdrup, OA , Andersen, BL & Hasse, C 2019, Learning to interpret technological breakdowns: A path to technological literacy. in M Toivonen-Noro & S Eveliina (eds), Human-centered Digitalization and Services . Springer.

Ramsgaard, MB 2019, 'Learning to lead in the entrepreneurship education context', Paper presented at 3E Conference - ECSB Entrepreneurship Education Conference, 2019, Göteborg, Sweden, 07/05/2019 - 10/05/2019.

Tran, DT & Iosifidis, A 2019, Learning to Rank: A Progressive Neural Network Learning Approach. in 2019 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2019 - Proceedings., 8683711, IEEE, I E E E International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing. Proceedings, vol. 2019 May, pp. 8355-8359, 44th IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2019, Brighton, United Kingdom, 12/05/2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASSP.2019.8683711

Vukovic, N & Shtyrov, Y 2019, 'Learning with the wave of the hand: kinematic and TMS evidence of primary motor cortex role in category-specific encoding of word meaning', NeuroImage, vol. 202, 116179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116179

Bozorgtabar, B, Rad, MS, Ekenel, HK & Thiran, J-P 2019 'Learn to synthesize and synthesize to learn'.

Neghabat, O & Holm, NR 2019, 'Leaving Nothing Behind in Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction: Are We There Yet?', JACC. Cardiovascular interventions, vol. 12, no. 17, pp. 1700-1702. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcin.2019.05.004

Larsen, JB, Andersen, AS, Hvas, CL , Thiel, S, Lassen, MR, Hvas, A-M & Hansen, AT 2019, 'Lectin pathway proteins of the complement system in normotensive pregnancy and pre-eclampsia', American Journal of Reproductive Immunology Online, vol. 81, no. 4, e13092, pp. e13092. https://doi.org/10.1111/aji.13092

Hansen, LK & Hansen, MRP 2019, 'Ledelse af innovationsprojekter og porteføljer skaber vi sammen', Projektledelse, vol. 2019, no. 2, pp. 36-38.

Kirkegaard, T, Andersen, MF, Dalgaard, VLP , Jacobsen, CB & Bech, M 2019, 'Ledelsen er central for at forebygge og håndtere medarbejderstress', Tidsskrift for Dansk Sundhedsvaesen (Online), vol. 95, no. 6, pp. 6-15. <https://www.paperturn-view.com/da/dssnet/tidsskrift-for-dansk-sundhedsvaesen-oktober-2019?pid=NjQ64204%20&p=13>

Kofod, K 2019, Ledelse og organisering af social- og specialpædagogik. in T Vikær Andersen (ed.), Social- og specialpædagogik i pædagoguddannelsen . Hans Reitzels Forlag, Købehavn, pp. 530-544.

Sørensen, KE 2019, 'Ledelsesansvar og det forretningsmæssige skøn: konturerne af den danske version af Business Judgment Rule', Ugeskrift for Retsvaesen, vol. U.2019B, pp. 299-309.

Ladegaard Bro, L, Langagergaard, J & Jacobsen, CB 2019, 'Ledelsesspænd og ledertilfredshed i offentlige og private organisationer', Politica - Tidsskrift for politisk videnskab, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 307-327. <https://politica.dk/fileadmin/politica/Dokumenter/politica_51_3/bro_langagergaard_jakobsen.pdf>

Ouzounis, T, Gebraegziabher, HG , Kjær, KH & Ottosen, C-O 2019, 'LED or HPS in ornamentals? Benefits and challenges', Acta Horticulturae.

Ottosen, C-O , Falcato Fialho Palma, C, Rosenqvist, E & Sommer, SG 2019, 'LED til planteproduktion i lukkede rum', Gartner Tidende, no. 12, pp. 30-31.

Salmon, MK, Hammer, KE, Johansen, P & Nielsen-Kudsk, JE 2019, 'Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion: To Tug or Not To Tug?', EuroPCR in Interventional Cardiovascular Medicine, Paris, France, 21/05/2019 - 24/05/2019.

Andersen, M 2019, Leg. Tænkepauser - viden til hverdagen, vol. 70, Aarhus Universitetsforlag, Aarhus.

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