Exosomes

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types in vitro. Cells continuously secrete a large number of microvesicles, exosomes and small molecules into the extracellular space. Exosomes have been shown to contain mRNA and miRNA and they are able to mediate communication between cells, by transport of RNA and proteins which can be functionalized in the recipient cell. The ability to transport bioactive cargoes, gives exosomes innate therapeutic potential as a natural drug carrier. Efficient techniques for loading drugs into exosomes to utilize the natural carrier capabilities of these vesicles remains to be elucidated.

Applications of Exosomes

The presence exosomes in blood, saliva, and urine paves the way for the possible application of exosomes as a diagnostic marker for diseases. Many diseases are difficult to detect by the methods and equipment available today and there is a growing demand for development of new non‐invasive methods to detect diseases in early stages. The use of exosomes as markers of disease is being investigated to cement their potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of many diseases, in particular cancers. This, however, relies on thorough characterisation of exosomes in both healthy and diseased states

An important factor to understanding the roles of exosomes is knowledge of their biodistribution. Currently, the number of publications describing the biodistribution of exosomes is limited. The main reason being the lack of a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo. Mapping the specific cell type derived exosomes can increase our knowledge on the roles of exosomes in the organism, as well as help to identify natural targeting systems.

Isolation, Characterisation and Fluorescent Labelling

The most common isolation protocol uses a differential centrifugation to fractionate cells, microvesicles, and exosomes, which are pelleted by ultracentrifugation. After vesicles are secreted from cells into the extracellular environment, it difficult to separate the different subpopulations of vesicles to obtain a pure sample. We have developed methods to optimise isolation and thorough characterisation procedures to obtain pure and well-characterised exosomes. Furthermore, we have developed a simple method for labelling of exosomes with a robust fluorescent label that can be visualised in vivo, allowing investigation of the biodistribution of different cell derived exosomes.

Collaborators:

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

Dan Peer, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Moein Moghimi, school of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, UK

Recent Publications

Sort by: Date | Author | Title

Abraham, I, Chouatt, E, Gilad, Y, Stern, G & Yakoubov, S 2025, Asynchronous Algorand: Reaching Agreement with Near Linear Communication and Constant Expected Time. in ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing (PODC 2025). pp. 28-38. https://doi.org/10.1145/3732772.3733533

Oresnik, S, Moffat, T, McKerracher, L & Sloboda, DM 2025, 'A syndemic perspective on food insecurity, gestational diabetes, and mental health disorders during pregnancy', Social Science and Medicine, vol. 373, 117994. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117994

Sumanon, P , Eiserhardt, WL , Balslev, H & Utteridge, TMA 2025, 'A synopsis of the genus Maesa (Primulaceae) in New Guinea', Kew Bulletin, vol. 80, no. 2, pp. 221-269. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-024-10164-w

Devantier, L, Callesen, HE, Hougaard, DD, Djurhuus, BD, Guldfred, FLA & Hvass Schmidt, J 2025, 'A systematic review and meta-analysis of intratympanic gentamicin for patients with Ménières disease', Acta Oto-Laryngologica, vol. 145, no. 8, pp. 669-675. https://doi.org/10.1080/00016489.2025.2504033

Sanatkar, S, Lipscomb, R, Petrie, K, Collins, D, Arena, A, Xu, M, Counson, I, Dalgaard, VL, Mykletun, A, LaMontagne, AD, Harvey, SB & Deady, M 2025, 'A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of work-focused interventions for employees with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and psychological distress', International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, vol. 98, no. 9-10, pp. 859–882. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-025-02181-4

Frandsen, LN & Høyer, JH 2025, A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Vibratory Stress Relief (VSR) Effectiveness of Steel Components. in Y Zhao (ed.), Progress in Advanced Manufacturing and Materials: Selected Contributions of ICAMM 2025. Springer, Cham, pp. 237-251, 9th International Conference on Advanced Manufacturing and Materials, Oxford, United Kingdom, 08/07/2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-09862-7_23

Kristensen, MH , Nielsen, SB , Alsner, J , Holm, AIS , Hansen, CR , Overgaard, J & Eriksen, JG 2025, 'A systematic review and proportional meta-analysis of image-based pattern of loco-regional failure analyses outcomes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma', Radiotherapy and Oncology, vol. 207, 110838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2025.110838

Håndstad, M, Alaoui-Ismaili, A, Juhler, M & Mathiesen, TI 2025, 'A systematic review of reviews on ventriculostomy related infection definitions: A fundamental problem', Neurosurgical Review, vol. 48, no. 1, 292, pp. 292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10143-025-03447-8

Mercadante, V, Smith, DK, Abdalla-Aslan, R, Andabak-Rogulj, A, Brennan, MT, Jaguar, GC, Clark, H, Fregnani, E, Gueiros, LA, Hovan, A, Kurup, S, Laheij, AMGA, Lynggaard, CD, Napeñas, JJ, Peterson, DE, Elad, S, Van Leeuwen, S, Vissink, A, Wu, J, Saunders, DP & Jensen, SB 2025, 'A systematic review of salivary gland hypofunction and/or xerostomia induced by non-surgical cancer therapies: prevention strategies', Supportive Care in Cancer, vol. 33, no. 2, 87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-024-09113-x

Dalbøge, A 2025, 'A systematic review of the association between occupational sensitizing agents and asthma', Scandinavian Journal of Work and Environmental Health.

Dalbøge, A , Kolstad, HA , Jahn, A, Ulrik, CS, Sherson, DL, Meyer, HW, Ebbehøj, N, Sigsgaard, T, Baur, X & Schlünssen, V 2025, 'A systematic review of the relation between ten potential occupational sensitizing exposures and asthma', Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 146-158. https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.4214

Wittig, J , Krogh, K, Blanchard, EE, Xing, K, Kushner, J, Bichmann, A, Flin, R, Brazil, V, Goldhaber-Fiebert, SN, Paige, J & Lauridsen, KG 2025, 'A Systematic Review on Conditions before and after Training of Teamwork Competencies and the Effect on Transfer of Skills to the Clinical Workplace', Simulation in Healthcare, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 111-117. https://doi.org/10.1097/SIH.0000000000000809

Østergaard, M , Wittig, NK & Birkedal, H 2025, 'A systematic study of the effect of measurement parameters on determination of osteocyte lacunar properties using laboratory X-ray micro-computed tomography', Bone, vol. 193, 117391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2025.117391

Liu, Y , Mikkelsen, T, Liu, Z, Tian, G, Mardanbegi, D, Zhou, Q , Gellersen, H & Pfeuffer, K 2025, At a Glance to Your Fingertips: Enabling Direct Manipulation of Distant Objects Through SightWarp. in A Bianchi, EL Glassman, WE Mackay, S Zhao, I Oakley & J Kim (eds), UIST 2025 - Proceedings of the 38th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology., 26, Association for Computing Machinery, 38th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, UIST 2025, Busan, Korea, Republic of, 28/09/2025. https://doi.org/10.1145/3746059.3747653

Rosholm, M, Tonnesen, PB, Rasmussen, K, Overgaard, S, Færch, JV, Malm, SG & Harder, J 2025, 'A tailored small group instruction intervention in mathematics benefits low achievers', npj Science of Learning, vol. 10, no. 1, 18, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-025-00310-9

Kettel, L 2025, 'A Tale of Two Crises: Local Homelessness Policy during Covid-19', Urban Affairs Review, vol. 61, no. 3, pp. 869-901. https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874241279762

Nielsen, MLN , Sharma, R , Ceccato, M , Marks, MJ , Frank, S , Skibsted, J , Catalano, J & Lock, N 2025, 'A tale of two syntheses: a comparative study of the physical and photocatalytic properties of covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs)', Nanoscale, vol. 17, no. 42, pp. 24669-24681. https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr02635k

Elkjaer, B 2025, At analysere med John Dewey. Umulige tænkere, Nyt fra Samfundsvidenskaberne, Frederiksberg.

Laursen, R 2025, At balancere et lederliv: En undersøgelse af frontleders psykiske arbejdsmiljø i Holstebro Kommune. Institut for Kultur og Læring, Aalborg Universitet.

Korsgaard, O 2025, At blive et menneske man kan regne med: Dydsetikkens pædagogiske tradition og relevans i dag. in J Nørgaard Mortensen (ed.), Karakterdannelse: Højnelse til humanitet. Klim, Arhus, pp. 17-28.

Rasmussen, JD 2025, 'At bo skrøbeligt - ældre menneskers hverdagsliv i skæve boliger', Viden om aldring: Dansk Gerontologisk Tidsskrift, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 26-31.

Brimnes, N 2025, 'At dømme historien: Jesper Ryberg: Kan man dømme historien?', Historisk Tidsskrift, vol. 125, no. 1, pp. 191-197. https://doi.org/10.7146/ht.v125i1.157505

Larsen, RKE 2025, 'At forkaste naturens agens er både moralsk og politisk problematisk', Dagbladet Information. <https://www.information.dk/debat/2025/12/forkaste-naturens-agens-baade-moralsk-politisk-problematisk>

Ravn, I 2025, At forstå sygdom som regenerativ. <https://sygeplejevidenskab.dk/index.php/2025/01/27/at-forstaa-sygdom-som-regenerativ/>

Javed, R, Mari, M, Trosdal, E, Lopes Alberto Duque, T, Paddar, M, Allers, L, Akepati, P, Mudd, MH, Reggiori, F & Deretic, V 2025, 'ATG9A controls all stages of autophagosome biogenesis', Autophagy, vol. 21, no. 8, pp. 1859-1861. https://doi.org/10.1080/15548627.2025.2494802

Javed, R, Mari, M, Trosdal, E, Duque, T, Paddar, MA, Allers, L, Mudd, MH, Claude-Taupin, A, Akepati, PR, Hendrix, E, He, Y, Salemi, M, Phinney, B, Uchiyama, Y, Reggiori, F & Deretic, V 2025, 'ATG9A facilitates the closure of mammalian autophagosomes', The Journal of Cell Biology, vol. 224, no. 2, e202404047. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202404047

Herbener, AB & Damholdt, MF 2025, 'A Theoretical Framework of the Processes of Change in Mental Health Interventions Delivered by Artificial Therapists', Journal of Psychology and AI, vol. 1, no. 1, 2590495. https://doi.org/10.1080/29974100.2025.2590495

Petersen, LS 2025, 'A Therapeutic RNA Approach to Control Protein Levels', PhD, Aarhus University.

Johnsen, NK, Marcher, DMW, Nielsen, MB, Zhang, Y , Guo, Z & Eser, BE 2025, 'A Thermostable Fatty Acid Hydratase from Marinitoga Piezophila with Low Temperature Optimum and Broad Product Scope', ChemBioChem, vol. 26, no. 17, e202500081. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.202500081

Nogales, P, Velasco, C, González-Cintado, L, Sharysh, D, Mota-Cobián, A, Izquierdo-Serrano, R, Torroja, C, Del Rio-Aledo, D, Morales-Cano, D, Mota, RA, Benguría, A, Dopazo, A, Sánchez-Cabo, F, Vázquez, J, España, S, Carramolino, L, Mateo, J & Bentzon, JF 2025, 'Atherosclerotic disease activity is associated with glycolytic enzyme expression across multiple cell types and is trackable by FDG-PET', Science Translational Medicine, vol. 17, no. 811, eado6467. https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.ado6467

Krieger, J 2025, 'Athletes from ‘Nowhere’: The Faroe Islands’ Quest for Olympic Recognition', International Journal of the History of Sport, vol. 42, no. 12-13, pp. 1392-1407. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523367.2025.2479451

O’Brien, MJM, Wallis, AK, Heerey, JJ, Tønning, LU , Mechlenburg, I , Jacobsen, JSS, Balakumar, J & Kemp, JL 2025, 'Athletes with hip dysplasia: current understanding, management and future directions', British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 59, no. 13, pp. 887-889. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-108777

Cohen-Addad, V, Draganov, A, Russo, M, Saulpic, D & Schwiegelshohn, C 2025, A Tight VC-Dimension Analysis of Clustering Coresets with Applications. in Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, SODA 2025. Association for Computing Machinery, Proceedings of the Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, vol. 7, pp. 4783-4808, 36th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, SODA 2025, New Orleans, United States, 12/01/2025.

Li, R, Lamolinairie, J, Chiappisi, L & Corredig, M 2025, 'A time-resolved investigation at multiple-length scales of the structure of liquid foam stabilized by albumins from pea', Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, vol. 678, no. Part B, pp. 1049-1060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2024.09.086

Damm, MF, Lou, S , Sandager, P , Vogel, I, Prinds, C & Hvidtjoern, D 2025, 'A time/space bubble: Expectant parents' experience of birth after termination of pregnancy due to fetal anomaly in a midwifery-led, obstetric unit for prenatal loss', Midwifery, vol. 140, 104189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2024.104189

Jensen, ML , Nielsen, CL , Jensen, MB , Muren, L , Martinez Turtos, R , Julsgaard, B & Balling, P 2025, 'A Tissue-Equivalent, Reusable Dosimeter for 3D Verification of Radiotherapy', Advanced Functional Materials, vol. 35, no. 10, 2412587. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202412587

Andersen, FØ 2025, 'At kæmpe for sit land', Flagdagsmagasinet , pp. 30-33.

Hallsteinsdóttir, E & Simonsen, I 2025, At købe katten i sækken – et dansk-tysk sprogsamarbejde om faste ordforbindelser. <https://www.lingoblog.dk/at-koebe-katten-i-saekken-et-dansk-tysk-sprogsamarbejde-om-faste-ordforbindelser/>

Kusk, ML 2025, At kunne holde sit eget liv: Unge, omsorgsarbejde og økonomisk selvstændighed i kontekst af genbosættelse. in M Rytter, E Mortensen & S Bregnbæk (eds), Flygtningefamilier i forandring: Kærlighed, omsorg og nære relationer. Aarhus Universitetsforlag, Aarhus.

Wiberg, M & Christensen, G 2025, At lære gennem tænkning og handling. in L Lottrup, TN Rasmussen & A Søndberg (eds), Pædagogik og Didaktik: Grundtemaer. KvaN, Aarhus, pp. 156-168.

Reeves, R, Galatius, A, Kinze, CC & Mikkelsen, B 2025, Atlantic white-sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus). in Oceanic Dolphins: Ridgway and Harrison's Handbook of Marine Mammals, volume 2. vol. 2, Academic Press, San Diego. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978

Jung, Y, Simonsen, MB, Petersen, ET , Stilling, M & Skipper Andersen, M 2025, 'Atlas-based bone segmentation from lower extremity MRI images', Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging & Visualization, vol. 13, no. 1, 2562888. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681163.2025.2562888

Cecchini, M, Andersen, LB & Møller Hansen, K 2025, At lave undersøgelser indenfor statskundskab. in KM Hansen, LB Andersen & M Cecchini (eds), Metoder i statskundskab. 4 edn, Hans Reitzels Forlag, København, pp. 21-52.

Welz, C 2025, At lytte til hinanden og lære af hinanden: religionsdialog i anledning af en luthersk-muslimsk vielse i folkekirken. in AK Brandt & S la Cour Sonne (eds), En verden til forskel: Religionsmøder og religionsteologi til folkekirken i et mangfoldigt samfund. Eksistensen Akademisk, Frederiksberg, pp. 101-124.

Poulsen, MB , Ellermann, T , Bossi, R , Sørensen, MOB , Christensen, JH , Lansø, AS & Monies, C 2025, Atmosfærisk deposition 2024: NOVANA. Videnskabelig rapport fra DCE - Nationalt Center for Miljø og Energi, no. 678, Aarhus University, DCE - Danish Centre for Environment and Energy. <https://dce.au.dk/fileadmin/dce.au.dk/Udgivelser/Videnskabelige_rapporter_600-699/SR678.pdf>